Supervisory Board (pano 'SB') ndi bungwe la BV ndi NV lomwe limagwira ntchito yoyang'anira mfundo za komiti yoyang'anira ndi zochitika zonse za kampaniyo ndi mabungwe ake (Article 2: 140/250 ndime 2 ya Dutch Civil Code ('DCC')). Cholinga cha nkhaniyi ndikuti afotokozere bwino za bungwe logwirizana. Choyamba, amafotokozedwa ngati SB ndiyofunikira komanso momwe imakhazikitsidwira. Kachiwiri, ntchito zazikulu za SB zimayankhidwa. Chotsatira, mphamvu zalamulo za SB zimafotokozedwa. Mphamvu zowonjezera za SB mu kampani yamagulu awiri zikukambidwa. Pomaliza, nkhaniyi ikumaliza ndi chidule mwachidule.
Kukhazikitsa kosankha ndi zofunika zake
M'malo mwake, kukhazikitsidwa kwa SB sikofunikira kwa ma NVs ndi ma BV. Izi ndi zosiyana ndi a kuvomerezeka kampani yamagulu awiri (onaninso pansipa). Itha kukhalanso udindo kutsatira malamulo angapo amakampani (monga mabanki ndi ma inshuwaransi malinga ndi nkhani ya 3:19 ya Financial Supervision Act). Oyang'anira oyang'anira atha kusankhidwa pokhapokha ngati pali malamulo ovomerezeka. Komabe, Enterprise Chamber itha kusankha oyang'anira ngati gawo lapadera komanso lomaliza mu njira yofunsira, yomwe maziko amenewo safunikira. Ngati wina atha kusankha bungwe la SB, ayenera kuphatikiza bungweli m'zolemba (pakuphatikiza kampaniyo kapena pambuyo pake posintha zolemba). Izi zitha kuchitika, mwachitsanzo, pakupanga thupi mwachindunji m'zolemba zamagulu kapena kuzipangitsa kudalira lingaliro lamabungwe monga msonkhano wa onse olowa nawo masheya ('GMS'). Ndikothekanso kupangitsa kuti bungwe lizidalira nthawi (mwachitsanzo, chaka chimodzi kukhazikitsidwa kwa kampani) pambuyo pake chisankho china sichofunikira. Mosiyana ndi komitiyo, sizotheka kusankha anthu ovomerezeka kukhala oyang'anira.
Oyang'anira oyang'anira motsutsana ndi omwe samayang'anira
Kupatula SB yokhala ndi magawo awiri, ndikothekanso kusankha bolodi limodzi. Zikatero komitiyi imakhala ndi mitundu iwiri ya owongolera, omwe ndi owongolera akulu ndi omwe samayang'anira. Ntchito za omwe sanatsogolere ndi chimodzimodzi ndi zomwe amayang'anira mu SB. Chifukwa chake, nkhaniyi imagwiranso ntchito kwa omwe samayang'anira. Nthawi zina zimanenedwa kuti chifukwa owongolera akuluakulu komanso osakhala pansi amakhala mthupi limodzi, pamakhala mwayi wocheperako chifukwa cha omwe samayang'anira chifukwa chodziwa zambiri. Komabe, malingaliro amagawanika pankhaniyi, komanso, zimadalira kwambiri momwe zimakhalira. Sizingatheke kukhala ndi owongolera omwe siaboma komanso SB (nkhani 2: 140/250 ndime 1 ya DCC).
Ntchito za Supervisory Board
Ntchito zalamulo za SB zimangokhala ntchito yoyang'anira ndi upangiri mokhudzana ndi komiti yoyang'anira ndi zochitika zonse pakampani (nkhani 2: 140/250 ndime 2 ya DCC). Kuphatikiza apo, SB ilinso ndi ntchito ngati olemba anzawo board, chifukwa imasankha kapena ili ndi gawo lalikulu pakusankha, (kukonzanso) kuyimitsidwa, kuchotsedwa ntchito, kulipidwa, kugawana ntchito ndikukula kwa mamembala a komiti yoyang'anira . Komabe, palibe ubale pakati pa oyang'anira ndi SB. Iwo ndi mabungwe awiri osiyana, lirilonse liri ndi ntchito zawo ndi mphamvu zawo. Ntchito zazikulu za SB zimafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane pansipa.
Ntchito yoyang'anira
Ntchito yoyang'anira ikutanthauza kuti SB imayang'anira kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake ndi zochitika zonse. Izi zikuphatikiza, mwachitsanzo, kagwiridwe ka kasamalidwe, kayendetsedwe ka kampani, momwe ndalama zilili komanso malipoti okhudzana nawo, zoopsa zakampani, kutsatira ndi mfundo zachitukuko. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyang'aniridwa kwa SB mu kampani ya makolo kumafikiranso ku mfundo zamagulu. Kuphatikiza apo, sizongoyang'anira kokha pambuyo poti zichitike, komanso pakuwunika mfundo (za nthawi yayitali) zomwe zikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito (mwachitsanzo, ndalama kapena mapulani amachitidwe) moyenera pamalire oyendetsera kayendetsedwe kake. Palinso kuyang'anira kwa oyang'anira moyang'anizana.
Udindo walangizo
Kuphatikiza apo, pali ntchito yolangiza ya SB, yomwe imakhudzanso njira zingapo za kasamalidwe. Izi sizitanthauza kuti upangiri umafunika pachisankho chilichonse chomwe akutsogolera. Kupatula apo, kupanga zisankho pakampani tsiku ndi tsiku ndi gawo limodzi laudindo wa manejala. Komabe, SB ikhoza kupereka upangiri wofunsidwa komanso wosapemphedwa. Malangizowa sayenera kutsatiridwa chifukwa komiti, monga tanenera, ndiyodziyimira pawokha pazisankho zake. Komabe, upangiri wa SB uyenera kutsatiridwa mozama potengera kulemera komwe SB imalumikiza upangiriwo.
Ntchito za SB siziphatikiza mphamvu zoyimira. Mwakutero, SB kapena mamembala ake saloledwa kuyimira BV kapena NV (kupatula zochepa zalamulo). Chifukwa chake, izi sizingaphatikizidwe pazolemba zoyanjana, pokhapokha zitatsatiridwa ndi lamulo.
Mphamvu Za Bungwe La Oyang'anira
Kuphatikiza apo, SB ili ndi mphamvu zingapo kutsatira malinga ndi malamulo kapena zolemba. Awa ndi ena mwamalamulo ofunikira a SB:
- Kuyimitsidwa kwa owongolera, pokhapokha atafotokozedwera munkhani zoyanjana (Article 2: 147/257 DCC): kuyimitsidwa kwakanthawi kwa director pamaudindo ake ndi mphamvu zake, monga kutenga nawo mbali popanga zisankho ndikuyimira.
- Kupanga zisankho pakakhala zotsutsana ndi mamembala a komiti yoyang'anira (Article 2: 129/239 gawo 6 DCC).
- Kuvomerezeka ndi kusaina kwa pempho la kasamalidwe kophatikizana kapena demerger (nkhani 2: 312 / 334f sub 4 DCC).
- Kuvomerezeka kwamaakaunti apachaka (nkhani 2: 101/210 gawo 1 DCC).
- Pankhani ya kampani yomwe yatchulidwa: kutsatira, kusunga ndikuwulula kayendetsedwe ka kampani.
Bungwe loyang'anira m'makampani ovomerezeka awiri
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa SB pakampani yovomerezeka yazigawo ziwiri. Kuphatikiza apo, board iyi ndiye kuti ili ndi mphamvu zowonjezerapo, povulaza mphamvu ya Msonkhano Waonse Waogawana. Pansi pa dongosolo la magulu awiri, SB ili ndi mphamvu zovomereza zisankho zofunika pakuwongolera. Kuphatikiza apo, pansi pamachitidwe azigawo ziwiri SB ili ndi mphamvu yosankha ndikuchotsa mamembala a komiti (Article 2: 162/272 DCC), pomwe kuli kampani yanthawi zonse kapena yocheperako iyi ndiye mphamvu wa GMS (nkhani 2: 155/265 DCC). Pomaliza, mu kampani yovomerezeka iwiri SB imasankhidwanso ndi Msonkhano Wonse waogawana, koma SB ili ndi ufulu woloza oyang'anira oyang'anira kuti asankhidwe (Article 2: 158/268 (4) DCC). Ngakhale GMS ndi Work Council zitha kupereka malingaliro, SB siyimangidwa ndi izi, kupatula kusankhidwa komangika gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a SB ndi WC. GMS ikhoza kukana kusankhidwa ndi mavoti ochuluka kwambiri ndipo ngati izi zikuimira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a likulu.
Kutsiliza
Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi yakupatsani malingaliro abwino a SB. Mwachidule, chifukwa chake, pokhapokha ngati lamulo likutsatira kuchokera kumalamulo ena kapena pomwe magulu awiri azigwira ntchito, kusankhidwa kwa SB sikukakamizidwa. Kodi mukufuna kutero? Ngati ndi choncho, izi zitha kuphatikizidwa pazolemba zamaubungwe m'njira zosiyanasiyana. M'malo mwa SB, mawonekedwe amtundu umodzi amatha kusankhidwa. Ntchito zazikuluzikulu za SB ndikuyang'anira ndi upangiri, koma kuwonjezera apo SB imawonekeranso ngati wolemba ntchito oyang'anira. Mphamvu zambiri zimatsata kuchokera ku lamuloli ndipo zimatha kutsatira zolemba, zomwe ndizofunika kwambiri zomwe tazilemba pansipa. Pomaliza, tawonetsa kuti pankhani ya kampani yamagulu awiri, mphamvu zingapo zimaperekedwa ndi GMS ku SB ndi zomwe zimafunikira.
Kodi mudakali ndi mafunso mukawerenga nkhaniyi yokhudza komiti yoyang'anira (ntchito zake ndi mphamvu zake), kukhazikitsa komiti yoyang'anira, gulu limodzi komanso magawo awiri kapena kampani yovomerezeka yamagulu awiri? Mutha kulumikizana Law & More pa mafunso anu onse pamutuwu, komanso enanso ambiri. Maloya athu amadziwika bwino pakati, mwa ena, malamulo amakampani ndipo amakhala okonzeka kukuthandizani.
