Zowawa zapakhosi zotchedwa "kutsatira"
Introduction
Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo la Dutch Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorist Financing Act (Wwft) ndipo zosintha zomwe zapangidwa ku Lamuloli zidabwera nyengo yatsopano yoyang'anira. Monga momwe dzinali likusonyezera, bungwe la Wwft lidayambitsidwa pofuna kuthana ndi kubetcha kwa ndalama komanso kupereka ndalama zauchigawenga. Osati mabungwe azachuma okha monga mabanki, makampani oyika ndalama ndi makampani a inshuwaransi, komanso maloya, notary, accountant ndi ntchito zina zambiri akuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti akutsatira malamulowa.
Ndondomekoyi, kuphatikizapo ndondomeko zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi malamulowa, zikufotokozedwa ndi mawu akuti 'kutsata'. Ngati malamulo a Wwft aphwanyidwa, chindapusa chokwera chingatsatire. Poyang'ana koyamba, ulamuliro wa Wwft ukuwoneka wololera, pakadapanda chifukwa chakuti Wwft yakula kukhala ululu weniweni wa khosi, kulimbana ndi zambiri kuposa uchigawenga ndi owononga ndalama: kasamalidwe koyenera ka ntchito zamalonda.
Kufufuza kwa makasitomala
Kuti atsatire Wwft, mabungwe omwe tawatchulawa akuyenera kuchita kafukufuku wamakasitomala. Kupanga kulikonse (kofuna) kwachilendo kumayenera kufotokozedwa ku Dutch Financial Intelligence Unit. Ngati zotsatira za kafukufukuyu sizikupereka zambiri kapena zidziwitso zoyenera kapena ngati kafukufukuyo akuwonetsa zomwe zili zosemphana ndi malamulo kapena zomwe zili m'gulu la anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu pansi pa Wwft, bungweli liyenera kukana ntchito zake. Kufufuza kwamakasitomala komwe kumayenera kuchitidwa ndikwambiri ndipo munthu aliyense amene amawerenga Wwft amatanganidwa ndi ziganizo zazitali, ziganizo zovuta komanso maumboni ovuta.
Ndipo ndicho Chilamulo chokha. Kuphatikiza apo, oyang'anira ambiri a Wwft adatulutsa zolemba zawo zovuta za Wwft. Pamapeto pake, osati chidziwitso cha kasitomala aliyense, kukhala munthu aliyense wachilengedwe kapena wovomerezeka yemwe ubale wabizinesi umakhazikitsidwa kapena m'malo mwake ntchitoyo (ikuyenera) ichitike, komanso chizindikiritso cha eni ake opindulitsa kwambiri (UBO), zotheka Political Exposed Persons (PEPs) ndi oyimira kasitomala ayenera kukhazikitsidwa ndikutsimikiziridwa pambuyo pake.
Matanthauzo azamalamulo a mawu oti "UBO" ndi "PEP" ndiambiri, koma bwerani ku zotsatirazi. Monga UBO idzayeneretsa munthu aliyense wachilengedwe yemwe mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina yoposa 25% ya (gawo) chidwi cha kampani, osakhala kampani yotchulidwa pamsika. PEP, mwachidule, ndi munthu yemwe amagwira ntchito zodziwika bwino za anthu. Kukula kwenikweni kwa kafukufuku wamakasitomala kudzadalira kuwunika kwachiwopsezo kwa bungwe. Kufufuza kumabwera m'njira zitatu: kufufuza kokhazikika, kufufuza kosavuta komanso kufufuza kowonjezereka.
Kuti mukhazikitse ndikutsimikizira kuti anthu ndi mabungwe onse omwe tawatchulawa ndi ndani, pakufunika kapena pakufunika zolemba zingapo, kutengera mtundu wa kafukufuku. Kuyang'ana zolemba zomwe zingatheke kumabweretsa kuwerengetsa kosakwanira: makope a (apostilled) mapasipoti kapena ma identity makadi ena, zotengedwa ku Chamber of Commerce, zolemba zamagulu, kaundula wa omwe ali ndi masheya komanso mawonekedwe amakampani. Pakafukufuku wowonjezereka, zikalata zochulukirapo zitha kufunidwa monga makope amagetsi amagetsi, mapangano a ntchito, malipoti amalipiro ndi mawu aku banki.
Zomwe tatchulazi zimabweretsa kusintha kwa malingaliro kutali ndi kasitomala ndi kupereka kwenikweni kwa ntchito, vuto lalikulu labungwe, kuchuluka kwa ndalama, kutaya nthawi, kufunikira kolemba antchito owonjezera chifukwa cha kutaya nthawi, udindo wophunzitsa ogwira ntchito. pa malamulo a Wwft, makasitomala okwiyitsa, ndipo koposa zonse kuopa kulakwitsa, monga, potsiriza, Wwft inasankha kuika udindo waukulu kuti awunike zochitika zenizeni ndi makampani omwewo pogwira ntchito ndi miyambo yotseguka. .
Kubwezera: poganiza
Kusatsatira kumabweretsa zotsatira zingapo. Choyamba, bungwe likalephera kufotokoza zochitika zachilendo (zofuna) zachilendo, bungweli liri ndi mlandu wachuma pansi pa Dutch (mlandu) chilamulo. Zikafika pakufufuza kwa kasitomala, pali zofunikira zina. Poyamba, bungweli liyenera kuchita kafukufukuyu. Kachiwiri, ogwira ntchito ku bungweli ayenera kuzindikira zochitika zachilendo. Ngati bungwe likalephera kutsatira malamulo a Wwft, m'modzi mwa oyang'anira oyang'anira monga momwe afotokozera ndi Wwft atha kupereka chilango chowonjezera.
Akuluakulu atha kuperekanso chindapusa choyang'anira, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimasiyana pakati pa ndalama zokwana € 10.000 ndi € 4.000.000, kutengera mtundu wolakwira. Komabe, Wwft si mchitidwe wokhawo womwe umapereka chindapusa ndi zilango, chifukwa Sanctions Act ('Sanctiewet') nawonso sangayiwalidwe. Lamulo la Sanctions Act lidakhazikitsidwa kuti likwaniritse zilango zapadziko lonse lapansi. Cholinga cha zilango ndi kukonza zochita zina za mayiko, mabungwe ndi anthu omwe mwachitsanzo amaphwanya malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi kapena ufulu wa anthu. Monga zilango, munthu amatha kuganiza za zoletsa zida, zoletsa zachuma komanso zoletsa kuyenda kwa anthu ena.
Mpaka pano, mndandanda wa zilango wapangidwa pomwe anthu kapena mabungwe amawonetsedwa omwe (mwina) amalumikizana ndi uchigawenga. Pansi pa Sanctions Act, mabungwe azachuma akuyenera kuchitapo kanthu pakuwongolera ndi kuyang'anira kuti awonetsetse kuti akutsatira malamulo a zilango, ngati wina walakwa pazachuma. Komanso pamenepa, chilango chowonjezereka kapena chindapusa choyang'anira chikhoza kuperekedwa.
Chiphunzitso kukhala chenicheni?
Malipoti apadziko lonse lapansi anena kuti dziko la Netherlands likuchita bwino polimbana ndi uchigawenga komanso kuba ndalama. Ndiye, kodi izi zikutanthawuza chiyani pankhani ya zilango zomwe zaperekedwa ngati satsatira? Mpaka pano, maloya ambiri atha kumveketsa bwino ndipo zilango zidapangidwa ngati machenjezo kapena kuyimitsidwa (koyenera). Izi zakhalanso choncho kwa ambiri a notaries ndi ma accountant. Komabe, si onse amene akhala ndi mwayi wotero mpaka pano. Kusalembetsa ndikutsimikizira kuti UBO ndi ndani kwapangitsa kale kampani imodzi kulandira chindapusa cha € 1,500.
Katswiri wamisonkho adalandira chindapusa cha € 20,000, pomwe ndalama za € 10,000 zinali zovomerezeka, chifukwa chosapereka lipoti zachilendo. Zachitika kale kuti loya ndi notary achotsedwa muofesi yawo. Komabe, zilango zazikuluzi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa chakuphwanya mwadala Wwft. Komabe, chindapusa chaching'ono, chenjezo kapena kuyimitsidwa sizitanthauza kuti chilango sichikhala cholemetsa. Kupatula apo, zilango zitha kufotokozedwa poyera, kupanga chikhalidwe cha "kutchula mayina ndi manyazi", zomwe sizingakhale zabwino bizinesi.
Kutsiliza
Wwft yatsimikizira kukhala malamulo ofunikira koma ovuta. Makamaka kafukufuku wa kasitomala amatenga zina, makamaka zomwe zimapangitsa chidwi chake kuchoka pa bizinesi yeniyeniyo - koposa zonse - kasitomala, kutaya nthawi ndi ndalama osati omaliza omwe amakhumudwitsa makasitomala. Mpaka pano, zilango zakhala zikuchepa, ngakhale kuthekera kwakuti chindapusa chikufika kwambiri. Kutchula ndi kuchititsa manyazi ndichinthu china chomwe chimatha kugwira nawo gawo lalikulu. Ngakhale zili choncho, zikuwoneka ngati Wwft ikukwaniritsa zolinga zake, ngakhale njira yotsatirayi ili ndi zopinga zambiri, mapiri azolemba, kuwopseza obwezera komanso kuwombera.
Pomaliza
Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena kapena ndemanga mutawerenga nkhaniyi, omasuka kulankhulana ndi Mr. Ruby van Kersbergen, woyimira milandu ku Law & More kudzera [imelo ndiotetezedwa] kapena mr. Tom Meevis, loya-wamilandu pa Law & More kudzera [imelo ndiotetezedwa] kapena tiyimbireni pa +31 (0)40-3690680.
