Kodi chisankho ndi chiyani ndipo ndi liti pamene mungapereke chitsutso?
Chisankho (besluit) ndi chisankho cholembedwa ndi bungwe loyang'anira lomwe lili ndi mphamvu zalamulo, monga chilolezo, chindapusa kapena chisankho cha phindu (Nkhani 1:3 ya General Administrative Law Act (Awb)). Potsutsana ndi zisankho zambiri, choyamba mumapereka chitsutso (bezwaar) kwa bungwe loyang'anira lomwe linapanga chisankhocho.
Maboma si okhawo omwe ali ndi ulamuliro (bestuursorganen). Nduna, mabungwe amadzi, UWV, Utumiki Wosamukira ndi Kupereka Chidziwitso (IND) ndi oyang'anira odziyimira pawokha nawonso amatenga zisankho zomwe mungatsutse. Loya wa malamulo oyendetsera ntchito amayamba wafufuza ngati pali chisankho ndipo ndani ali ndi luso.
Malamulo oyendetsera ntchito amalamulira ubale pakati pa nzika, mabizinesi ndi boma, ndipo amamanga akuluakulu oyendetsera ntchito ku malamulo osamalira bwino komanso oganiza bwino. Maziko ake ndi General Administrative Law Act (Awb). Malamulo enaake amagwiranso ntchito, monga Environment and Planning Act (Omgevingswet), Participatiewet Act (Participatiewet) ndi Alcoholwet Act (Alcoholwet). Munthu wokonda ntchito yekha (belanghebbende) ndi amene angatsutse: chidwi chanu chiyenera kukhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi chisankhocho (Nkhani 1:2 ya Awb).
Kodi muyenera kupereka chitsutso kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Nthawi yotsutsa ndi milungu isanu ndi umodzi (Nkhani 6:7 ya Awb). Nthawiyi imayamba tsiku lotsatira chigamulocho chitalengezedwa (Nkhani 6:8 ya Awb).
Akuluakulu oyang'anira alengeza chidziwitso cha kutsutsa chomwe chafika mochedwa chosaloledwa (niet-ontvankelijk), pokhapokha ngati kutumizidwa mochedwa kuli kovomerezeka. Chidziwitso cha kutsutsa chiyenera kukhala ndi dzina lanu ndi adilesi yanu, tsiku, kufotokozera chisankhocho ndi zifukwa za kutsutsa (Nkhani 6:5 ya Awb). Ngati simungathe kufotokoza zifukwazo panthawi yake, mutha kupereka chidziwitso cha pro forma cha kutsutsa ndikuwonjezera zifukwazo pambuyo pake. Mu njira yotsutsa, kwenikweni muli ndi ufulu womvedwa (Nkhani 7:2 ya Awb).
Akuluakulu oyang'anira amasankha mkati mwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi pambuyo poti nthawi yotsutsa yatha, kapena mkati mwa milungu khumi ndi iwiri ngati komiti yolangiza yakhazikitsidwa (Nkhani 7:10 ya Awb). Nthawi imeneyo ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ndi milungu isanu ndi umodzi. Ngati chigamulocho chachotsedwa chifukwa sichinali chovomerezeka, mutha kupempha kuti mubwezeredwe ndalama za loya wanu (Nkhani 7:15 ya Awb).
Kodi apilo ndi apilo ina imagwira ntchito bwanji kukhoti loyang'anira?
Mungathe kuchita apilo (beroep) motsutsana ndi chigamulo chotsutsa ku khoti lachigawo mkati mwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi. Pambuyo pake, nthawi zambiri apilo ina (hoger beroep) imakhala mkati mwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi ku imodzi mwa makhoti atatu akuluakulu oyang'anira.
Ku khoti lachigawo, khoti loyang'anira milandu limamvera mlandu wanu. Mumapereka chidziwitso cha apilo ndikulipira ndalama za khoti (griffierecht). Akuluakulu aboma amatumiza zikalata zawo za mlandu, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumvetsera mlandu kumatsatira. Mu malamulo aboma, loya si wokakamiza, koma khoti loyang'anira milandu limagwiritsa ntchito nthawi ndi malamulo a kayendetsedwe ka milandu mosamala. Loya woyang'anira milandu amaonetsetsa kuti zifukwa zanu zochitira apilo zimaperekedwa mokwanira komanso panthawi yake. Mu milandu ya apilo timafunanso ndalama zolipirira milandu ngati khoti loyang'anira milandu likuweruza mokomera inu.
| Khoti lalikulu kwambiri loyang'anira | Mtundu wa milandu |
|---|---|
| Administrative Jurisdiction Division of the Council of State (Afdeling bestuursrechtspraak van de Raad van State) | milandu yambiri, monga lamulo la zachilengedwe ndi mapulani, malamulo okakamiza, Woo, Bibob ndi lamulo la osamukira kudziko lina |
| Khoti Lalikulu la Apilo (Centrale Raad van Beroep, CRvB) | malamulo a chitetezo cha anthu, monga maubwino ochokera ku UWV ndi boma, ndi milandu yautumiki wa boma |
| Khoti Lakudandaula za Zamalonda ndi Zamakampani (College van Beroep voor het bedrijfsleven, CBb) | malamulo okhudza kayendetsedwe ka chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi zachuma, monga zisankho za ACM ndi milandu ina yaulimi ndi ndalama zothandizira |
Pa zisankho zina mumadutsa njira yotsutsa. Ngati njira yowonjezera (Gawo 3.4 la Awb) ikugwira ntchito, choyamba mumapereka lingaliro (zienswijze). Kenako mumapereka apilo mwachindunji. Apilo yotsutsana ndi dongosolo la zachilengedwe (omgevingsplan) ili mwachindunji ku Dipatimenti Yoyang'anira Malamulo.
Kodi mumapempha liti kuti mugwiritse ntchito njira yokhazikika?
Kutsutsa ndi apilo sizimaletsa zotsatira za chisankho (Nkhani 6:16 ya Awb). Ngati mukufuna kuletsa chisankho kuti chisagwiritsidwe ntchito kale, mupempha woweruza woyambirira kuti akupatseni njira yokhazikika (voorlopige voorziening) (Nkhani 8:81 ya Awb).
Njira yofulumirayi ndi yotheka pokhapokha ngati mwaperekanso chitsutso kapena apilo. Muyeneranso kukhala ndi chidwi chofulumira, mwachitsanzo chifukwa chilango chatsala pang'ono kuyamba kapena bizinesi yanu iyenera kutsekedwa. Nthawi zambiri kumvetsera nkhani kumachitika mkati mwa milungu ingapo.
Kodi loya wa zamalamulo wotsogolera amathandiza bwanji pa malamulo okhudza zachilengedwe ndi mapulani komanso Environment and Planning Act?
Lamulo la Zachilengedwe ndi Kukonzekera lakhala likugwira ntchito kuyambira pa 1 Januwale 2024. Pakumanga, kukonzanso ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malo okhala, mumapempha chilolezo choteteza zachilengedwe (omgevingsvergunning). Dongosolo lazachilengedwe la boma limalowa m'malo mwa mapulani akale okonzera malo (bestemmingsplannen).
Kuyambira tsiku limenelo, mapulani omwe alipo kale a malo ndi gawo la dongosolo lakanthawi la zachilengedwe la boma. Njira yokhazikika imagwira ntchito pa zilolezo zambiri zachilengedwe. Kenako boma limasankha mkati mwa milungu isanu ndi itatu, ndi kuwonjezera kamodzi kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi (Nkhani 16.64 ya Environment and Planning Act). Pansi pa ndondomeko yowonjezera nthawi yosankha ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Mu lamulo la zachilengedwe ndi mapulani, zofuna za anansi ndi anthu am'deralo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi gawo, ndipo amatha kutsutsa chilolezo chomwe chaperekedwa. Ngati chilolezo chanu chakanidwa, timayesa ngati kukanako kukugwirizana ndi dongosolo la zachilengedwe ndi malamulo okhudza kupotoza.
Lamulo la zachilengedwe ndi mapulani silimangokhudza kumanga nyumba. Malo, zipilala, zachilengedwe ndi kudula mitengo nazonso zili pansi pa lamuloli. Timalangiza onse ofunsira zilolezo zachilengedwe komanso anthu am'deralo omwe akufuna kutsutsa chilolezocho. Mu lamulo la zachilengedwe ndi mapulani, maganizo kapena kutsutsa nthawi zambiri ndiye mwayi wokha wopereka mfundo zanu pakapita nthawi.
Kodi mungachite chiyani motsutsana ndi chindapusa chokakamiza malamulo ndi cha oyang'anira?
Kudzera mu kukakamiza (kugwiritsira ntchito manja) boma limakakamiza kutsatira malamulo. Zida zazikulu ndi lamulo lomwe liyenera kulipidwa chilango, lamulo lokakamiza malamulo ndi chindapusa cha oyang'anira.
- Lamulo loperekedwa ndi chilango (chomaliza choperekedwa): muyenera kuthetsa kuphwanya malamulo mkati mwa nthawi yoikika, apo ayi mudzataya ndalama (Nkhani 5:31d ya Awb).
- Lamulo lokakamiza oyang'anira (lomaliza pa nkhani yomaliza): boma limakonza kuphwanya malamuloko palokha, mwachitsanzo pochotsa dongosolo. Limabwezera ndalama zomwe munawononga (Nkhani 5:21 ndi 5:25 za Awb).
- Chindapusa cha ulamuliro (bestuurlijke boete): chilango cha ndalama, choperekedwa ndi akuluakulu oyang'anira kapena woyang'anira (Nkhani 5:40 ya Awb).
Akuluakulu oyang'anira ayenera kuchitapo kanthu akakhazikitsa lamulo lophwanya malamulo. Ngakhale zili choncho, chigamulo chilichonse chokhazikitsa lamulo chiyenera kukhala chogwirizana. Loya wanu wa zamalamulo amafufuza ngati lamulolo lakhazikitsidwa, ngati nthawi yotsatira lamuloli (begunstigingstermijn) ndi yoyenera komanso ngati pali chiyembekezo choti lamuloli livomerezedwe. Meya akhozanso kutseka nyumba kapena malo motsatira Nkhani 13b ya Opium Act (Opiumwet) ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo apezeka pamenepo.
Nanga bwanji ngati chilolezo chanu chakanidwa pambuyo pa kafukufuku wa Bibob?
Malinga ndi lamulo la Bibob Act (Wet Bibob), akuluakulu oyang'anira akhoza kukana kapena kuchotsa chilolezo. Zimenezi n'zotheka ngati pali chiopsezo chakuti chilolezocho chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchita milandu yaupandu. Akuluakulu oyang'anira angathe kupempha upangiri ku National Bibob Office (Landelijk Bureau Bibob) pankhaniyi.
Izi zimachitika makamaka ndi zilolezo zochereza alendo, zogwirira ntchito ndi zochitika komanso ndi ndalama zothandizira. Musanakane, nthawi zambiri mumapatsidwa mwayi wopereka maganizo anu. Gawo limenelo ndilofunika: apa ndi pomwe mungatsutse mfundo zolakwika kapena zakale.
Ndi njira zina ziti za malamulo oyendetsera ntchito zomwe timachita?
Kuwonjezera pa zilolezo ndi kukakamiza malamulo, loya wa malamulo a boma amakuthandizani pa njira zoyendetsera malamulo monga zotsatirazi.
- Ndalama zothandizira. Ndalama zothandizira zitha kukhazikitsidwa pa ndalama zochepa kapena kubwezedwa ngati zinthu sizinakwaniritsidwe (Mutu 4.2 wa Awb). Timayesa ngati boma lili ndi maziko oyenera alamulo pa izi.
- Mapempho a Woo. Bungwe loyang'anira liyenera kusankha pempho motsatira lamulo la Open Government Act (Wet open overheid, Woo) mkati mwa milungu inayi, ndi nthawi yowonjezera milungu iwiri (Nkhani 4.4 ya Open Government Act).
- Malipiro a kutayika (nadeelcompensatie). Ngati mutataya chifukwa cha chisankho chovomerezeka, mutha kupempha kulipidwa chifukwa cha kutayika komwe kuli pamwamba pa chiopsezo cha anthu (Nkhani 4:126 ya Awb). Malinga ndi Environment and Planning Act, izi zilowa m'malo mwa dongosolo lakale la kutayika kwa mapulani (planschade).
- Lamulo la chitetezo cha anthu. Timachita zotsutsa ndi apilo motsutsana ndi zisankho za UWV ndi boma, mwachitsanzo zokhudzana ndi ulova (WW), kulephera kugwira ntchito (WIA) kapena phindu la chithandizo cha anthu. Apilo ina apa ikupita ku Khoti Lalikulu la Apilo.
Kodi mungatani ngati boma silingasankhe pa nthawi yake?
Ngati bungwe loyang'anira silisankha mkati mwa nthawi yovomerezeka ndi lamulo, mutha kulidziwitsa mwa kulemba za kusachita bwino. Pambuyo pa milungu iwiri bungwe loyang'anira lidzataya chilango cha €1,442 (Nkhani 4:17 ya Awb). Kenako muthanso kuchita apilo ku khothi lachigawo (Nkhani 6:12 ya Awb).
Chilango cha kulephera kusankha pa nthawi yake sichigwira ntchito pa zisankho zonse, mwachitsanzo osati pa pempho la Woo. Pankhaniyi khothi likhoza, pa apilo, kukhazikitsa nthawi yoikika ndikupereka chilango chokha.
Kodi mayeso a kuyerekeza amatanthauza chiyani pa mlandu wanu?
Chigamulo sichingakhale ndi zotsatirapo kwa inu zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi cholinga cha chisankhocho (Nkhani 3:4(2) ya Awb). Kuyambira pomwe chigamulo cha Administrative Jurisdiction Division cha pa 2 February 2022 chinaperekedwa, khothi loyang'anira lakhala likuwunikanso izi mozama.
Khotilo limaganizira ngati muyesowo ndi woyenera, wofunikira komanso wolinganiza. Zimenezo zimapereka mwayi wokhala ndi miyeso yokhwima, monga kutseka bizinesi kapena kuchotsa chilolezo. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kufotokoza zomwe zikuchitika pamoyo wanu makamaka pagawo lotsutsa.
Kodi vuto ndi chiyani Law & More pitirizani?
Nkhani imapitirira m'magawo anayi: kulandira uphungu, upangiri, upangiri, ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira, milandu ku khoti loyang'anira. Pa gawo lililonse timakambirana pasadakhale zomwe tidzachita komanso mtengo wake.
- Kulandira alendo. Pa msonkhano wotsegulira waulere, timakambirana za chisankhocho ndi nthawi yomwe ikutha. Timayesa udindo wanu wazamalamulo ndikupempha zikalata zoyenera.
- Upangiri. Tikukulangizani za mwayi wanu ndi zoopsa zanu, mu Chidatchi kapena Chingerezi. Ngati pakufunika, nthawi yomweyo timatumiza chidziwitso chotsutsa kuti titeteze nthawi yotsalayo.
- Kukambirana. Timakambirana ndi boma, chigawo kapena bungwe lina la boma. Nthawi zina msonkhano kapena msonkhano umatsogolera ku chisankho chatsopano popanda zochitika.
- Milandu. Ngati zimenezo sizikugwira ntchito, tikuyimirani pa apilo ku khoti la chigawo, pa milandu yokhazikika komanso pa apilo ina.
Kodi mungawerenge zambiri kuti?
Mutha kupeza zonse za General Administrative Law Act pa wetten.overheid.nl . Mutha kuwona ngati mukuyenerera thandizo la zamalamulo ndi Juridisch Loket (Legal Services Counter).
