Pakalendala pankakhala chizolowezi kukwatiwa ndi munthu wochokera ku fuko limodzi kapena wochokera ku mtundu umodzi. Masiku ano, maukwati a anthu amitundu yosiyana akuchulukirachulukira. Tsoka ilo, maukwati 40% ku Netherlands amathetsa banja. Kodi izi zimagwira ntchito bwanji ngati wina akukhala kudziko lina kupatula lomwe adalowa m'banja?
Kupanga pempho mkati mwa EU
Regulation (EC) Na 2201/2003 (kapena: Brussels II bis) yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'maiko onse mu EU kuyambira 1 Marichi 2015. Imayang'anira ulamuliro, kuzindikira ndikuwongolera zigamulo pazokwatirana ndi udindo wa makolo. Malamulo a EU amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chisudzulo, kulekana kwalamulo ndi kuthetsa ukwati. Mdziko la EU, pempho la chisudzulo litha kuchitika mdziko lomwe makhothi ali ndi mphamvu. Khothi lili ndi mphamvu mdziko muno:
- Kumene okwatirana amakhala nthawi zonse.
- Omwe okwatirana onse ndi amitundu.
- Kumene chisudzulo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi.
- Kumene wokondedwa wina amafunsira chisudzulo ndipo winayo amakhala akukhala.
- Kumene wokondedwa wanu amakhala kwa miyezi yosachepera isanu ndi umodzi ndipo ali mdzikolo. Ngati siwadziko, pempholi limatha kutumizidwa ngati munthuyu wakhalabe mdzikolo pafupifupi chaka chimodzi.
- Kumene m'modzi mwa omwe anali mgululi anali womangokhalako komanso komwe m'modzi mwa omwe anali mgululi amakhala.
Mkati mwa EU, khothi lomwe limalandira koyamba chilolezo chokwatirana lomwe likukwaniritsa zofunikirazo lili ndi mphamvu zoweruza zothetsa banja. Khothi lomwe likulengeza kuti banja lithe lingathenso kusankha zakulera kwa ana omwe akukhala mdziko lamilandu. Lamulo la EU lokhudza chisudzulo silikugwira ntchito ku Denmark chifukwa lamulo la Brussels II bis silinakhazikitsidwe kumeneko.
Ku Netherlands
Ngati banjali sikhala ku Netherlands, ndizotheka kutha kwa banja ku Netherlands ngati onse awiri ali nzika zaku Dutch. Ngati sichoncho, khothi lachi Dutch linganene kuti ndiloyenera pamikhalidwe yapadera, mwachitsanzo ngati sizotheka kusudzulana kunja. Ngakhale awiriwa atakwatirana kunja, atha kulembetsa chisudzulo ku Netherlands. Chikhalidwe chake ndikuti ukwatiwo umalembetsedwa ku boma lolembetsa komwe amakhala ku Netherlands. Zotsatira za chisudzulo zingakhale zosiyana kunja. Lamulo la chisudzulo lochokera kudziko la EU limazindikiridwa ndi mayiko ena a EU. Kunja kwa EU izi zitha kukhala zosiyana kwambiri.
Kusudzulana kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zakomwe munthu amakhala ku Netherlands. Ngati mnzake ali ndi chilolezo chokhalira chifukwa amakhala ndi mnzake ku Netherlands, ndikofunikira kuti akalembetse chilolezo chokhala munyumba zosiyanasiyana. Ngati izi sizingachitike, chilolezo chokhala kwanu chitha kuchotsedwa.
Ndi lamulo liti lomwe limagwira?
Lamulo ladziko momwe pempho la chisudzulo lalembedwera siligwira ntchito pa chisudzulocho. Khothi liyenera kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo akunja. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri ku Netherlands. Mbali iliyonse yamilandu iyenera kuwunikidwa ngati khothi lili ndi ulamuliro ndipo ndi lamulo liti lomwe liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Lamulo lapadziko lonse lapansi ndilofunika kwambiri pa izi. Lamuloli ndi ambulera yokhudza madera amilandu omwe mayiko ambiri amaphatikizidwa. Pa 1 Januware 2012, Buku la 10 la Dutch Civil Code lidayamba kugwira ntchito ku Netherlands. Izi zili ndi malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi. Lamulo lalikulu ndiloti khothi ku Netherlands limagwiritsa ntchito malamulo osudzulana achi Dutch, mosatengera mtundu komanso malo okhala okwatiranawo. Izi ndizosiyana pomwe banjali lidalemba malamulo awo. Banja lisankha lamulo logwirizana ndi chisudzulo chawo. Izi zitha kuchitika ukwati usanalowe, koma ukhozanso kudzachitika pambuyo pake. Izi ndizothekanso mukafuna kusudzulana.
Malamulo pamaboma azachuma
Kwa maukwati omwe achotsedwa pa 29 Januware 2019 kapena pambuyo pake, Regulation (EU) No 2016/1103 idzagwira ntchito. Lamuloli limayang'anira malamulo ogwira ntchito komanso kukhazikitsa zigamulo pazinthu zokhudzana ndi ukwati. Malamulo omwe akhazikitsidwa amatsimikizira kuti ndi makhothi ati omwe angaweruze pa malo a okwatiranawo (lamulo), ndi lamulo liti lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito (kusamvana kwa malamulo) komanso ngati chigamulo chomwe khothi ladziko lina liyenera kuvomereza ndikutsatira lina (kuzindikira ndi kukhazikitsa). Momwemonso, khothi lomweli likadali ndi mphamvu malinga ndi malamulo a Brussels IIa Regulation. Ngati palibe chisankho chomwe chapangidwa, lamulo la State komwe okwatirana amakhala koyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pakakhala nyumba yofanana, lamulo ladziko la onse okwatirana lidzagwira ntchito. Ngati okwatiranawo alibe dziko lofananalo, lamulo la Boma lomwe maanja ali kulumikizana kwambiri lidzagwira ntchito.
Lamuloli limangogwira ntchito pazokwatirana. Malamulowa amatsimikizira ngati malamulo achi Dutch, chifukwa chake gulu lonse lazogulitsa katundu kapena malo ocheperako kapena dongosolo lakunja, liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zambiri pazinthu zanu. Chifukwa chake ndi kwanzeru kufunsa upangiri wazamalamulo, mwachitsanzo, mgwirizano wamalamulo.
Kuti mupeze upangiri musanakwatirane kapena upangiri ndi chithandizo mukasudzulana, mutha kulumikizana ndi maloya am'banja la Law & More. At Law & More tikumvetsetsa kuti chisudzulo ndi zomwe zingachitike pambuyo pake zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu pamoyo wanu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake timayandikira. Pamodzi ndi inu komanso mwina mnzanu wakale, titha kudziwa momwe zinthu zilili mukamayankha mafunso pogwiritsa ntchito zolembazo ndikuyesa kulemba masomphenya kapena zokhumba zanu. Kuphatikiza apo, titha kukuthandizani momwe mungathere. Maloya ku Law & More Ndi akatswiri pankhani yamalamulo a banja komanso mabanja ndipo ali okonzeka kukutsogolerani, mwina limodzi ndi mnzanu, muukwati.
