Chifukwa chamilandu yayikulu yomwe yakhala ikuchitika chaka chatha, ufulu wokayikira wokhala chete wawonekeranso. Zachidziwikire, ndi omwe akuzunzidwa komanso abale ndi olakwa, ufulu wokayikira wokhala chete ukuwomberedwa, zomwe zimamveka. Mwachitsanzo, chaka chatha, kulankhulalankhula kosalekeza kwa omwe akukayikira za "kupha anthu insulini" zingapo m'nyumba zosamalira okalamba kudadzetsa kukhumudwa komanso kukwiya pakati pa abale, omwe amafunadi kudziwa zomwe zidachitika. Wokayikirayo nthawi zonse amapempha ufulu wake wokhala chete ku Khothi Lachigawo la Rotterdam. M'kupita kwanthawi, izi zidakwiyitsanso oweruza, omwe adapitilizabe kuyesa kukayikitsa kuti agwire ntchito.
Article 29 ya Code of Criminal Procedure
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe amakayikira, nthawi zambiri pamalangizo aamilandu awo, amapempha ufulu wawo wokhala chete. Mwachitsanzo, izi zitha kukhala zifukwa zachikhalidwe kapena zamaganizidwe, zimachitikanso kuti wokayikirayo akuopa zomwe zingachitike munyengo yaupandu. Mosasamala kanthu za chifukwa, ufulu wokhala chete ndi wa aliyense wokayikira. Ndi ufulu wapadera wokhala ndi chitukuko, popeza 1926 idakhazikitsidwa mu Article 29 ya Code of Criminal Procedure motero iyenera kulemekezedwa. Ufuluwu umachokera pa mfundo yoti wokayikirayo sayenera kuchita nawo zomwe amakhulupirira ndipo sangakakamizidwe kutero: 'Wokayikira sakakamizidwa kuyankha. ' Kudzoza kwa izi ndi kuletsa kuzunzidwa.
Ngati wokayikirayo agwiritsa ntchito ufuluwu, atha kuletsa zonenedwazo kuti zisaoneke ngati zachinyengo komanso zosadalirika, mwachitsanzo chifukwa zimasiyana ndi zomwe ena wanena kapena zomwe zikuphatikizidwa mufayilo. Wokayikira akadakhala chete pachiyambipo ndipo zonena zake zikubwera pambuyo pa zomwe akunenazo ndi fayiloyo, amawonjezera mwayi kuti oweruza azikhulupirira. Kugwiritsa ntchito ufulu wokhala chete kungakhalenso njira yabwino ngati wokayikirayo sangathe kuyankha moyenera pa mafunso, mwachitsanzo, apolisi. Kupatula apo, mawu amatha kukhazikitsidwa nthawi zonse kukhothi.
Komabe, njira imeneyi ilibe zoopsa. Wokayikiranso ayenera kudziwa izi. Ngati wokayikirayo amangidwa ndikuyikidwa m'ndende, kuwadandaula kuti akhale ndi ufulu wokhala chete kungatanthauze kuti apolisi akafufuzidwebe chifukwa choti akufufuzabe. Chifukwa chake ndikotheka kuti wogwirirayo ayenera kukhalabe m'ndende nthawi yayitali chifukwa chokhala chete kuposa kuti wanena mawu. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizotheka kuti atachotsedwa pamlanduwo kapena atazindikira kuti munthu amene akuwayimbira mlandu, osakakamizidwa, sadzapatsidwa zowonongeka ngati ali ndi mlandu wokha kuti akupitiliza kumangidwa. Kudzinenera kowonongeka kumakhala kukanidwa kale pamtunda umenewo kangapo.
Tikakhala kukhothi, chete sikungakhale ndi zotsatirapo kwa wokayikiridwayo. Kupatula apo, woweruza amatha kuwerengera chigamulo chake ngati wokayikirayo sakufotokoza chilichonse, pofotokoza umboni komanso m'chigamulocho. Malinga ndi Khothi Lalikulu ku Dutch, kukhala chete kwa omwe akuwakayikira kungapangitse kuti aweruzidwe ngati pali umboni wokwanira ndipo wokayikiridwayo sanaperekenso tanthauzo lina. Kupatula apo, kukhala chete kwa omwe akumuganizira kumamveka ndikufotokozedwa ndi woweruza motere:Wokayikiridwayo amakhala chete nthawi zonse pazomwe akuchita (…) motero sanatengepo gawo pazomwe wachita. ” Mkati mwa chiganizocho, wokayikiridwayo akhoza kuimbidwa mlandu chifukwa chokhala chete kuti sanalape kapena kudandaula ndi zomwe adachita. Ngati oweruza agwiritsa ntchito ufulu wokhala chete ndi yemwe akuwakayikira akuganizira za chigamulocho, zimatengera kuwunika kwa woweruza ndipo atha kusiyanasiyana ndi woweruza aliyense.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ufulu wokhala chete kungakhale ndi zabwino kwa wokayikirayo, koma izi sizowopsa. Ndizowona kuti ufulu wakayikira wokhala chete uyenera kulemekezedwa. Komabe, zikafika pamlandu, oweruza amawona chete kukhala chete kwa omwe akuwakayikira ngati mwayi wawo. Kupatula apo, ufulu wokayikira wokhala chete umachitika nthawi zonse mosemphana ndi kuchuluka kwa milandu ndi kufunikira kwa ozunzidwa, abale omwe apulumuka kapena gulu lomwe lili ndi mayankho omveka pamafunso.
Kaya ndi nzeru kwa inu kugwiritsa ntchito ufulu wokhala chete apolisi akamamvetsera kapena kumvetsera kumatengera zomwe mlanduwo ukuchita. Ndikofunika kuti mulumikizane ndi loya wazamalamulo musanapange chisankho chokhala chete. Law & More Akuluakulu odziwa zamalamulo ndipo ali okondwa kupereka upangiri ndi / kapena thandizo. Kodi ndinu ovutitsidwa kapena wachibale yemwe watsala ndipo muli ndi mafunso okhudza ufulu wokhala chete? Ngakhale pamenepo Law & MoreMaloya athu ali okonzeka nanu.
