Anthu ambiri amalota zokhala ndi paradaiso kakang'ono—nyumba yopuma tchuthi komwe angathawireko mavuto a tsiku ndi tsiku kumapeto kwa sabata. Ndi chiyembekezo chosangalatsa: malo anu enieni m'chilengedwe, mwina ndalama zobwereka, komanso chuma chogwirika. Chifukwa cha izi, ogula ambiri amagula nyumba yopuma tchuthi ndi malingaliro ofanana ndi kugula nyumba yokhazikika.
Komabe, izi ndi malingaliro olakwika omwe angayambitse mavuto azachuma komanso azamalamulo. Kugula nyumba m'paki ya tchuthi ( vakantiepark ) mwalamulo ndikosiyana ndi kugula nyumba yokhazikika. Mukulowa mu ukonde wovuta wa umwini, malamulo a paki, ndi malamulo okhwima okhudza malo. Kulakwitsa kumodzi—monga kuganiza kuti mungakhale kumeneko kwamuyaya kapena kubwereka mwaulere—kungayambitse chindapusa chachikulu kapena kukakamizidwa kuchotsedwa m'nyumba.
Mu blog iyi, tikufotokoza zomwe muyenera kuyang'anira musanasainire panganoli, kuonetsetsa kuti ndalama zomwe mukufuna kuyika sizisanduka maloto oipa.
Mtundu wa Umwini: Kodi Mukugula Chiyani Kwenikweni?
Mukagula nyumba yokhazikika, nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi umwini wonse wa malo ndi njerwa. Mu malo ochitira tchuthi, izi ndi zosiyana osati lamulo. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa dongosolo lalamulo la kugula kwanu kuti mupewe zodabwitsa zokhudzana ndi ufulu wanu ndi ndalama zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito.
Malo obwereketsa
M'mapaki ambiri a tchuthi ku Netherlands, simugula malowo. M'malo mwake, mumapeza ufulu wobwereka ( erfpacht ). Izi zikutanthauza kuti woyendetsa pakiyo amakhalabe ndi umwini wa malowo, ndipo mumagula ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito malowo kwa nthawi inayake. Nthawi zambiri mumalipira ndalama zapachaka, zomwe zimadziwika kuti canon.
- Nkhani ya zamalamulo: Malinga ndi Nkhani 5:85 ya Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek), mwini lendi ali ndi ufulu wokhala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito katundu wosasuntha wa wina. Dziwani kuti mapangano a lendi akhoza kukhala ndi masiku otha ntchito komanso ovomerezeka ikhoza kuwonjezeka kwambiri pakapita nthawi.
Kumanja kwa Superficies
Uwu ndi ufulu womwe umakulolani kukhala ndi nyumbayo (nyumba ya tchuthi) ngakhale wina (mwini paki) ali ndi malo omwe ali pansi pake. Popanda ufuluwu, mwalamulo, mwiniwake wa malowo angakhalenso ndi nyumba yanu chifukwa cha malamulo a katundu.
- Nkhani ya zamalamulo: Malinga ndi Article 5:101 ya Dutch Civil Code, izi zimasiyanitsa umwini wa nyumbayo ndi nthaka. Ngakhale kuti muli ndi njerwa, udindo wanu umadalirabe mgwirizano wokhudzana ndi malowo.
Mwini Wathunthu
Ngakhale kuti ndi malo osowa kwambiri m'mapaki a tchuthi, ena amapereka umwini wonse komwe mumagula malo ndi nyumba ya tchuthi. Izi zimapereka chitetezo chachikulu koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mtengo wokwera. Ngakhale mutakhala ndi umwini wonse, mumakhalabe pansi pa malamulo a paki ndi kugawa malo kwa boma.
Mfundo yofunika kwambiri: Onetsetsani kuti mukudziwa bwino zomwe mukugula. Werengani chikalata cha umwini wa nyumba mosamala ndipo katswiri aone ngati chili ndi tanthauzo la nthawi yayitali la ufulu wobwereka nyumba kapena superficies.
Malamulo a Paki ndi Zoletsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito
Mosiyana ndi dera lokhazikika, paki ya tchuthi ndi malo oyendetsedwa bwino. Mukagula malo kumeneko, mumangovomereza malamulo amkati mwa paki ( parkreglement ). Malamulo awa akhoza kukhala oletsa modabwitsa komanso ogwirizana ndi malamulo.
Zoletsa Zobwereka
Musaganize kuti mungathe kulemba malo anu atsopano pa Airbnb nthawi yomweyo. Mapaki ena amaletsa kwambiri kubwereka malowo kwa anthu ena kuti pakhale bata. Ena amalamula kuti muyenera kubwereka, koma kudzera mu ofesi yosungitsa malo ya paki (nthawi zambiri imafuna ndalama zambiri). Ngati muphwanya malamulo awa, pakiyo ikhoza kukulipirani chindapusa chachikulu.
Malo Okhazikika (Permanente Bewoning)
Ili ndiye vuto lofala kwambiri mwalamulo. Mapaki ambiri a tchuthi amasankhidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito posangalala. Kukhala kumeneko kwamuyaya n'koletsedwa ndi malamulo a paki komanso mapulani a boma.
- Zoona zalamulo: Ngakhale mutaona anansi akukhala kumeneko chaka chonse, musaganize kuti n'zololedwa. Maboma akuchulukirachulukira akuletsa izi.
- Case Law: Mu chigamulo chofunika kwambiri (ECLI:NL:HR:2019:1278), Khoti Lalikulu linatsimikiza kuti maboma ang'onoang'ono akhoza kukakamiza ziletso zokhwima pakukhala kosatha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azilipira chindapusa komanso kukakamizidwa kuchoka panyumbapo.
Ndalama Zolipirira Paki (Parkbijdragen)
Mudzafunika kuthandiza pa ntchito yokonza zomangamanga za pakiyi—misewu, magetsi, malo osewerera, ndi malo olandirira alendo. Ndalama zimenezi ndi zofunika ndipo zimatha kukwera chaka chilichonse. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kukwera kwa ndalamazi m'mbuyomu kuti mudziwiretu ndalama zomwe mudzawononge mtsogolo.
Malangizo othandiza: Nthawi zonse funsani malamulo onse a paki ndipo loya wanu awawunikenso musanapereke chilolezo.
Udindo wa Dongosolo Logawa Malo (Bestemmingsplan)
Malamulo a paki ndi ofunikira, koma dongosolo la boma logawa malo ndilofunika kwambiri. Ku Netherlands, bestemmingsplan ndi yomwe imasankha malo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Mapaki ambiri a tchuthi ali ndi dzina la "Zosangalatsa" ( Recreatie ), osati "Residential" ( Wonen ). Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mwalamulo, simuloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito malowo ngati malo anu okhala (Nkhani 3.1 ya Spatial Planning Act - Wro ).
Chifukwa chiyani izi zili zofunika? Chifukwa boma lili ndi mphamvu zokakamiza izi. Ngati mulembetsa nyumba yochitira tchuthi ngati adilesi yanu yayikulu, kapena ngati kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti mukukhala kumeneko (kutengera momwe madzi amagwiritsidwira ntchito kapena momwe mumayendera), mungakhale pachiwopsezo chokakamiza lamulo.
Lamulo Lofunika Kwambiri la Nkhani:
Poganizira za chigamulo cha Khoti Lalikulu (ECLI:NL:HR:2019:1278), zidatsimikizika kuti wogula sangabisike chifukwa cha kusadziwa. Ngakhale simunadziwe za lamulo loletsa kugawa malo, kapena ngati wogulitsayo wanena kuti "zabwino," boma lili ndi ufulu wochotsa inu ku malo okhazikika.
Mfundo yofunika kuiganizira: Dongosolo la kugawa malo limaposa malonjezo aliwonse operekedwa pakamwa. Yang'anani momwe zinthu zilili panopa ndi boma nthawi yomweyo.
Zolakwa Zofala ndi Kusamvetsetsana
Pogula nyumba ya tchuthi, upangiri wochokera kwa anzanu kapena ogulitsa ukhoza kukhala woopsa. Nazi nthano zitatu zomwe timakumana nazo nthawi zambiri Law & More.
Bodza 1: “Ndikakhala kumeneko nthawi yokwanira, nthawi yomweyo ndimakhala ndi ufulu wokhala kumeneko.”
Zabodza. Palibe "mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala" okha ( verjaring ) omwe amavomereza kuphwanya dongosolo la zoning. Mutha kukhala kumeneko kwa zaka khumi popanda vuto, koma ngati boma litasankha kukhazikitsa malamulowo m'chaka cha khumi ndi chimodzi, mulibe gawo lovomerezeka loti muyimire.
Bodza lachiwiri: “Wogulitsayo anati kukhala ndi moyo wosatha si vuto.”
Zabodza. Malonjezo operekedwa pakamwa sali omangika mwalamulo pankhaniyi. Ogulitsa ndi ogulitsa nyumba akufuna kutseka mgwirizanowu. Mwina sakudziwa za nkhanza zomwe zikuchitika m'matauni, kapena angangonena zabodza. Chilolezo cholembedwa kuchokera kwa akuluakulu oyenerera ndicho chofunikira.
Bodza lachitatu: “Boma silinayambe lakhazikitsa lamuloli, choncho laloledwa.”
Zabodza. Kusakakamiza anthu kuchita zinthu m'mbuyomu sikupereka ufulu wamtsogolo. Maboma ambiri aku Dutch pakadali pano akusintha kuchoka pa mfundo ya "kulekerera" kupita ku mfundo yokhwima ya "kukakamiza anthu kuchita zinthu m'mapaki osangalatsa.
Mfundo yofunika kuiganizira: Musadalire mawu otsimikizira kapena nkhani zinazake. Pemphani umboni wolembedwa ndipo loya awerengenso mfundozo.
Malingaliro Azachuma
Mtengo wogulira ndi gawo lochepa chabe la mtengo woyambira. Kuti mudziwe ngati iyi ndi ndalama yabwino yogulira, muyenera kuwerengera Mtengo Wonse wa Umwini.
- Ndalama Zapachaka: Kupatula mabilu amagetsi, ganizirani za lendi ovomerezeka (ngati kuli koyenera), ndalama zolipirira ntchito za paki, misonkho ya boma (msonkho wa alendo, msonkho wa malo), ndi kukonza. Kusamalira nyumba za tchuthi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimamangidwa ndi zipangizo zopepuka, kungakhale kokwera kuposa nyumba za njerwa.
- Ndalama: Kupeza ngongole ya nyumba ya tchuthi n'kovuta. Mabanki aku Dutch ali ndi zofunikira zokhwima, chiwongola dzanja chokwera, komanso chiŵerengero chotsika cha ngongole poyerekeza ndi mtengo wa nyumba zosangalatsa. Nyumba zina zobwereka sizili ndi ndalama zokwanira.
- Kutsika: Mosiyana ndi nyumba zachizolowezi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino, nyumba za tchuthi zimatha kuchepa mtengo, makamaka ngati kutchuka kwa pakiyo kukuchepa kapena nthawi yobwereka yafupika.
Malangizo othandiza: Pangani kuwerengera koyenera ndalama zonse zoyendetsera ntchito, osati mtengo wogula wokha.
Mndandanda Wowunikira: Musanagule
Kuti muthandizidwe kuyenda bwino panjira imeneyi, gwiritsani ntchito mndandanda uwu musanasainire pangano lililonse logula.
Mwalamulo:
- Ndawerenga ndikumvetsa chikalata cha umwini (Leasehold/Superficies/Ownership).
- Ndalandira ndikuwunika malamulo onse a paki.
- Ndinapempha dongosolo la kugawa malo (dongosolo labwino kwambiri) kuchokera ku boma.
- Malamulo a m'deralo owunikidwa (verordeningen).
- Analandira chitsimikizo cholembedwa chokhudza kukhala kwanu kosatha (ngati mukufuna).
Financial:
- Ndinalemba ndalama zonse zobwerezabwereza pachaka.
- Ndinafufuza njira zopezera ngongole za nyumba ndi ndalama.
- Anapanga chiyerekezo chenicheni cha ndalama zogulira lendi (ngati zingatheke).
Zothandiza:
- Ndinalemba ntchito katswiri wa zamalamulo/loya.
- Ndinachita kafukufuku wa kapangidwe ka nyumba.
- Ndinayang'ana momwe zinthu zilili paki komanso momwe imakonzedwera.
Mfundo yofunika kuiganizira: Kulemba ntchito loya kumawononga ndalama, koma kumateteza zolakwa zomwe zimakhala zodula kwambiri.
Kutsiliza
Kugula nyumba yopuma ( vakantiewoning kopen ) kumafuna zovuta zapadera zalamulo zomwe zimasiyana kwambiri ndi malo wamba. Kapangidwe ka umwini, malamulo a paki, ndi mapulani a malo a boma zonse zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa zomwe mungathe komanso zomwe simungachite ndi malo anu. Malonjezo apakamwa ndi opanda pake kukhothi; mfundo zolembedwa zokha ndi zomwe zimafunika.
Ngati mukuganiza zogula nyumba yoti mugule tchuthi, musaisiye mwangozi. Law & More kukulangizani. Akatswiri athu pankhani ya malamulo okhudza malo adzayang'ananso zikalata zonse nanu, kuonetsetsa kuti mwapanga chisankho chochokera pa mfundo zenizeni, osati nkhani zongopeka. Lumikizanani nafe kuti mukambirane nafe popanda kukakamizidwa.
Mafunso Omwe Amafunsidwa Kawirikawiri Okhudza Kugula Nyumba Yatchuthi
1. Kodi ndingakhale m'nyumba yanga yopuma kwamuyaya?
Nthawi zambiri, ayi. Mapaki ambiri a tchuthi ali ndi dzina lakuti "zosangalatsa" mu dongosolo la zoning, lomwe limaletsa kukhala kosatha. Maboma akukakamiza izi mopitirira muyeso. Nthawi zonse onani dongosolo la zoning ndi boma musanagule. Ngakhale anthu ena okhala kumeneko kwamuyaya, izi sizikutanthauza kuti mukuloledwa—boma likhoza kuyamba kutsatira malamulo nthawi iliyonse.
2. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa lendi (erfpacht) ndi ufulu wa pamwamba (opstalrecht)?
Ndi lendi, mumalipira ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito malowo; malowo amakhalabe a woyendetsa pakiyo. Nthawi zambiri mumalipira ndalama zapachaka (ovomerezeka). Ndi ufulu wa zinthu zapamwamba, muli ndi nyumbayo (nyumbayo), koma osati malo omwe ali pansi pake. M'zochitika zonsezi, mulibe umwini wonse. Ndi umwini wonse, muli ndi malo ndi nyumbayo, koma izi sizichitika kawirikawiri m'mapaki a tchuthi. Kusiyana kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri pa ndalama, mtengo wogulitsanso, komanso ufulu wanu monga mwini nyumba.
3. Kodi ndingathe kubwereka nyumba yanga ya tchuthi?
Izi zimadalira malamulo a paki. Mapaki ena amaletsa kubwereka kotheratu, ena amangolola kubwereka kudzera mwa woyendetsa paki, ndipo ena alibe zoletsa. Dziwani: ngakhale kubwereka kuloledwa, pakhoza kukhala malamulo okhudza nthawi yocheperako yobwereka, omwe mungabwereke kwa iwo (monga, magulu akuluakulu), komanso ngati kubwereka kwamalonda kuloledwa. Nthawi zonse funsani malamulo onse a paki ndipo loya aziyang'ana.
4. Kodi ndalama zolipirira paki ndi ziti ndipo ndi zokwera bwanji?
Ndalama zolipirira paki ndi ndalama zolipirira pachaka zosamalira paki ndi malo ogwirira ntchito monga maiwe osambira, malo osewerera, misewu, ndi malo okongoletsa malo. Ndalamazo zimasiyana kwambiri pa paki iliyonse—kuyambira mazana angapo mpaka zikwi zingapo zama euro pachaka. Zopereka izi ndizokakamiza ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosiyana ndi zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi lendi. ovomerezekaNthawi zonse funsani za ndalama zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito pakiyi ndi momwe zakulira m'mbiri. Mapaki ena amawonjezeka kwambiri chaka chilichonse.
5. Kodi ndingapeze ngongole ya nyumba yoti ndikhale ndi tchuthi?
Zimenezo zimadalira zinthu zingapo. Si mabanki onse omwe amapereka ngongole za nyumba zogona anthu ogona, ndipo nthawi zambiri mikhalidwe imakhala yovuta kuposa ya nyumba wamba. Mabanki ena amagwiritsa ntchito chiwongola dzanja chokwera kapena chiŵerengero chotsika cha ngongole ndi mtengo. Ngati pali leasehold kapena superficies (opanda umwini wonse), ndalama zitha kukhala zovuta kwambiri. Funsani mabanki angapo pasadakhale kuti muwone ngati ndalama zingatheke komanso pansi pa mikhalidwe iti. Musaganize kuti mudzapeza mikhalidwe yofanana ndi ngongole ya nyumba wamba.
6. Nanga chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati ndikhala m'nyumba yanga yopuma kwamuyaya?
Boma likhoza kuchitapo kanthu kuti likhazikitse lamulo. Izi zingayambe ndi machenjezo koma zingakule kufika pa malipiro a zilango (dwangsommen) ndipo pamapeto pake anakakamiza anthu kuti atuluke m'nyumba zawo. Khoti Lalikulu linatsimikiza mu 2019 (ECLI:NL:HR:2019:1278) kuti maboma akhoza kutsatira malamulo mosamalitsa, ngakhale simunadziwe za chiletsocho. Simungapeze ufulu chifukwa chakuti maboma sankatsatira malamulo kale kapena kuti ena amakhala kumeneko kosatha. Kutsatira malamulo kukukulirakulira chifukwa cha kusowa kwa nyumba komanso nkhani zokhudzana ndi kukhala m'nyumba mosaloledwa.
7. Kodi ndingasinthe malamulo a paki pambuyo pake kapena kusiya?
Ayi, malamulo a paki ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa mgwirizano wanu wogula. Mumavomerezana nawo mukagula. Malamulowo angasinthidwe pokhapokha ngati woyendetsa pakiyo achita zimenezo, nthawi zambiri ndi mgwirizano wa eni ake ena. Monga mwiniwake payekha, simungasankhe kunyalanyaza malamulowo. Kuphwanya malamulowo kungayambitse chindapusa kapena kuthetsedwa kwa ufulu wanu wogwiritsa ntchito. Werengani malamulowo mosamala musanasainire.
8. Kodi pali phindu la msonkho pogula nyumba ya tchuthi?
Kawirikawiri, ayi. Nyumba yogona anthu nthawi zambiri imaonedwa ngati nyumba yachiwiri chifukwa cha misonkho ndipo imagwera mu "Box 3" (katundu/ndalama zosungidwa). Mumalipira msonkho pa phindu la katundu. Ngati mubwereka nyumbayo m'njira yamalonda, ndalama zomwe mumapeza zitha kugwera mu Box 1 (ndalama zomwe mumapeza kuntchito ndi kunyumba) kapena mu Box 3, kutengera kukula kwa ntchito yobwereka. Palibe kuchotsera chiwongola dzanja cha ngongole ya nyumba monga momwe zimakhalira panyumba yanu yoyamba. Nthawi zonse funsani upangiri wa msonkho musanagule.
9. Kodi ndiyenera kuyang'ana chiyani mu dongosolo la zoning (dongosolo labwino kwambiri)?
Pemphani dongosolo la malo lomwe lilipo panopa kuchokera kwa boma. Samalani kwambiri ndi:
- Dzinalo (zosangalatsa, malo okhala, zosakaniza?).
- Kaya malo okhalamo okhazikika akuloledwa.
- Ziletso zilizonse zomanga nyumba (mungathe kuzikulitsa/kukonzanso?).
- Mapulani amtsogolo (kodi kugawa malo kudzasintha?).
Funsaninso za kukhululukidwa kulikonse kapena kupotoka komwe kwaperekedwa. Dongosolo la kugawa malo ndi lovomerezeka mwalamulo ndipo limaletsa malonjezo ochokera kwa ogulitsa kapena ogulitsa nyumba.
10. Kodi ndingathe kukonzanso kapena kukulitsa nyumba yanga yopuma pambuyo pake?
Izi zimadalira zinthu zitatu: (1) dongosolo la malo a boma, (2) malamulo a paki, ndi (3) mtundu wa umwini. Ndi malo obwereketsa kapena malo osungiramo zinthu, nthawi zambiri mumafunika chilolezo kuchokera kwa woyang'anira paki. Malamulo a paki angakhale ndi malamulo okhwima okhudza kalembedwe ka zomangamanga, malo okwanira, ndi mitundu ya kukonzanso. Boma liyeneranso kupereka chilolezo cha chilengedwe ngati kukonzanso kukufuna. Musaganize kuti mungathe kumanga momasuka—yang'anani mbali zonse zitatu pasadakhale.
11. Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani ngati malo ochitira tchuthi alephera kugwira ntchito?
Izi zimadalira kwambiri kapangidwe ka umwini. Ngati muli ndi malo ndi nyumba yanu yonse, mumakhalabe mwiniwake ngakhale woyendetsa alephera. Ndi lendi kapena superficies, vutoli limakhala lovuta kwambiri—ufulu wanu ulipobe, koma woyang'anira angayese kuthetsa lendi kapena kusintha zinthu. Mwachizolowezi, mapaki nthawi zambiri amatengedwa ndi woyendetsa wina pambuyo pa bankirapuse. Komabe, ndi bwino kuphatikiza zigawo mu mgwirizano zomwe zimakutetezani ngati bankirapuse yalephera komanso kuwona ngati woyendetsayo ali ndi thanzi labwino pazachuma.
12. Kodi ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito notary pogula?
Inde, monga momwe zilili ndi nyumba zachizolowezi, kusamutsa kwa notarial ndikofunikira ku Netherlands. Notarial amafufuza kusamutsa umwini, ndikutsimikizira kulembetsa mu kaundula wa malo (Cadastre), ndikuyang'ana ngongole za nyumba kapena zomangira pa malowo. Komabe, notary sayang'ana yokha ngati malamulo a paki ndi oyenera kapena ngati malo okhala okhazikika aloledwa—muyenera kudzifufuza nokha (kapena kudzera mwa loya). Notary amachita zinthu mosalowerera ndale ndipo makamaka amateteza njira zamalamulo, osati zokha zomwe mukufuna.
13. Kodi ndingagulitse nyumba ya tchuthi mosavuta pambuyo pake?
Kuchuluka kwa ndalama m'nyumba zogona alendo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa poyerekeza ndi nyumba wamba. Msika ndi wochepa chifukwa:
- Si aliyense amene akufuna kapena angathe kulipira ndalama zogulira nyumba yopuma.
- Malamulo oletsa kugwiritsa ntchito nyumba (palibe malo okhala okhazikika, malamulo oletsa kubwereka nyumba) amaletsa ogula.
- Kubwereka kapena zinthu zina zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zikhale zovuta.
- Ndalama zambiri zolipirira mapaki zingakhale zolepheretsa.
Yembekezerani kuti malonda atenga nthawi yayitali ndipo mungalandire ndalama zochepa kuposa zomwe mudalipira, makamaka ngati nyumbayo yatsika mtengo. Onani nyumba yogona tchuthi ngati chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito, osati ndalama zogulira.
14. Kodi kusiyana pakati pa nyumba yosangalalira ndi nyumba yachiwiri n’kotani?
Nyumba yosangalalira (kukonzanso) cholinga chake ndi malo osangalalira ndipo ali pamalo okhala ndi malo osangalalira. Kukhala kosatha sikuloledwa. Nyumba yachiwiri ndi nyumba yanthawi zonse (yokhala ndi malo okhala) yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito ngati nyumba yachiwiri. Ndi nyumba yachiwiri, mutha kukhala kumeneko kosatha, koma mumalipira misonkho mu Bokosi 3 chifukwa si nyumba yanu yayikulu. Mwalamulo, simungagwiritse ntchito nyumba yosangalalira ngati "nyumba yachiwiri" pazifukwa zokhalamo kosatha, ngakhale itakhala ngati nyumba yanthawi zonse.
15. Kodi pali ndalama zobisika zomwe ndiyenera kusamala nazo?
Inde, zingapo:
- Malo obwereketsa ovomerezeka (pachaka, zitha kulembedwa m'ndandanda).
- Ndalama zolipirira paki (pachaka, zimatha kukwera kwambiri).
- Zipangizo zamagetsi (nthawi zina kudzera pa paki, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwera mtengo kuposa mitengo yanthawi zonse).
- Misonkho ya boma (msonkho wa katundu, msonkho wa zinyalala, msonkho wa zimbudzi).
- Inshuwalansi yofunikira (inshuwalansi ya nyumba nthawi zambiri imafunika).
- Ndalama zokonzera (nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwera chifukwa cha malo/kapangidwe kake).
- Malo osungira zinthu zofunika kwambiri (denga, facade, ndi zina zotero).
- Zopereka ku malo ogwirira ntchito pamodzi.
Funsani wogulitsayo kuti akuuzeni za ndalama zonse zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zaka zitatu zapitazi ndipo muwerengere kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito.
16. Kodi ndili ndi ufulu wokhala ndi gawo la ndalama zothandizira?
Inde, monga momwe zilili ndi nyumba zachikhalidwe, mutha kulemba pangano logula ndi chikhazikitso chokhazikika cha ndalama zothandizira. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ndi nyumba zatchuthi chifukwa ndalama zitha kukhala zovuta. Onetsetsani kuti chikhazikitsocho chakonzedwa mokwanira ndipo chimapereka nthawi yokwanira. Ogulitsa ena sakonda chikhazikitso ichi cha nyumba zatchuthi—samalani kwambiri ndipo onetsetsani kuti mwakonza ndalama musanasainire ngati akana.
17. Kodi ndingalembetse nyumbayo ngati nyumba yanga yaikulu ku boma?
Mungayesere, koma ngati dongosolo logawa malo likuletsa kukhala kosatha, kulembetsa ngati nyumba yayikulu sikuvomerezeka mwalamulo pankhani ya ufulu wanu wokhala. Boma likhoza kukana kulembetsa kwanu kapena kukulembetsani kenako nkuyamba kuchitapo kanthu kuti mukhazikitse lamulo loletsa kukhala m'dzikolo mosaloledwa. Kulembetsa kwina sikutanthauza kuti mwaloledwa kukhala kumeneko kosatha mwalamulo—nthawi zonse yang'anani dongosolo logawa malo.
18. Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chiyenera kukhala mu mgwirizano wogula?
Kupatula zinthu zokhazikika, samalani kwambiri:
- Kufotokozera bwino za fomu ya umwini (leasehold/superficies/eni ake).
- Kutchula ndi kuphatikizidwa kwa malamulo a paki.
- Kuchuluka ndi kuwerengera kwa lendi ovomerezeka (ngati kuli kotheka).
- Kuchuluka kwa ndalama zolipirira paki ndi kukwera kwakale.
- Ngongole iliyonse ku paki kapena bungwe la eni ake.
- Zitsimikizo zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kololedwa (nyumba, kubwereka).
- Mkhalidwe wokhazikika wa ndalama.
- Mkhalidwe wa kafukufuku wa kapangidwe ka nyumba ngati kuli koyenera.
- Zinthu zilizonse zomwe zasungidwa mu malonda.
Nthawi zonse pangano liziwunikidwa ndi loya wodziwa bwino ntchito.
19. Kodi pali malamulo apadera kwa ogula akunja?
Njira yogulira nyumba ndi yofanana kwambiri kwa okhalamo ndi omwe si okhalamo. Komabe, pali mfundo zofunika kuziganizira:
- Misonkho: Monga munthu wosakhala m'dzikolo, mumalipirabe msonkho wa katundu wanu pa nyumba ya tchuthi ya ku Netherlands.
- Ndalama: Mabanki aku Dutch sakonda kwambiri ngongole za nyumba za anthu omwe si okhala m'dzikolo.
- Language: Onetsetsani kuti zikalata zofunika zamasuliridwa.
- Kuyimira: Taganizirani za loya/woimira wa ku Dutch.
Nzika za EU zili ndi ufulu wofanana ndi nzika za ku Netherlands. Nzika zomwe si za EU nthawi zambiri zimatha kugula zinthu, koma yang'anani zoletsa zinazake.
20. Kodi ndiyenera kufunafuna loya liti?
Makamaka pamaso Mumasaina pangano logula. Loya akhoza:
- Unikani malamulo a paki kuti mupeze zigawo zosamveka bwino.
- Yang'anani dongosolo la kugawa malo.
- Unikani chikalata cha umwini (zofunikira pa leasehold/superficies).
- Lembani kapena kuwunikanso pangano logula.
- Kambiranani mawu abwino.
- Chenjezo la zoopsa zomwe simungazione.
Mtengo wa loya (nthawi zambiri €1,500-€3,000) ndi wochepa poyerekeza ndi zoopsa za kugula molakwika. Onani ngati inshuwaransi yomwe imakutetezani ku mavuto okwera mtengo kwambiri.
