Kodi udindo wa olemba ntchito ndi chiyani pansi pa Working Conditions Act?

Wogwira ntchito aliyense pakampani ayenera kugwira ntchito moyenera komanso mwaumoyo.

The Working Conditions Act (yofupikitsidwanso kuti Arbowet) ndi gawo la Occupational Health and Safety Act, lomwe lili ndi malamulo ndi malangizo olimbikitsa malo ogwirira ntchito otetezeka. Lamulo la Working Conditions Act lili ndi zomwe olemba anzawo ntchito ndi antchito ayenera kutsatira. Izi zimagwira ntchito m'malo onse kumene ntchito imagwira ntchito (momwemonso kwa mabungwe ndi mabungwe komanso kwa ogwira ntchito osakhalitsa komanso osinthasintha, ogwira ntchito pa foni, ndi anthu omwe ali ndi makontrakitala a maola 0). Wolemba ntchito kampani ali ndi udindo wowonetsetsa kuti akutsatira lamulo la Occupational Health and Safety Act mkati mwa kampani.

Miyezo itatu

Malamulo okhudza zochitika zogwirira ntchito amagawidwa m'magulu atatu: Working Conditions Act, Working Conditions Decree, ndi Working Conditions Regulations.

• The Occupational Health and Safety Act imapanga maziko ndipo ilinso lamulo la chimango. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ilibe malamulo pa zoopsa zinazake. Bungwe lililonse ndi gawo lililonse litha kusankha momwe lingagwiritsire ntchito mfundo zake zaumoyo ndi chitetezo ndikuziyika m'ndandanda yazaumoyo ndi chitetezo. Komabe, Lamulo la Working Conditions Decree ndi Working Conditions Regulations mwatsatanetsatane malamulo otsimikizika.
• Lamulo la Ntchito Zogwirira Ntchito ndi kulongosola kwa Working Conditions Act. Lili ndi malamulo omwe olemba anzawo ntchito ndi antchito ayenera kutsatira kuti athane ndi zoopsa zapantchito. Lilinso ndi malamulo enieni a magawo angapo ndi magulu a antchito.
• The Health and Safety Order ndikufotokozeranso za Health and Safety Decree. Zimaphatikizapo malamulo atsatanetsatane. Mwachitsanzo, zofunikira zomwe zida zogwirira ntchito ziyenera kukwaniritsa kapena ndendende momwe bungwe la zaumoyo ndi chitetezo liyenera kuchita ntchito zake zovomerezeka. Malamulowa ndi ovomerezekanso kwa olemba ntchito ndi antchito.

Kalozera waumoyo ndi chitetezo

M'kabukhu la zaumoyo ndi chitetezo, olemba anzawo ntchito ndi mabungwe ogwira ntchito amafotokoza mapangano ogwirizana amomwe (adzatsatira) malamulo omwe boma akufuna kuti agwire ntchito mwaumoyo komanso motetezeka. Lamulo lofuna kutsata ndi muyezo womwe makampani ayenera kutsatira - mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa phokoso. Kalozerayu amafotokoza njira ndi njira, machitidwe abwino, mipiringidzo, ndi maupangiri othandiza kuti azigwira ntchito motetezeka komanso wathanzi ndipo zitha kupangidwa panthambi kapena pakampani. Olemba ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito ndi omwe ali ndi udindo wolemba ndi kugawa mndandanda waumoyo ndi chitetezo.

Udindo wa olemba ntchito

M'munsimu muli mndandanda wa maudindo ndi maudindo kwa olemba ntchito omwe ali m'malamulo. Mapangano enieni okhudza maudindowa amatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera ku bungwe limodzi ndi makampani ena.

• Wolemba ntchito aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi mgwirizano ndi wothandizira zaumoyo ndi chitetezo kapena dotolo wa kampani: mgwirizano woyamba. Ogwira ntchito onse ayenera kupeza dokotala wa kampani, ndipo kampani iliyonse iyenera kugwirizana ndi dokotala wa kampani. Kuphatikiza apo, antchito onse amatha kupempha lingaliro lachiwiri kwa dokotala wakampani. Chigwirizano choyambirira pakati pa olemba ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito za umoyo ndi chitetezo kapena dokotala wa kampani chimanena kuti ntchito zina zaumoyo ndi chitetezo kapena madotolo a kampani angathe kufunsidwa kuti apeze lingaliro lina.
• Sinthani mapangidwe a malo ogwirira ntchito, njira zogwirira ntchito, zida zogwirira ntchito, ndi zomwe zili muntchito kuti zigwirizane ndi mawonekedwe amunthu wantchito momwe mungathere. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa ogwira ntchito omwe ali ndi zofooka zamapangidwe ndi ntchito chifukwa cha matenda, mwachitsanzo.
• Wolemba ntchitoyo ayenera kuchepetsa ntchito yonyozeka komanso yofulumira momwe angathere ('zingafunike).
• Olemba ntchito ayenera kupewa ndikuchepetsa ngozi zazikulu zomwe zimakhudzana ndi zinthu zoopsa momwe angathere, olemba ntchito.
• Ogwira ntchito ayenera kulandira chidziwitso ndi malangizo. Zidziwitso ndi maphunziro zitha kukhala zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwirira ntchito kapena zida zodzitetezera, komanso momwe nkhanza ndi nkhanza, komanso nkhanza zokhudzana ndi kugonana zimachitikira pakampani.
• Olemba ntchito ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti akudziwitsidwa ndikulembetsa ngozi zapantchito ndi matenda.
• Olemba ntchito ali ndi udindo woletsa ngozi kwa anthu ena okhudzana ndi ntchito ya antchito. Olemba ntchito athanso kutenga inshuwaransi pazifukwa izi.
• Olemba ntchito akuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti akukhazikitsa ndikukhazikitsa ndondomeko yaumoyo ndi chitetezo. Ndondomeko yaumoyo ndi chitetezo ndi ndondomeko yatsatanetsatane yofotokozera momwe makampani angathetsere zoopsa. Ndi mfundo zaumoyo ndi chitetezo, mutha kuwonetsa nthawi zonse kuti zotetezeka komanso zoyenera zikuchitika mukampani. Ndondomeko yaumoyo ndi chitetezo imaphatikizapo kufufuza ndi kuwunika zoopsa (RI&E), ndondomeko ya tchuthi chodwala, ntchito yoyankha mwadzidzidzi m'nyumba (BH) V, woyang'anira chitetezo, ndi PAGO.
• Wolemba ntchitoyo akuyenera kulemba zoopsa za ogwira ntchito pakampani muzowunika ndi kuwunika (RI&E). Izi zimanenanso momwe ogwira ntchito amatetezedwa ku zoopsazi. Kufufuza koteroko kumatsimikizira ngati thanzi ndi chitetezo zili pachiwopsezo, mwachitsanzo, kusakhazikika kwa scaffold, ngozi ya kuphulika, malo aphokoso, kapena kugwira ntchito motalika kwambiri pamagetsi. RI&E iyenera kuperekedwa kwa wothandizira zaumoyo ndi chitetezo pantchito kapena katswiri wovomerezeka kuti awunikenso.
• Gawo la RI&E ndi Dongosolo la Ntchito. Izi zikuwonetsa zomwe kampaniyo ikuchita pazowopsa izi. Zimenezi zingaphatikizepo kupereka zida zodzitetezera, kuchotsa makina ovulaza, ndi kupereka chidziŵitso chabwino.
• Kumene anthu amagwira ntchito, kujomba chifukwa cha matenda kumathanso kuchitika. M'kati mwa ndondomeko yopititsira patsogolo bizinesi, olemba ntchito ayenera kufotokoza momwe kusakhalapo chifukwa cha matenda kumayendetsedwa ndi ndondomeko ya tchuthi chodwala. Kuchita ndondomeko ya tchuthi chodwala ndi ntchito yovomerezeka yalamulo kwa olemba ntchito ndipo imatchulidwa momveka bwino mu Working Conditions Decree (art. 2.9). Malinga ndi nkhaniyi, arbodienst amalangiza kuti pakhale ndondomeko yokhazikika, mwadongosolo, komanso yokwanira yogwirira ntchito komanso ndondomeko ya tchuthi chodwala. The arbodienst ayenera kuthandizira pakukhazikitsa kwake, poganizira makamaka magulu apadera a antchito.
• Mwachitsanzo, ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi m'nyumba (maofesi a FAFS) amapereka chithandizo choyamba pangozi kapena moto. Olemba ntchito akuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti pali maofesala a FAFS okwanira. Ayeneranso kuonetsetsa kuti akugwira ntchito yawo moyenera. Palibe zofunikira zophunzitsira zapadera. Wogwira ntchitoyo atha kutengera yekha ntchito zadzidzidzi m'nyumba. Ayenera kusankha wantchito m'modzi yekha kuti alowe m'malo mwake pamene palibe.
• Olemba ntchito amayenera kusankha mmodzi wa antchito awo ngati woyang'anira chitetezo. Woteteza chitetezo amagwira ntchito mukampani - nthawi zambiri kuwonjezera pa ntchito yawo "yanthawi zonse" - kuthandiza kupewa ngozi ndi kujomba. Ntchito zovomerezeka za woyang'anira chitetezo ndi monga: (co-) kupanga ndi kuchita RI&E, kulangiza ndi kugwirizana kwambiri ndi konsolo yantchito/oyimilira ogwira ntchito pa mfundo zantchito yabwino yogwirira ntchito, kulangiza ndi kugwirizana ndi dotolo wakampani ndi thanzi lina lantchito. ndi opereka chithandizo chachitetezo. Olemba ntchito atha kugwira ntchito ngati woteteza ngati kampaniyo ili ndi antchito 25 kapena ochepera.
• Olemba ntchito akuyenera kulola wogwira ntchitoyo kuti ayezedwe zaumoyo wapanthawi ndi nthawi (PAGO). Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, wogwira ntchitoyo sakakamizidwa kutenga nawo mbali pa izi.

Netherlands Labor Inspectorate

Bungwe la Netherlands Labor Inspectorate (NLA) limayendera pafupipafupi ngati olemba anzawo ntchito ndi antchito amatsatira malamulo azaumoyo ndi chitetezo. Cholinga chawo ndi pazochitika zantchito zomwe zimabweretsa ngozi zoopsa. Pakaphwanya, a NLA atha kuyika njira zingapo, kuyambira chenjezo mpaka chindapusa kapena kuyimitsidwa kwa ntchito.

Kufunika kwa ndondomeko yaumoyo ndi chitetezo

Kukhala ndi kukhazikitsa ndondomeko yofotokozedwa bwino ya zaumoyo ndi chitetezo ndikofunikira. Izi zimalepheretsa zotsatira zoyipa zaumoyo ndikupangitsa kuti ogwira ntchito azigwira ntchito mokhazikika komanso kuti azigwira bwino ntchito. Ngati wogwira ntchito akuwonongeka chifukwa cha ntchito, akhoza kuyimba kampaniyo ndikupempha chipukuta misozi. Wolemba ntchitoyo ayenera kutsimikizira kuti adachita zonse zomwe zingatheke - pogwira ntchito ndi zachuma - kuti ateteze kuwonongeka kumeneku.

Mukufuna kudziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito Occupational Health and Safety Act mkati mwa kampani yanu? Zathu maloya ogwira ntchito okondwa kuyankha mafunso anu. Titha kusanthula zomwe kampani yanu ili nayo pachiwopsezo ndikukulangizani momwe mungachepetsere.