Kugwiritsa ntchito bankirapuse ndi chida champhamvu chopeza ngongole. Ngati wobwereketsa samalipira ndipo zomwe sanatsutsane sizinatsutsidwe, pempho la bankirapuse nthawi zambiri limatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti lipeze ndalama mwachangu komanso zotsika mtengo. Pempho la kubweza banki litha kutumizidwa ndi wopemphayo kapena pempho la m'modzi kapena angapo obwereketsa. Ngati pali zifukwa zosangalatsira anthu, Ofesi Yoyimira Milandu Yanthu Ikhoza kuperekanso bankirapuse.
Kodi nchifukwa ninji munthu amene amakongoletsa fayilo amatumiza ndalama kubanki?
Ngati wobwereketsa wanu alephera kulipira ndipo sizikuwoneka ngati kuti invoice yolipiridwa iperekedwa, mutha kulembetsa kuti bankirapuse yanu ithe. Izi zimawonjezera mwayi kuti ngongoleyo (mwina) iperekedwe. Kupatula apo, kampani yomwe ili pamavuto azachuma nthawi zambiri imakhala ikakhala ndi ndalama, mwachitsanzo, ndalama ndi malo. Pakakhala bankirapuse, zonsezi zidzagulitsidwa kuti ndalama zitheke kulipira ma invoice omwe adalipo kale. Pempho la kubweza ngongole la amene ali ndi ngongole limayendetsedwa ndi loya. Woyimira milandu ayenera kufunsa khothi kuti lidziwitse kuti wamanga ngongole wanu. Woyimira milandu wanu amapereka izi ndi pempho la bankirapuse. Nthawi zambiri, woweruzayo amaweruza kukhothi molunjika ngati wamangawa wanu akuti wabweza.
Mumakonda liti?
Mutha kuyimba kuti bankirapuse ngati amene muli naye ngongole:
- Ali ndi ngongole ziwiri kapena zingapo, 2 zomwe zimadziwika (nthawi yolipira idatha);
- Ali ndi 2 kapena kupitilira ngongole; ndi
- Mulimonse momwe iye wasiyira kulipira.
Funso lomwe mumakonda kumamva ndikuti ngati ntchito yofunsira bankirapuse imafuna wopitilira umodzi. Yankho ndi lakuti ayi. Wobwereketsa mmodzi atha kutsatira fkapena kuchepa kwa mangawa. Komabe, bankirapuse imatha analengeza ndi khothi ngati pali ambiri obwereketsa. Okongoletsa awa sikuyenera kuti akhale ofuna kulembetsa nawo. Ngati wochita bizinesi adzalembetsa bankirapuse yake, ndikwanira kutsimikizira pokonza kuti pali angongole angapo. Timazitcha kuti 'zofunikira zambiri'. Izi zitha kuchitika ndi mawu othandizira ena omwe adabweza ngongole, kapenanso ndi chidziwitso cha wobwereketsa kuti sangathenso kulipira omwe adamupatsa ngongole. Chifukwa chake wofunsayo ayenera kukhala ndi 'zothandizira pakuthandizira' kuphatikiza pazomwe akufuna. Khothi liziwonetsa izi mwachidule komanso mwachidule.
Kutalika kwa zochitika zakumabanki
Kwakukulukulu, khothi lanyumba yamilandu yopanda bankirapuse imachitika mkati mwa masabata 6 kupempha kuti aperekedwe. Lingaliro limatsata pakumvera kapena posachedwa pambuyo pake. Pakumvetsera, maphwando amatha kuloledwa mpaka masabata 8.
Mtengo wazowonongera
Pazochitika izi mumalipira makhothi kukhothi kuwonjezera pa mtengo wa loya.
Kodi njira yofikira ndalama imayamba bwanji?
Milandu ya bankirapuse imayamba ndikulemba pempho la bankirapuse. Woyimira milandu wanu akuyambitsa ndondomekoyi mwa kupereka pempho ku khothi kuti mupemphe omwe akukongola wanu akuti wabweza monga bankrupt m'malo mwanu. Ndinu wopemphapempha.
Pempho liyenera kuperekedwa kubwalo lamilandu komwe wobwereketsa alamulidwa. Kuti mulembetse kuti bankirapuse ngati wokongola, wokongoza ngongole ayenera kuyitanidwa kangapo ndipo pamapeto pake alengezedwe kukhala osakwaniritsidwa.
Kuyitanira ku makutu
Pakupita milungu yochepa, loya wanu adzaitanidwa ndi khothi kuti likamvere nawo mlanduwu. Chidziwitsochi chidzanena nthawi yanji komanso kuti kumvetsera kudzachitika. Wokongoza wanu adzadziwitsidwa.
Kodi wobwereketsa sagwirizana ndi zomwe apolisi amafunsa? Amatha kuyankha polemba kumbuyo kapena podziteteza pakamwa pomvera.
Kumva
Sichikakamizo kuti wobwereketsa azimvetsera, koma amalimbikitsidwa. Ngati ngongole siziwoneka, akhoza kulembedwa kuti sangasungire ndalama mwachilungamo.
Inu ndi / kapena loya wanu muyenera kuwonekera pamlanduwu. Ngati palibe yemwe akuwonekera pakumvera pempho akhoza kukanidwa ndi woweruza. Khotilo silikhala pagulu ndipo woweruza amapanga chisankho chake pakumvetsera. Ngati izi sizingatheke, chisankhochi chidzatsatira posachedwa, nthawi zambiri mkati mwa sabata limodzi kapena awiri. Lamuloli lidzatumizidwa kwa inu ndi wokongoza, komanso kwa oweruza omwe akukhudzidwa.
kukanidwa
Ngati ngati ndinu wokongola, simukugwirizana ndi makhothi omwe akukana chigamulo, mutha kukhazikitsa apilo.
Kugawidwa
Khothi litapereka pempholi ndikupempha wobwereketsa kuti ali ndi ngongole, amene ali ndi ngongole atha kukachita apilo. Ngati wobwereketsa apempha, kusowa ndalama kumachitika. Zogwirizana ndi khothi:
- Wobwereketsa nthawi yomweyo amakhala wopanda ntchito;
- Woweruza amasankha wothirira madzi; ndi
- Woweruza amasankha woweruza woyang'anira.
Pambuyo pobweretsa ndalama kubanki, munthu wa (mwalamulo) yemwe walembedwa kuti ali banki ataya kutaya ndi kuyendetsa katunduyo ndipo adzayesedwe wosavomerezeka. Wokolola ndiye yekhayo amene amaloledwa kuchitapo kanthu kuyambira pano. Wobwezeretsa adzakhala m'malo mwa bankrupt (munthuyo alengeza kuti ndi bankrupt), azitha kusungitsa ndalama zabanki zomwe zingawonongeke komanso asamalire zofuna za omwe angongole. Pakakhala mabanki akulu akulu, opimira madzi angapo amatha kusankhidwa. Pazinthu zina, wololera ayenera kupempha chilolezo kwa woweruza wowayang'anira, mwachitsanzo ngati kuchotsedwa kwa ogwira ntchito ndikugulitsa zotsatira zanyumba kapena katundu.
M'malo mwake, ndalama zilizonse zomwe wamangawa amalandila zikawonongeka, ziziwonjezedwa kuzinthuzo. Mwachizoloŵezi, wogulitsa ngongole amachita izi mogwirizana ndi wobwereketsa. Ngati munthu wamba akuti wabweza ndalama, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi bankirapuse ndi zomwe sizili. Zofunikira zoyambirira komanso gawo la ndalama, mwachitsanzo, siziphatikizidwa ndi bankirapuse. Wobwereketsa amathanso kuchita zovomerezeka; koma katundu wa bankirapowo sali womangidwa ndi izi. Kuphatikiza apo, wothandizirayo atulutsa chigamulo cha khothi poyera polembetsa ku bankirapuse ndi Chamber of Commerce, ndikuyika zotsatsa munyuzipepala yadziko lonse. Olembetsa za bankirapuse adzalembetsa chigamulochi ku Central Insolvency Register (CIR) ndikuchisindikiza mu Government Gazette. Izi zimapangidwa kuti apatse mwayi kwa omwe angongole nawo mwayi wofotokozera wosungitsayo ndikupereka zomwe akufuna.
Ntchito ya woweruza wowongolera pamilandu iyi ndikuwunika momwe kayendetsedwe kazinthu zantchito yolowerera ndi zochita za wothirira. Potengera woweruza wowongolera, khothi likhoza kulamula kuti lilande bankrupt. Woweruza angathenso kuyitanitsa ndi kumva mboni. Pamodzi ndi wofukizira, woweruza amakonzekeretsa misonkhano yomwe amati ndi yotsimikizira, pomwe azikhala ngati tcheyamani. Misonkhano yotsimikizika imachitika ku khothi ndipo ndi chochitika chomwe mndandanda wa ngongole womwe umakonzedwa ndi wobwereketsa, ukhazikitsidwa.
Kodi chumacho chidzagawidwa bwanji?
Wobwereketsa amatanthauzira dongosolo momwe angongole azilandira: dongosolo la chiwongolero cha omwe abweza ngongole. Mulinso wamkulu motani, ndipamenenso mwayi woti mulandidwe monga wokongoza. Dongosolo la masanjidwewo limatengera mtundu wa ngongole omwe mukufuna kubwezera.
Choyamba, momwe zingathere, ngongole za katundu zidzalipidwa. Izi zikuphatikiza malipiro a wobwereketsa, lendi ndi malipiro atatha bankirapuse. Ndalama zotsalirazo, zimapita kuzinthu zamtengo wapatali, kuphatikizapo misonkho yaboma ndi zolowa. Zotsalira zilizonse zimapita kwa osatetezedwa ("wamba") omwe adalandira ngongole. Omwe adatchulapo kale amalipidwa, kupumula kulikonse kumapita kwa omwe adapereka ngongole. Ngati pakadali ndalama zotsalira, zimaperekedwa kwa omwe akugawana nawo ngati akukhudza NV kapena BV. Pakutha kwa munthu wachilengedwe, otsalawo amapita ku bankirapuse. Komabe, izi ndizapadera. Nthawi zambiri, sizikhala zotsalira za omwe adatetezedwa osatengera bankirapuse.
Kupatula: olekanitsa
Omwe amadzipatula ngongole ndi:
- Lamulo lanyumba:
Bizinesi kapena malo okhalamo ndi okhazikika panyumba ndipo wopereka ngongoleyo atha kubera ngongole yanyumba ngati sakulipiritsa.
- Ufulu wa lonjezo:
Banki yapereka chiwongola dzanja kuti ngati palibe ndalama zomwe zalandidwa, ili ndi ufulu wolonjeza, mwachitsanzo, pamndandanda wazamalonda kapena sitoko.
Zomwe akuti akufuna kudzipatula (zomwe mawuwo amatanthauza kale) zimasiyanitsidwa ndi bankirapuse ndipo zitha kudzinenedwa nthawi yomweyo, osangoyamba kudzinenera kuti wapanga ndalama. Komabe, wofukizira angapemphe wopatukana kuti adikire nthawi yoyenera.
Zotsatira
Kwa inu monga wokongoza, chisankho cha khothi chili ndi zotsatirazi:
- Simungathe kulanda nokha ngongole
- Inu kapena loya wanu mupereka zonena zanu ndi umboni waumboni kwa wofukizira
- Pamsonkhano wotsimikizira, mndandanda womaliza wa zolemba udzajambulidwa
- Mumalipira molingana ndi mndandanda wa ngongole za liquidator
- Ngongole yotsala ikhoza kusungidwa pambuyo pobweza
Ngati wokongoza ngongole ndi munthu wachilengedwe, nthawi zina zimachitika kuti pambuyo pobweza, wokongoza ngongoleyo atumiza pemphelo ku khothi kuti lisinthe ndalama zake kuti zikhale ndalama.
Kwa amene ali ndi ngongole, chigamulo cha khothi chili ndi zotsatirazi:
- Kulanda chuma chonse (kupatula zofunikira)
- Wobweza amataya kasamalidwe ndi kutaya chuma chake
- Kulemberana makalata kumapita mwachindunji kwa wotulutsa madzi
Kodi njira zamabanki zimatha bwanji?
Bankirapuse ikhoza kutha motere:
- Milandu chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zinthu: Ngati palibe zinthu zokwanira kulipira ngongole zina kupatula ngongole zanyumba, bankiratayo idzathetsedwa chifukwa chosowa katundu.
- Kuchotsa chifukwa cha kukongoletsa ndi omwe angongolere: Wosungirako banki atha kupereka lingaliro limodzi kwaomwe angongole. Lingaliro lotere limatanthawuza kuti bankirayo imalipira gawo limodzi mwa zomwe amafuna, zomwe amamasulidwa nazo ngongole zake zonse.
- Kuletsa chifukwa chogwirizanitsa mndandanda womaliza wogawa: ndipamene chuma sichikhala ndi kuchuluka kokwanira kugawa okongoza omwe sanatetezedwe, koma omwe amabweretsa ngongole patsogolo akhoza kulipidwa (mwa gawo).
- Kutsimikiza kwa khothi kugamula malinga ndi chigamulo cha Khothi Loweruza
- Kuchotsa pempho la bankirapamtunda ndipo panthawi yomweyo kulengeza momwe ntchito yobwezeretsanso ngongoleyo idzakhalire.
Chonde dziwani: Munthu wachibadwidwe amathanso kumangidwanso kumangongole, ngakhale banki itatha. Msonkhano wotsimikizira ukachitika, lamulolo limapereka mwayi pakuchitika, chifukwa lipoti la msonkhano wotsimikizirani limakupatsirani ufulu wa mutu wakupha womwe ukhoza kutsimikiziridwa. Zikatero, simufunikiranso kuweruza kuti mupereke lamulo. Zachidziwikire, funso likadalipo; zingapezekebe pambuyo poti bankirapuse?
Chimachitika ndi chiani ngati wokongoza ngongole sagwirizana panthawi yakubweza?
Wokongolayo akuyenera kuti agwirizane ndikupatsa womwimitsayo zonse zofunika. Izi ndizomwe zimatchedwa 'udindo wodziwitsa'. Wogulitsa katundu akulepheretsedwa, atha kutenga nawo mbali monga kufunsidwa ngati bankirapuse kapena kulowa m'ndende. Ngati wobwereketsa adachitapo kanthu asanalengeze kuti bankirapuse, chifukwa chomwe omwe adalemba ngongole ali ndi mwayi wochepa wobwezera ngongole, wozungulirayo atha kusintha izi ('bankruptcypauliana'). Izi zikuyenera kukhala zalamulo zomwe wobwereketsa (yemwe adasokonekera pambuyo pake) adachita popanda kukakamizidwa, asanalengeze kuti bankirapuse, ndipo pochita izi wobwerekedwayo adadziwa kapena adayenera kudziwa kuti izi zitha kubweretsanso ngongole kwa omwe adamupatsa ngongole.
Pankhani yovomerezeka, ngati wofukizirayo apeza umboni wosonyeza kuti otsogolera agwiritsa ntchito molakwika bungwe lovomerezeka, akhoza kukhala kuti ali ndi mlandu wokha. Komanso, za izi mutha kuwerenga m'mabuku athu akale: Mavuto a oyang'anira ku The Netherlands.
Lumikizanani
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