Kusamukira pamodzi kwa mdani sikuphwanya lamulo loletsa kupempha antchito. Izi zikutsatira chigamulo cha khoti lachigawo chaching'ono mu Amsterdam ya 4 Ogasiti 2026 (ECLI: NL: RBAMS: 2026: 8591Fusion Trade Netherlands BV idapempha chindapusa cha €150,000 kuchokera kwa wantchito wakale chifukwa chopempha antchito, €230,000 chifukwa chophwanya gawo la ubale ndi €150,000 chifukwa chophwanya chinsinsi. Khotilo lidapereka chindapusa chimodzi: €25,000 chifukwa chophwanya gawo la ubale. Zotsalazo zidachotsedwa.
Kodi chinachitika n’chiyani pankhaniyi?
Wantchitoyo adalowa mu Fusion Trade, wogulitsa zinthu zamagetsi, pa 31 Januwale 2011 ndipo adagwira ntchito ngati Executive wa Sales Account pa mgwirizano wa nthawi yayitali kuyambira pa 1 Ogasiti 2012. Pangano lake la ntchito linali ndi gawo losunga chinsinsi, gawo loletsa kupemphedwa kwa antchito ndi gawo loletsa ubale, ndi chilango cha € 25,000 pa kuphwanya kulikonse kuphatikiza € 5,000 patsiku lililonse kuphwanya kulikonse. Panalibe mwadala gawo loletsa kupikisana: Fusion Trade idaganiza kuti magawo ena atatuwo amateteza zofuna zake mokwanira. Zimene gawo lotere limachita ndi zomwe silikuphimba zafotokozedwa mu kalozera wathu wa gawo loletsa kupikisana motsatira lamulo la Dutch.
Kuphatikiza apo, pa 23 Ogasiti 2018 wantchito ndi Fusion Trade Inc. adalowa mu Pangano lachinsinsi komanso losapempha. Khothi silinafunikire kusankha ngati Fusion Trade ingakakamize mgwirizanowu: silinali ndi gawo la chilango chake, kapena gawo lililonse logwiritsa ntchito gawo la chilango kuchokera mu mgwirizano wantchito mofananira. Chifukwa chake, pempho la chilango linayesedwa kokha motsutsana ndi mgwirizano wantchito.
Wantchitoyo adapereka chidziwitso pa 20 February 2024 kuyambira pa 31 March 2024 ndipo adalowa nawo Chip 1 Exchange NL BV pafupifupi pa 1 April 2024. Ogwira ntchito ena asanu ndi atatu omwe kale anali a Fusion Trade adasamukira kudera lina nthawi yomweyo. Atangolengeza kuchoka kwa manejala wawo, gulu la WhatsApp lidapangidwa; dzina lake linasinthidwa kangapo ndipo mauthenga adazimiririka okha patatha maola 24.
Kodi n’chiyani chimawerengedwa ngati kupempha thandizo?
Chigamulo chosapempha ntchito chinaletsa wantchitoyo, kwa chaka chimodzi pambuyo poti ntchito yatha, kuti asalankhule kapena kukopa antchito a Fusion Trade kapena makampani ogwirizana nawo. Malinga ndi Fusion Trade, antchitowo adalimbikitsana, pang'ono kudzera mu gulu la WhatsApp, kuti asiye ntchito ndikulowa nawo Chip 1. Momwe chigamulo chotere chimalembedwera nthawi zambiri komanso zomwe chingathe kukwaniritsa zafotokozedwa m'nkhani yathu yokhudza chigamulo chosapempha ntchito.
Khotilo silinavomereze chifukwa chimenecho. Kupempha anthu kuti alowe m'malo mwa anthu ena kumafuna kuti pakhale njira yogwira ntchito, pomwe munthu mmodzi amayesa kukakamiza wina kuti asiye ntchito ndikuyamba ntchito kwina. Umboni umenewo unalibe. Khotilo linanena kuti gululo ndi lokayikitsa, koma zomwe zili mu mauthengawo sizinatsimikizidwe: mauthengawo anachotsedwa okha ndipo anthuwo anachotsa gululo. Mauthenga omwe Fusion Trade inalandira sanasonyeze kuti anali opempha anthu ena.
Nkhaniyi sinali yokhudza kupempha anthu kuti achite nawo ndale. Ena mwa anthuwa anali kale mabwenzi, antchitowo anati sanakhutire ndi momwe zinthu zinkayendera ndipo ankafuna kupitiriza kugwira ntchito ndi manejala wawo amene anamwalira, ndipo anali ndi ufulu wolowa nawo Chip 1 chifukwa palibe gawo loletsa mpikisano lomwe linkagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngakhale pakanakhala chilimbikitso, sizikanadziwika kuti ndani anapempha ndani. Kuchita zinthu mogwirizana sikutanthauza kupempha munthu payekha. Zilango zomwe zinaperekedwa chifukwa cha kupempha anthu zinachotsedwa.
Kodi chiganizo cha mgwirizano chimafika pati?
Chigamulo cha ubale chinaletsa wantchito, kwa chaka chimodzi pambuyo poti mgwirizano wa ntchito watha, kupempha makasitomala a Fusion Trade komanso kulowa muubwenzi wamalonda ndi makasitomala amenewo pankhani ya ntchito zazikulu za Fusion Trade. Chinkakhudza anthu omwe anali makasitomala pa tsiku lotha ntchito kapena omwe anali makasitomala chaka chatha. Khotilo linatanthauzira chigamulocho motsatira muyezo wa Haviltex ndipo linapeza mfundo zitatu.
Sikuti kulumikizana kulikonse ndikoletsedwa
Chiganizochi sichikunena kuti kulankhulana kulikonse ndi kasitomala (wakale) n'koletsedwa. Choletsedwa ndikupempha kasitomalayo ndikuchita ubale wamalonda, mosasamala kanthu za kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Amene adakumana naye koyamba si wotsimikiza
Ngati kasitomala alankhulana, sizikutanthauza kuti palibe chifukwa chophwanya lamulo. Ngati pempho kapena ubale wamalonda utsatira, gawolo limaphwanyidwa.
Ndi mbiri yayikulu, chidziwitso n'chofunika
Fusion Trade inali ndi maubwenzi pafupifupi chikwi ku Netherlands ndi zikwi zingapo padziko lonse lapansi. Wantchito sangayembekezeredwe kuwadziwa onse. Ngati zatsimikizika kuti sankadziwa, ndipo sakanatha kudziwa, kuti chipani chinali kasitomala, kulumikizana ndi chipani chimenecho si kuphwanya malamulo. Ndi zigawo zolembedwa bwino zaubwenzi, ndikwanzeru kulemba maubwenzi omwe akuphimbidwa. Zofunikira zovomerezeka zomwe zimagwira ntchito musanafike pamfundoyi zafotokozedwa m'nkhani yathu pa zomwe zili zoyenera mu gawo lopanda mpikisano mu 2026.
Chifukwa chiyani imelo imodzi inapangitsa kuti munthu alandire chilango cha €25,000?
Khotilo linapeza kuti kuphwanya malamulo kwa kasitomala wake kwatsimikizika. Pa 17 Julayi 2024 wina anatumiza imelo ku SQP yokhudza lamulo latsopano. Pa 1 Ogasiti 2024, wantchito wa SQP anafunsa wantchitoyo ndi mnzake mwachindunji ngati zinthu zina zidzaperekedwa tsiku lotsatira. Wantchitoyo anayankha pa 2 Ogasiti 2024.
Kudziteteza kwake kuti adangoyankha imelo yotumizidwa mkati sikunagwire ntchito: Imelo ya SQP idatumizidwa kwa iye mwachindunji, ndipo sanapereke kufotokozera kokwanira kwa uthenga wake. Chifukwa SQP adalamula ndipo wantchitoyo anali nawo muubwenzi wabizinesiyo, gawo laubwenzi linaphwanyidwa. Chilango chimodzi cha €25,000.
Ndalama zokwana €80,000 zomwe zimafunidwa tsiku lililonse kuyambira pa 17 Julayi mpaka 2 Ogasiti 2024 zinachotsedwa. Sizinawonetsedwe kuti wantchitoyo adalumikizana ndi SQP pa 17 Julayi; imeloyo idachokera kwa wina. Chifukwa chake, pa chilango cha tsiku ndi tsiku, abwana ayenera kutsimikizira padera nthawi yomwe kuphwanya malamulo kunayamba komanso nthawi yomwe kunapitilira.
Fusion Trade inanenanso kuti makasitomala ena atatu adanena pakamwa kuti wantchitoyo adalankhula nawo. Wantchitoyo adatsutsa izi ndi zifukwa ndipo palibe umboni wina woperekedwa, kotero palibe cholakwika chomwe chingapezeke pankhaniyi. Kwa olemba ntchito, phunzirolo ndi kulemba, kwa kasitomala aliyense wolankhulana naye, yemwe adapanga njira, nthawi, ndi uthenga uti, njira yamalonda yomwe idatsatira komanso udindo womwe wantchito wakale adachitapo.
Kodi kuphwanya gawo la ubale kumaphwanyanso chinsinsi?
Ayi. Fusion Trade inanena kuti kuphwanya kulikonse kwa gawo la ubale kumaphwanyanso gawo la chinsinsi, chifukwa wantchitoyo ankadziwa mayina a makasitomala, anthu olumikizana nawo komanso zofunikira. Khotilo linakana izi: izi ndi zigawo ziwiri zosiyana, ndipo palibe chomwe chimanena kuti kuphwanya chimodzi kumatanthauza kuphwanya china. Kuphwanya chinsinsi kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa payekha, posonyeza kuti chidziwitso chachinsinsi kapena chachinsinsi cha mpikisano chinagwiritsidwa ntchito, kukopedwa kapena kuwululidwa kwa anthu ena.
Kodi gawo la chinsinsi limakhudza chiyani kwenikweni?
Chigamulochi chimateteza zinsinsi zenizeni zamalonda, osati chidziwitso chaukadaulo ndi zomwe wantchito amapeza pantchito yake. Amakhalabe ndi ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitsocho ntchito ikatha. Izi zikugwirizana ndi nkhani 1 ya Dutch Trade Secrets Protection Act (Wet bescherming bedrijfsgeheimen), yomwe imafuna kuti chidziwitsocho chikhale chachinsinsi, chikhale ndi phindu la malonda chifukwa ndi chachinsinsi, ndipo chasungidwa mwachinsinsi kudzera munjira zoyenera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito LinkedIn Sales Navigator sikunali kuphwanya malamulo. Wantchitoyo adagwiritsa ntchito izi popanga mndandanda wa anthu otsogolera pa 18 Marichi 2024. Khotilo linanena kuti izi n'zokayikitsa, koma chidziwitsochi chilipo kwa aliyense amene ali ndi layisensi ndipo chifukwa chake si chidziwitso chachinsinsi cha malonda chomwe chili cha Fusion Trade. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti deta kuchokera ku database yamalonda singakhale yachinsinsi: chofunika ndi zomwe zili mkati mwake, kupezeka kwake, momwe idasonkhanitsidwira komanso zomwe maguluwo adagwirizana. Aliyense amene akufuna chinsinsi chopanda madzi ayenera kufotokoza zomwe zaphimbidwa, monga momwe tikufotokozera mu bukhu lathu la mgwirizano wosawulula.
Chifukwa chiyani chilango sichinachepe?
Malinga ndi nkhani 6:94 ya Dutch Civil Code, khothi lingachepetse chilango cha mgwirizano pokhapokha ngati chilungamo chikufunikira, ndiko kuti, pamene kugwiritsa ntchito gawoli kungapangitse kuti pakhale zotsatira zochulukirapo komanso zosavomerezeka. Khothi limayesa ubale pakati pa kutayika kwenikweni ndi chilango, mtundu wa mgwirizano, zomwe zili mkati ndi cholinga cha gawoli komanso momwe zimachitikira. Khothi linatchula chigamulo chachikulu cha Khothi Lalikulu cha pa 27 Epulo 2007 mu Intrahof/Bart Smit (ECLI:NL:HR:2007:AZ6638), chomwe chinatsimikiziridwa mu chigamulo cha pa 16 February 2018 mu Turan/Easystaff (ECLI:NL:HR:2018:207), pomwe chilango nthawi zambiri kutayika kwenikweni sikunasiyidwe konse.
Palibe kuchepetsa komwe kunatsatiridwa. Chilangocho chimagwira ntchito ngati chilimbikitso chotsatira malamulo, kotero kuti kupitirira kutayika kwenikweni sikukwanira kokha. Kuphwanya malamulowo kunaonedwa ngati kwakukulu chifukwa gawo la ubale limateteza ubwino wa olemba ntchito ndi makasitomala awo. Khotilo linaganiziranso kuti pakati pa Januwale 2022 ndi Juni 2023 wantchitoyo adalandira ndalama zokwana USD 6,705,000 mu mabhonasi ndi komishoni.
Zotsatira zake sizichitika zokha. Ngati ndalama za wantchito zili zofooka, kuphwanya malamulo kumaonekera ndipo palibe kutayika kwa ndalama zomwe zaperekedwa, makhothi ang'onoang'ono amachepetsa zilango. Zitsanzo zingapezeke ku Khoti Lalikulu la Limburg (ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2025:3973) ndi Khoti Loona za Apilo mu 's-Hertogenbosch (ECLI:NL:GHSHE:2014:6). Kodi izi zitha bwanji pamene gawo losapikisana likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo zinsinsi zamalonda zimatengedwa, zikuwonetsedwa ndi mlandu womwe khotilo linapereka chindapusa cha € 1.025 miliyoni kwa antchito atatu akale . Ubale pakati pa kutayika ndi chilango ndi wofunika, koma suli wofunikira pawokha: zochitika zonse za mlanduwo zimawerengedwa.
Kodi ndi zofunikira ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa gawo la chilango mu mgwirizano wa ntchito?
Nkhani 6:91 ya Dutch Civil Code imaona ngati gawo la chilango gawo lililonse lomwe wobwereketsa ali ndi ngongole ya ndalama ngati alephera kuchita bwino, kaya ndi malipiro kapena chilimbikitso. Pa mapangano a ntchito, zofunikira za nkhani 7:650 ya Dutch Civil Code zimagwiranso ntchito: gawoli liyenera kuvomerezedwa polemba, ndipo lamulo lomwe chilangocho chikukhudzana nalo ndi ndalamazo ziyenera kufotokozedwa molondola. Gawoli ndi lofunika kwambiri: pokhapokha ngati wantchito akulandira malipiro ocheperako kuposa omwe avomerezedwa ndi lamulo, zofunikira zina, kuphatikizapo komwe akupita ndi kuchuluka kwa chilango, zitha kuchotsedwa, kenako polemba. Kuchoka sikungatanthauzidwe kuchokera momwe maguluwo adachitira; ziyenera kuvomerezedwa momveka bwino. Nkhani 7:651 ikuwonjezera kuti olemba ntchito sangapereke chilango ndikupempha ndalama zokhudzana ndi zomwe adachita. Nkhani yathu yokhudza gawo la chilango mu mgwirizano wa ntchito ikufotokoza izi mwatsatanetsatane.
Pomaliza, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti Khoti Lalikulu limayang'ana gawo la ubale ngati gawo losapikisana malinga ndi tanthauzo la nkhani 7:653 ya Dutch Civil Code (Supreme Court, 3 Marichi 2017, ECLI:NL:HR:2017:364). Chifukwa chake, zofunikira zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito: ziyenera kuvomerezedwa polemba ndi wantchito wazaka zonse, ndipo mu mgwirizano wa nthawi yokhazikika umagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati pali chidwi chachikulu cha bizinesi chomwe chalembedwa. Izi sizinachitike apa, chifukwa mgwirizanowu unali wa nthawi yosatha.
Kodi zotsatira za mlanduwo zinali zotani?
Wantchitoyo adalamulidwa kuti alipire €25,000, kuphatikiza chiwongola dzanja chovomerezeka kuyambira pa 29 Meyi 2026, tsiku lomwe Fusion Trade idawonjezera pempho lake ndi chiwongola dzanja choyamba. Zopempha zotsalazo, zonse €505,000, ndi ndalama zosonkhanitsira zinachotsedwa. Fusion Trade idalamulidwa kuti ilipire €3,026 ngati ndalama zamilandu. Chigamulocho chidalengezedwa kuti chikugwira ntchito kwakanthawi.
Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani kwa olemba ntchito?
Chigamulochi chikutanthauzira mfundo khumi zenizeni zolembera ndi kukakamiza zigawo izi.
| Topic | Phunziro lothandiza |
|---|---|
| Chigamulo chosapikisana | Kusakhalapo kwake sikungakonzedwe ndi gawo losapempha, ubale kapena chinsinsi |
| Chigamulo chosapempha | Onetsani pa wantchito aliyense amene analankhula ndi ndani komanso ndi cholinga chotani; kusuntha pamodzi sikutsimikizira izi |
| Kulankhulana kwadongosolo | Mauthenga osowa kapena ochotsedwa amabweretsa mavuto okhudzana ndi umboni; konzani njira yovomerezeka yopezera umboni munthawi yake |
| Gawo laubwenzi | Fotokozani ubale womwe ukukhudzidwa ndipo sungani mndandanda wa makasitomala atsopano komanso odziwika bwino |
| Kulumikizana ndi kasitomala | Lembani amene anayambitsa, zomwe zinakambidwa komanso zomwe zinatsatira |
| Chinsinsi | Tchulani mwachindunji zomwe zili zachinsinsi ndipo tengani njira zodzitetezera zomveka, monga momwe Trade Secrets Protection Act imafunira |
| Zambiri zopezeka pagulu | Chidziwitso chomwe chimapezeka kudzera pa nsanja yomwe anthu ambiri angapeze si chachinsinsi chokha |
| Chilango cha tsiku ndi tsiku | Tsimikizani nthawi yomwe kuphwanya lamuloli kwachitika tsiku ndi tsiku; kuchitapo kanthu kamodzi sikungapatse chilango chopitilira |
| Kusonkhanitsa | Kuphwanya gawo la ubale sikuti kuphwanya chinsinsi chokhachokha |
| Chilango | Chongani zofunikira polemba, kufotokozera, komwe mukupita komanso kuchuluka kwake poyerekeza ndi nkhani 7:650 DCC |
| Chiganizo cha ubale ndi nkhani 7:653 DCC | Chitani gawo la ubale ngati gawo losapikisana: polemba, ndi wantchito wazaka zonse, komanso pa mapangano a nthawi yokhazikika omwe ali ndi chidwi cholembedwa cha bizinesi. |
Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani kwa antchito?
Popanda gawo losapikisana, muli ndi ufulu wolowa nawo mpikisano, kuphatikizapo nthawi imodzi ndi anzanu angapo. Gawo losapempha limaletsa izi pokhapokha mutayesa kukakamiza anzanu kuti asamuke. Gawo la ubale ndi lomwe mumakumana nalo mukuchita: kuyankha uthenga wochokera kwa kasitomala wakale sikuletsedwa, koma ngati bizinesi ikutsatira ndipo mukuchita nawo, chilangocho chimaperekedwa. Musalandire malangizo amalonda kuchokera kwa makasitomala akale a olemba ntchito anu popanda upangiri wazamalamulo, musatenge mafayilo kapena zambiri za kasitomala, ndipo ngati mukukayikira, mawu a gawo lanu awunikidwenso.
MAFUNSO OFUNSIDWA KAWIRIKAWIRI
Kodi ndingasamukire kwa mnzanga wopikisana naye limodzi ndi anzanga?
Popanda gawo losapikisana, inde. Kusamuka pamodzi si umboni wopempha ntchito. Pakhoza kukhala kuphwanya malamulo ngati mukuyesetsa mwakhama kukakamiza mnzanu kuti asiye ntchito ndikulowa nawo ntchito yanu yatsopano.
Kodi ndi liti pamene ndimaphwanya lamulo loletsa kupempha?
Zimenezo zimadalira mawu omwe anagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pankhaniyi, pankafunika kuchitapo kanthu, pomwe munthu mmodzi amayesa kukakamiza wina kuti asiye ntchito n’kuyamba ntchito kwina, ndipo munthu aliyense ayenera kumveka bwino kuti ndani analankhula ndi ndani.
Kodi kulankhulana ndi kasitomala wakale n'koletsedwa?
Osati pa tanthauzo lomwe laperekedwa pankhaniyi. Chomwe chinali choletsedwa chinali kupempha kasitomala ndikuchita ubale wamalonda, osati kulumikizana monga choncho.
Kodi pali chifukwa choti ndani amene anayamba kulankhulana naye?
Ayi. Ngakhale kasitomala atakuyandikirani, zomwe zikutsatirazi zitha kukhala kupempha kapena kulowa muubwenzi wamalonda.
Kodi gawo la ubale limakhudza makasitomala onse a abwana anga?
Sizofunikira kwenikweni. Ndi makasitomala ambiri, wantchito sangayembekezeredwe kudziwa ubale uliwonse. Ngati simunadziwe, ndipo simunadziwe, kuti gulu lina ndi kasitomala, zimenezo ndizofunikira pakuwunika.
Kodi zambiri kuchokera ku LinkedIn Sales navigator nthawi zonse zimakhala zaulere kugwiritsa ntchito?
Ayi. Pankhaniyi, chidziwitsocho chinali chopezeka kwa aliyense amene ali ndi layisensi ndipo motero sichinali chinsinsi cha malonda. Kuwunika kumeneko kumadalira mtundu ndi kupezeka kwa chidziwitsocho komanso zomwe magulu awiriwa adagwirizana.
Kodi chilango cha €25,000 chingachepetsedwe?
Pokhapokha ngati kugwiritsa ntchito chiganizo cha chilango kungabweretse zotsatira zoonekeratu kuti ndi zopitirira muyeso komanso zosavomerezeka. Kungoti chilangocho chapitirira kutayika sikokwanira.
Kodi chotengera chachikulu ndi chiyani?
Mfundo ya chigamulochi si yakuti gawo la ubale limaposa gawo losakhala lopempha. Ndi yakuti gawo lililonse liyenera kutanthauziridwa ndi kutsimikiziridwa padera. Kusuntha pamodzi ndi kochepa kwambiri pa gawo losakhala lopempha. Chigwirizano chimodzi chenicheni chamalonda ndi chokwanira pa gawo la ubale, ngakhale pamene kasitomala adayesa njira yoyamba. Ndipo kuti pakhale chinsinsi, pamafunika umboni wodziyimira pawokha wosonyeza kuti chinsinsi chinagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kuwululidwa.
Kodi muli ndi mafunso okhudza gawo la ubale, gawo losapempha, gawo la chinsinsi kapena chilango cha pangano? Musazengereze kutero. kukhudzana ndi lamulo lantchito maloya ku Law & More.
Wolemba: Michelle Marjanovic, loya wa zamalamulo pantchito ku Law & More
Chitsime: Khoti Lalikulu la Amsterdam (khoti lachigawo chaching'ono) 4 Ogasiti 2026, ECLI:NL:RBAMS:2026:8591, nambala ya mlandu 12121989 / CV EXPL 26-3003
