General Control Protection Regulation
Pa 25th ya Meyi, General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) iyamba kugwira ntchito. Ndikukhazikitsa kwa GDPR, kuteteza zidziwitso zanu kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri. Makampani amayenera kuwerengera malamulo okhwima kwambiri pankhani yoteteza deta. Komabe, mafunso osiyanasiyana amabwera chifukwa chokhazikitsa GDPR. Kwa makampani, mwina sizingadziwike kuti ndi ziti zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndizachinsinsi ndipo zimakhala pansi pa gawo la GDPR. Izi ndizomwe zimachitika ndi ma adilesi amaimelo: kodi adilesi ya imelo imawonedwa ngati chidziwitso chaumwini? Kodi makampani omwe amagwiritsa ntchito maimelo amatengera GDPR? Mafunso awa ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.
Deta yanu
Kuti muyankhe funso ngati imelo imawonedwa kuti ndiyachidziwitso chaumwini, mawu akuti zomwe mukufuna kudziwa amafunika kutanthauziridwa. Mawuwa amafotokozedwa mu GDPR. Kutengera ndi gawo 4 la GDPR, zidziwitso zanu zimatanthauza chilichonse chokhudza munthu wachilengedwe yemwe amadziwika kapena wodziwika. Munthu wachilengedwe wodziwika ndi munthu yemwe angadziwike, mwachindunji kapena m'njira zina, makamaka potchula dzina monga dzina, nambala yodziwitsa, malo okhalapo kapena chizindikiritso chapaintaneti. Zambiri zimakamba za anthu achilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, zambiri zokhudzana ndi anthu omwe adamwalira kapena mabungwe azovomerezeka sizimawerengedwa kuti ndiwanthu.
Imelo adilesi
Tsopano popeza tanthauzo la zidziwitso zaumwini latsimikizika, liyenera kutsimikiziridwa ngati imelo imawonedwa kuti ndiyachinsinsi. Malamulo amilandu achi Dutch akuwonetsa kuti ma adilesi amatha kukhala zidziwitso zaumwini, koma sizikhala choncho nthawi zonse. Zimadalira kuti munthu wachilengedwe atulutsidwe kapena ayi. [1] Momwe anthu adasankhira ma imelo awo amayenera kuwerengedwa kuti adziwe ngati imelo angaoneke ngati chidziwitso chaumwini kapena ayi. Anthu achilengedwe ambiri amapanga maimelo awo mwanjira yoti adilesiyo iwonedwe ngati chidziwitso chawo. Izi ndizochitika ngati imelo idapangidwa motere: firstname.lastname@gmail.com. Imeloyi imavumbula dzina loyambirira ndi lotsiriza la munthu wachilengedwe yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito adilesiyi. Chifukwa chake, munthuyu amatha kudziwika potengera imelo iyi. Ma adilesi amaimelo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita bizinesi amathanso kukhala ndi zambiri zazinsinsi. Izi ndizomwe zimachitika adilesi ya imelo motere: initials.lastname@nameofcompany.com. Kuchokera ku imeloyi kungatengeke zomwe oyambitsa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito imelo ali, dzina lake lomaliza ndi komwe munthuyu amagwirira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, munthu amene akugwiritsa ntchito imeloyu amadziwika ngati imelo imelo.
Adilesi ya imelo siimasankhidwa ngati chinsinsi chake pomwe palibe munthu wachilengedwe yemwe angadziwike. Umu ndi momwe maimelo otsatirawa amagwiritsidwira ntchito: puppy12@hotmail.com. Imelo iyi ilibe chilichonse chomwe munthu wachilengedwe angazindikiridwe. Maadiresi amaimelo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makampani, monga info@nameofcompany.com, samawerengedwanso kuti ndiwanthu. Imelo iyi ilibe chilichonse chazomwe munthu wachilengedwe angadziwike. Kuphatikiza apo, imelo sigwiritsidwa ntchito ndi munthu wachilengedwe, koma ndi bungwe lovomerezeka. Chifukwa chake, sichimatengedwa ngati chidziwitso chaumwini. Kuchokera pamilandu yamilandu yaku Dutch titha kunena kuti ma adilesi amatha kukhala zidziwitso zaumwini, koma sizikhala choncho nthawi zonse; zimatengera kapangidwe ka imelo.
Pali mwayi waukulu kuti anthu achilengedwe atha kudziwika ndi imelo yomwe akugwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa maimelo kukhala ndi zidziwitso zawo. Kuti muwerenge ma adilesi amaimelo ngati zidziwitso zaumwini, zilibe kanthu ngati kampaniyo imagwiritsadi ntchito maimelo kuti adziwe ogwiritsa ntchito. Ngakhale kampani sigwiritsa ntchito maimelo ndi cholinga chodziwitsa anthu achilengedwe, maimelo omwe anthu achilengedwe angazindikiridwe kuti ndiwanthu. Sikuti kulumikizana kulikonse mwangozi kapena mwangozi pakati pa munthu ndi deta ndikokwanira kuti tisankhe zidziwitsozo. Komabe, ngati kuthekera kulipo kuti maimelo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti adziwe ogwiritsa ntchito, mwachitsanzo kuti azindikire zachinyengo, maimelo amaimelo amawerengedwa kuti ndiwanthu. Pachifukwa ichi, zilibe kanthu kuti kampaniyo ikufuna kugwiritsa ntchito maimelo kapena ayi. Lamuloli limalankhula zaumwini pakadakhala zotheka kuti zidziwitsozo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazolinga zomwe zimazindikiritsa munthu wachilengedwe. [2]
Zambiri zapadera
Ngakhale ma adilesi amaimelo amawerengedwa kuti ndi achinsinsi nthawi zambiri, sizomwe zimakhala zachinsinsi. Zambiri zapadera ndiumwini zomwe zikuwulula za mafuko kapena mafuko, malingaliro andale, zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo kapena nthanthi kapena umembala wamalonda, ndi zambiri za majini kapena biometric. Izi zimachokera ku Article 9 GDPR. Komanso adilesi ya imelo imakhala ndi zidziwitso zochepa zapagulu kuposa mwachitsanzo adilesi yakunyumba. Ndizovuta kwambiri kudziwa maimelo a munthu wina kuposa adilesi yakunyumba ndipo zimadalira gawo lalikulu laogwiritsa ntchito imeloyo ngati imelo iwonetsedwa pagulu. Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa imelo yomwe ikadayenera kubisala, kuli ndi zovuta zochepa kuposa kupeza adilesi yakunyumba yomwe ikadakhala yobisika. Ndikosavuta kusintha imelo kuposa adilesi yakunyumba ndikupezeka kwa imelo kungapangitse kulumikizana ndi digito, pomwe kupezeka kwa adilesi yakunyumba kungayambitse kulumikizana ndi anthu. [3]
Kukonzekera kwaumwini
Takhazikitsa kuti maimelo amaimelo amawerengedwa kuti ndi achinsinsi nthawi zambiri. Komabe, GDPR imagwira ntchito pamakampani omwe akukonzekera zidziwitso zawo. Kusintha kwa zidziwitso zaumwini kumachitika pazochitika zilizonse zokhudzana ndi zomwe munthu ali nazo. Izi zikufotokozedwanso mu GDPR. Malinga ndi nkhani 4 sub 2 GDPR, kukonza deta yanu kumatanthauza kuti ntchito iliyonse yomwe imagwiridwa ndi inu, kaya mwanjira zodziwikiratu. Zitsanzo ndi kusonkhanitsa, kujambula, kukonza, kukonza, kusunga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso zanu. Makampani akamagwira ntchito zomwe zatchulidwazi pokhudzana ndi maimelo, akukonza zinsinsi zawo. Zikatero, ali pansi pa GDPR.
Kutsiliza
Si maimelo onse omwe amadziwika kuti ndiwanthu. Komabe, maimelo amaimelo amawerengedwa kuti ndi achinsinsi pomwe amapereka chidziwitso chokhudza munthu wachilengedwe. Maimelo ambiri adapangidwa m'njira kuti munthu wachilengedwe yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito imelo adziwe. Izi zimachitika pomwe imelo imakhala ndi dzina kapena malo antchito a munthu wachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, ma adilesi ambiri amaimelo adzawerengedwa kuti ndiwokha. Zimakhala zovuta kuti makampani azitha kusiyanitsa pakati pa ma imelo omwe amawerengedwa kuti ndi achinsinsi ndi ma adilesi omwe sali, chifukwa izi zimadalira kwathunthu momwe imelo ilili. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kunena kuti makampani omwe amakonza zinsinsi zawo, adzakumana ndi ma adilesi amaimelo omwe amadziwika kuti ndi achinsinsi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti makampaniwa akuyenera kutsatira GDPR ndipo akuyenera kutsatira mfundo zachinsinsi zomwe zikugwirizana ndi GDPR.
[1] ECLI: NL: GHAMS: 2002: AE5514.
[2] Kamerstukken II 1979/80, 25 892, 3 (MvT).
[3] ECLI: NL: GHAMS: 2002: AE5514.
