Tanthauzo la Cooperative: Chilichonse chomwe muyenera kudziwa za fomu yapadera yamalamulo iyi

1. Mawu Oyamba: Kodi mgwirizano ndi chiyani ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani uli wofunika?

Cooperative ndi bungwe lademokalase la mamembala omwe ali ndi bizinesi limodzi ndikuwongolera. Mgwirizanowu ndi mtundu wapadera wa mgwirizano komanso bungwe lazamalamulo chifukwa limasiyanitsidwa ndi malamulo ake apadera komanso kuti mamembala amapanga zisankho ndikupindula limodzi. Fomu yapadera yamalamuloyi imathandizira amalonda odziyimira pawokha, alimi, ogula ndi amalonda ena kuphatikiza zokonda zawo zakuthupi ndi bizinesi kuti apindule nazo zachuma. Mgwirizano ndi bungwe lodziyimira palokha lomwe limagwirizanitsa anthu kapena opanga kuti akwaniritse zosowa zofanana pazachuma, chikhalidwe kapena chikhalidwe. Mu bukhuli, muphunzira zomwe mgwirizano umatanthauza, chifukwa chake uli wofunikira, komanso momwe umagwirira ntchito.

Timaphimba mfundo zazikuluzikulu, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma cooperative, mbali zazamalamulo monga mangawa ndi msonkho wamakampani, ndi zitsanzo zothandiza zama cooperatives achi Dutch. Kaya mukuganiza zokhazikitsa mabungwe ogwirira ntchito kapena mukungofuna kumvetsetsa momwe mabizinesi amagwirira ntchito, bukhuli limakupatsani chidziwitso chonse chofunikira.

Mgwirizanowu ngati mawonekedwe azamalamulo umapereka maubwino apadera monga chuma chambiri, mphamvu zogulira limodzi ndi ulamuliro wademokalase, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala njira yabwino yosinthira mabizinesi azikhalidwe. Ma cooperative amapereka chuma chambiri pogula zinthu limodzi kapena kugulitsa, kupulumutsa mamembala ndalama. Kuphatikiza apo, ma cooperative amapatsa mamembala awo mwayi wopeza zolinga kapena misika yomwe anthu sangakwanitse.

2. Tanthauzo la Mgwirizano: Mfundo zazikuluzikulu ndi matanthauzo

2.1 Matanthauzo oyambira

Cooperative, yomwe imatchedwa cooperative association, ndi bungwe lazamalamulo momwe mamembala onse amayendetsa bizinesi yawo mwademokalase. Civil Code imatanthawuza mgwirizano ngati mgwirizano ndi umunthu walamulo womwe cholinga chake ndikutumikira zofuna za mamembala ake pogwiritsa ntchito malonda. Ku Netherlands, pali mitundu itatu ya ma cooperatives: UA, BA ndi WA, omwe amawongolera udindo wa mamembala. Kaya mamembala ali ndi udindo amavomerezedwa panthawi yophatikizidwa.

Makhalidwe ofunika ndi awa:

• umembala: Mamembala osachepera awiri amafunikira kuti akhazikitsidwe.
• Ulamuliro wa demokalase: Membala aliyense ali ndi ufulu wovota pamsonkhano waukulu wa mamembala
• Eni ake ogwirizana: Mamembala onse ali ndi kampani
• Cholinga chazachuma: Imayang'ana kwambiri pazopindulitsa za mamembala
• Kugawana nzeru: Ma cooperative nthawi zambiri amakwaniritsa kufunika kogawana nzeru pakati pa mamembala
• luso: Kugwirizana m'ma cooperative kumapangitsa kuti anthu azichita zinthu mwanzeru pogawana malingaliro ndi zothandizira

Kuphatikiza pa utsogoleri wa demokalase ndi umwini wogwirizana, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti cooperative imayang'anira ma invoice, ntchito ndi kugawa phindu pakati pa mamembala ake.

Bungwe la cooperative limasiyana ndi gulu lokhazikika chifukwa limaloledwa kugawa phindu kwa mamembala, zomwe sizingatheke m'mayanjano okhazikika. Komabe, kuipa kwa mgwirizano ndikuti zisankho nthawi zina zimapangidwa pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha demokalase yake.

2.2 Ubale ndi malingaliro ena

Ma cooperatives amagwirizana ndi mafomu ena azamalamulo motere:

• motsutsana ndi Private Limited Company/Public Limited Company: Ulamuliro wa demokalase (membala m'modzi, voti imodzi) motsutsana ndi mphamvu za omwe ali ndi masheya potengera ndalama
• Zotsutsana ndi mgwirizano: Kuthekera kwa kugawa phindu ndikuyang'ana kwambiri zokonda zakuthupi motsutsana ndi zolinga zabwino
• Zotsutsana ndi mgwirizano: Khalidwe lazamalamulo motsutsana ndi bungwe lalamulo losiyana
• Zotsutsana ndi VOF: Zosankha zokhala ndi ngongole zochepa poyerekeza ndi ngongole zambiri
• Versus mutual insurance Association: Mgwirizano wa inshuwaransi ndi mtundu wapadera wa inshuwaransi womwe umangoteteza mamembala ake. Monga mgwirizano, ndi mgwirizano ndi umunthu walamulo, koma cholinga chake chiri pakupanga inshuwalansi mamembala. Kukhazikitsidwa kwake ndi udindo wake ndizofanana mwalamulo ndi za mgwirizano.

Lingaliroli likugwirizana kwambiri ndi ulamuliro wademokalase, pomwe komitiyi imapanga mgwirizano m'malo mwa mamembala onse, koma mamembala amatenga zisankho zofunika kwambiri.

3. Mitundu ya ma cooperative

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yama cooperative, iliyonse ili ndi chidwi chake komanso zabwino zake kwa mamembala. Ma cooperatives ambiri amakhazikitsidwa mozungulira chinthu kapena ntchito yolumikizana, ndipo mgwirizano wa chinthucho ndiwofunika kwambiri pa mgwirizano. Kusankha mtundu wina wa mgwirizano kumatengera zofuna za bizinesi ndi momwe mamembala akufuna kugwirira ntchito limodzi. Mitundu iwiri yodziwika bwino ya ma cooperatives ndi ma cooperative abizinesi ndi ma cooperative abizinesi.

Bungwe labizinesi limayang'ana kwambiri kuyimira zokonda za mamembala ake. Izi zikuphatikiza kugulira limodzi, kugawana ndalama zotsatsa kapena kukonza zinthu pamodzi. Pogwira ntchito limodzi mumgwirizano wamabizinesi, mamembala atha kupindula ndi kuchuluka kwachuma komanso malo olimba pamsika. Mgwirizano wamtunduwu ndi wabwino kwa makampani omwe akufuna kugwirizanitsa mphamvu kuti agwire ntchito bwino ndikusunga ndalama.

Mgwirizano wamabizinesi ndiwodziwika makamaka pakati pa amalonda odzilemba okha, monga odzipangira okha. Mu fomu iyi, amalonda amagwirira ntchito limodzi pama projekiti kapena ntchito zomwe sangathe kuchita payekhapayekha. Ubwino waukulu ndikuti makasitomala amakhala ndi malo amodzi olumikizirana, pomwe mamembala amakampani amakhala ndi ufulu wawo. Izi zimapangitsa mgwirizano wamabizinesi kukhala wosinthika komanso wopezeka mwamalamulo kwa akatswiri omwe akufuna kugwirizanitsa popanda kusiya bizinesi yawo.

Kuphatikiza pa mafomu akuluakuluwa, palinso mitundu ina ya ma cooperatives, monga ma cooperatives ogula ndi opanga ma cooperatives, omwe cholinga chake ndi kulimbikitsa zokonda za mamembala ake. Mulimonse momwe mungasankhire, mfundo yofunikira ikadali yoti mamembala ali olimba limodzi ndipo atha kukwaniritsa zambiri kudzera mu mgwirizano kuposa momwe angathere okha.

3. Chifukwa chiyani ma cooperatives ndi ofunikira mu bizinesi ya Dutch

Ma cooperative atenga gawo lalikulu pachuma cha Dutch kuyambira zaka za zana la 19. Adapangidwa poyankha Revolution Revolution, adapatsa amalonda ang'onoang'ono, alimi ndi ogwira ntchito njira yodzikonzekeretsa motsutsana ndi mphamvu yamsika ya osewera akulu. Chidziwitso cha mgwirizano ngati mawonekedwe alamulo chikukulirakulira, ngakhale sichidziwika bwino kuposa mitundu ina monga BV kapena NV.

Zamakono:

• Rabobank: Banki yayikulu kwambiri ku Netherlands yokhala ndi katundu wopitilira €600 biliyoni
• Friesland, PA: Chimphona chachikulu cha mkaka chapadziko lonse lapansi chomwe chili ndi alimi a mkaka 16,000
• KUPHATIKIZAPO: Supermarket chain momwe amalonda odziyimira pawokha amagwirira ntchito limodzi
• Ma cooperative atha kupereka zogulitsa kapena ntchito palimodzi, kupatsa mamembala mwayi wopeza msika waukulu

Ziwerengero ndi zotsatira zake: Dziko la Netherlands lili ndi mabungwe pafupifupi 2,500 omwe akugwira ntchito pazachuma, omwe amagwira ntchito m'magawo kuyambira paulimi mpaka azachipatala. Mabungwewa amatumikira mamiliyoni a mamembala ndipo palimodzi amapanga ma euro mabiliyoni ambiri pobweza.

Ubwino wa mamembala:

• Kugawana mtengo: Kugawana ndalama zogulira, kutsatsa ndi kuyang'anira
• Mphamvu yogula limodzi: Kukambirana bwino ndi ogulitsa
• Kuopsa kufalikira: Kugawidwa kwa zoopsa zamabizinesi kwa mamembala angapo; pogwirizana ndi mamembala ena, ndalama ndi zoopsa zimagawidwa mwachilungamo.
• Chuma chazikulu: Kupeza misika ndi ntchito zomwe sizingatheke aliyense payekhapayekha

4. Gome lofanizira: Mgwirizano ndi mitundu ina yazamalamulo

5. Pang'onopang'ono: Momwe mgwirizano umagwirira ntchito

Khwerero 1: Kumvetsetsa dongosolo ndi dongosolo

Cooperative imakhala ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana, lililonse liri ndi ntchito yake:

Msonkhano waukulu wa mamembala:

• Thupi lalitali kwambiri mu cooperative
• Amapanga zisankho zofunika pakusintha zolemba zamayanjano, kusankhidwa kwa board, ndikugawa phindu.
• Mamembala onse ali ndi ufulu wovota, mosasamala kanthu za ndalama zomwe amapereka
• Ulamuliro wapamwamba kwambiri mu cooperative ndi msonkhano waukulu wa mamembala, pomwe mamembala amakhala ndi ufulu wawo wovota. Mamembala pawokha amavomereza kugawidwa kwa phindu mkati mwa cooperative. Gawo la phindu, phindu la surplus, limagawidwa kwa mamembala motsatira dongosolo.

Bungwe:

• Kuwongolera tsiku ndi tsiku kwa cooperative
• Bungwe likuchita mapangano m'malo mwa cooperative
• Kuyankha pa msonkhano waukulu wa mamembala
• Kuyang'anira ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku
• Mamembala a board a cooperative amalembetsedwa ndi Chamber of Commerce ndipo ali ndi udindo woyang'anira cooperative.
• Cooperative imathanso kulowa m'makontrakitala ndi anthu ena, zomwe ziyenera kufotokozedwa muzolemba za mayanjano. M'malo mwake, otsogolera sakhala ndi ngongole pa ngongole zilizonse zomwe bungweli likuchita, kupatula ngati sayendetsa bwino.

Mamembala:

• Eni ake a cooperative
• Onse kasitomala ndi mwini wa kampani
• Ufulu wodziwa zambiri komanso kutenga nawo mbali

Gawo 2: Mitundu ya mangawa

Mukakhazikitsa mgwirizano, kusankha kuyenera kupangidwa pakati pa mitundu itatu ya udindo:

• Mamembala saphatikizidwa kwathunthu ku ngongole zangongole
• Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ma cooperatives amakono
• Imateteza katundu wa mamembala
• Pankhani ya cooperative BA kapena WA, bungwe liyenera kutumiza mndandanda wa mamembala ku Chamber of Commerce chaka chilichonse. Chonde dziwani: nthawi zina, monga kusawongolera bwino, wotsogolera atha kukhala ndi mlandu.
• Mamembala sali ndi ngongole zonse
• Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ma cooperatives amakono
• Imateteza katundu wa mamembala

BA (Limited Liability):

• Mamembala ali ndi udindo wofikira ndalama zomwe zidakonzedweratu
• Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma co-op pomwe mamembala amafuna kutenga nawo gawo pazowopsa
• Chiwongola dzanja chachikulu chafotokozedwa m'nkhani za mgwirizano
• Mamembala atha kuyimbidwa mlandu molumikizana komanso mosiyanasiyana
• Zofanana ndi dongosolo la mgwirizano wamba
• Sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri chifukwa cha chiopsezo chachikulu kwa mamembala
• Ngati mamembala asankha kukhala ndi ngongole zalamulo (WA), ali ndi ngongole zofanana komanso zofanana.
• Mamembala atha kuyimbidwa mlandu molumikizana komanso mosiyanasiyana
• Zofanana ndi dongosolo la mgwirizano wamba
• Sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri chifukwa cha chiopsezo chachikulu kwa mamembala

Makhalidwe atatuwa amatsimikizira kuti mamembala ali ndi udindo pazachuma pa ngongole za cooperative. Cooperative iyenera kuphatikiza UA, BA, kapena WA kumapeto kwa dzina lake molingana ndi udindo wake.

UA (Kupatula Ngongole):

• Mamembala saphatikizidwa kwathunthu ku ngongole zangongole
• Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ma cooperatives amakono
• Imateteza katundu wa mamembala

BA (Limited Liability):

• Mamembala ali ndi udindo wofikira ndalama zomwe zidakonzedweratu
• Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma cooperative pomwe mamembala amafuna kutenga nawo gawo pazowopsa
• Chiwongola dzanja chachikulu chafotokozedwa m'nkhani za mgwirizano

WA (Statutory Liability):

• Mamembala atha kuyimbidwa mlandu molumikizana komanso mosiyanasiyana
• Zofanana ndi dongosolo la mgwirizano wamba
• Sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri chifukwa cha chiopsezo chachikulu kwa mamembala

Gawo 3: Kukhazikitsa ndi kulembetsa

• Cooperative imakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo polemba chikalata cha notarial ndikulembetsa ndi Chamber of Commerce.
• Notary amalemba chikalata cholembetsa
• Zolemba za mgwirizano zikuphatikizidwa muzochita
• Notary amalembetsa mamembala onse ngati oyambitsa nawo
• Notarial deed ili ndi zolemba za mgwirizano wa cooperative, momwe mapangano ofunikira ndi malamulo amayikidwa. Zolemba za mgwirizano wa cooperative ziyenera kusinthidwa ndi notary kuti apange mapangano osinthika. Cooperative ikakhazikitsidwa, zoyenereza za umembala zimaphatikizidwanso m'mabuku a bungwe.
• Notary amalemba chikalata cholembetsa
• Zolemba za mgwirizano zikuphatikizidwa muzochita
• Notary amalemba mamembala onse ngati oyambitsa nawo
• Notarial deed ili ndi zolemba za mgwirizano wa cooperative, momwe mapangano ofunikira ndi malamulo amayikidwa. Zolemba za mgwirizano wa cooperative ziyenera kusinthidwa ndi notary kuti apange mapangano osinthika. Cooperative ikakhazikitsidwa, zoyenereza za umembala zimaphatikizidwanso m'mabuku a bungwe.
• Notary amalemba chikalata cholembetsa
• Zolemba za mgwirizano zikuphatikizidwa muzochita
• Notary amalemba mamembala onse ngati oyambitsa nawo

Kulembetsa kovomerezeka:

• Kulembetsa ndi Chamber of Commerce Trade Register mkati mwa masiku 8
• Lemberani nambala yozindikiritsa VAT ngati ikuyenera
• Kulembetsa kwa UBO (eni eni ake opindula) ndikofunikira
• Malayisensi aliwonse okhudzana ndi mafakitale
• Cooperative iyenera kulembetsedwa mu Trade Register kuti izigwira ntchito movomerezeka
• Kulembetsa ndi Chamber of Commerce Trade Register mkati mwa masiku 8
• Lemberani nambala ya ID ya VAT ngati ikuyenera
• Kulembetsa kwa UBO (eni eni ake omaliza) ndikofunikira
• Malayisensi aliwonse okhudzana ndi mafakitale

Msonkho:

• Misonkho yamakampani a Cooperative: mtengo wokhazikika ukugwira ntchito
• Kulembetsa kwa VAT pakubweza kupitilira €20,000
• Misonkho ya malipiro ngati antchito alembedwa ntchito. Ma cooperative akuyenera kutsata malamulo oyendetsera ntchito ndi malipoti apachaka. Pali udindo wapachaka wa cooperative kukonza malipoti apachaka.

Ulamuliro ndi malipoti apachaka a ma cooperatives

Utsogoleri wokhazikika ndiye msana wa mgwirizano uliwonse. Sikuti ndizofunika zamalamulo, zimatsimikiziranso kuti mgwirizanowu ukhoza kugwira ntchito momveka bwino komanso moyenera kwa mamembala ake ndi maphwando akunja. Kaya muli ndi cooperative yokhala ndi mangawa ochepa (BA), mangawa azamalamulo (WA) kapena ngongole zosaphatikizidwa (UA), maudindo oyang'anira ndi gawo lofunikira pakuchita bizinesi yogwirizana.

7. Phindu ndi msonkho m'ma cooperative

Kapangidwe kazachuma ka ma cooperative ndi apadera ndipo amapatsa mamembala mwayi wosiyanasiyana kuti apindule ndi kupambana kwawo konse. Phindu la cooperative lili ndi magawo awiri: phindu lowonjezera ndi phindu la mgwirizano womwewo. Phindu lowonjezera ndi gawo la phindu lomwe limaperekedwa mwachindunji kwa mamembala a cooperative, nthawi zambiri kutengera zopereka zawo kapena ntchito yomwe achita mkati mwa cooperative. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti mamembala amapindula mwachindunji ndi zoyesayesa zawo ndi mgwirizano wawo.

Gawo lina ndi phindu lomwe limakhalabe mkati mwa mgwirizano. Phinduli litha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuyika ndalama mubizinesi, monga kukulitsa, kupanga zatsopano kapena kulimbikitsa chuma. Cooperative ikhozanso kusankha kugawa gawo la phinduli kwa mamembala, malingana ndi zomwe zalembedwa m'nkhani za bungwe.

Pankhani ya msonkho, cooperative imalipira msonkho wamakampani pa phindu lomwe latsala pambuyo pogawa zomwe zasungidwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mgwirizanowu ufanane ndi mabungwe ena azamalamulo monga makampani apadera. Mamembala a cooperative omwe amagwira ntchito ngati amalonda odzipangira okha, mwachitsanzo ndi eni eni eni eni, amalipira msonkho pazopeza zawo, kuphatikiza gawo lomwe amalandira ngati phindu lowonjezera kuchokera kumakampani.

Kuphatikiza apo, cooperative iyenera kulembetsa ku Tax and Customs Administration ndipo ipatsidwa nambala yozindikiritsa VAT. Kampaniyo ikuyenera kubweza VAT pakubweza kwake. Mamembala a cooperative athanso kudzilemba okha ntchito pazolinga za VAT ndipo amayenera kulipiritsa VAT popereka ma invoice ku kampaniyo. Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti misonkho ya ma cooperative ndi mamembala ake ikhala yomveka bwino komanso yowonekera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti onse apindule mokwanira ndi bizinesi yogwirizana.

6. Maganizo olakwika omwe anthu ambiri amawakhulupirira pazamakampani

Kusamvetsetsa 1: Ma cooperative ndi a alimi okha komanso makampani a mkaka Ngakhale mabungwe azaulimi ndi ofunikira m'mbiri, masiku ano pali mabungwe pafupifupi pafupifupi magawo onse: mphamvu, zaumoyo, zogulitsa, zoyendera ndi ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, anthu odzilemba okha amatha kugwirira ntchito limodzi kuti agwire ntchito limodzi.

Maganizo olakwika 2: Ma cooperative saloledwa kupanga phindu Ma cooperative amaloledwadi kugawa phindu kwa mamembala awo. Kusiyana ndi mayanjano ndikuti kugawa phindu kumaloledwa, pokhapokha ngati izi zachitika motsatira zolemba zamagulu komanso zokonda za mamembala.

Lingaliro lolakwika lachitatu: Mamembala onse ali ndi udindo wawo payekha Pankhani ya UA (ngongole yochotsedwa), mamembala sakhala ndi ngongole za cooperative. Mamembala akale amachotsedwanso paudindo atachotsedwa umembala wawo.

Ovomereza nsonga: Pewani kusamvetsetsana kumeneku popereka chidziwitso chomveka bwino kuyambira pachiyambi cha mtundu wosankhidwa wa udindo ndi zotheka mkati mwa chitsanzo cha mgwirizano.

7. Chitsanzo chothandiza: Kuchita bwino kwa mgwirizano wachi Dutch

Nkhani yophunzira: FrieslandCampina – kuchokera kumafakitale ang'onoang'ono a mkaka kupita ku mgwirizano wapadziko lonse

Mkhalidwe Woyamba (1871): Alimi amkaka am'deralo ku Friesland anakhazikitsa malo ang'onoang'ono opangira mkaka kuti azikonza ndi kugulitsa mkaka pamodzi. Alimi aliyense payekha anali ochepa kwambiri kuti akambirane mwachindunji ndi ogula akuluakulu.

Njira zopambana:

1. Mgwirizano wapadera: Alimi a m’dera linalake amaphatikiza mkaka wawo
2. Chogulitsa chophatikizana, chomwe ndi mkaka, chimapanga maziko a mgwirizano mkati mwa cooperative ndipo ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuchita bizinesi limodzi.
3. Kuphatikiza ndi Economies of Scale: Ma cooperative ang'onoang'ono aphatikizidwa kuti akhale osewera amchigawo
4. Internationalization: Kukula mumisika yakunja kuti mupeze mwayi wogulitsa bwino
5. Zatsopano ndi zamakono: Kuyika ndalama muukadaulo komanso kupanga zinthu zatsopano
6. Kugula kwa Strategic: Kukula kudzera muzogula kunyumba ndi kunja

Zotsatira zamakono (2023):

Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsa momwe ma cooperative angakulire kuchokera ku mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi kupita kumayiko ena, pomwe mamembala akupindula ndi chuma chambiri komanso msika wamphamvu.

8. Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi okhudza tanthauzo la mgwirizano

Funso 1: Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mgwirizano ndi mgwirizano? Kampani ikhoza kugawira phindu kwa mamembala ake ndikuyang'ana kwambiri zokonda zakuthupi, pomwe bungwe limakhala ndi zolinga zabwino ndipo silingagawane phindu. Onse ali ndi umunthu walamulo komanso dongosolo la kayendetsedwe ka demokarasi.

Funso 2: Kodi ma cooperative angagawane phindu kwa mamembala? Inde, ndiko kusiyana kwakukulu ndi mayanjano. Ma cooperatives atha kugawira phindu kwa mamembala, malinga ngati izi zanenedwa m'nkhani zamagulu ndipo zimachitika molingana ndi kiyi yogawa yomwe mwagwirizana.

Funso 3: Kodi ma cooperative amapereka msonkho wanji? Kampaniyo imayenera kukhomedwa msonkho wamakampani (25.8% pa phindu loposa €395,000), VAT pamapindu ake, ndi misonkho yamalipiro ngati italemba antchito. Kampaniyo imalipira misonkhoyi mofanana ndi mabungwe ena azamalamulo.

Funso 4: Kodi mgwirizano ndi woyenera anthu odzilemba okha ntchito? Inde, amalonda odzilemba okha atha kukhazikitsa mgwirizano wogulira limodzi, kupeza makontrakiti, kapena kugawana maofesi. Chonde dziwani kuti izi zitha kukhala ndi zotsatira pazopereka zachitetezo cha anthu komanso chitetezo cha anthu.

Funso 5: Kodi mungathetse bwanji mgwirizano? Mgwirizano umathetsedwa ndi chigamulo chovomerezeka cha msonkhano waukulu wa mamembala, kutsatiridwa ndi kuchotsedwa ndi kuchotsedwa kulembetsa ndi Chamber of Commerce. Katundu aliyense wotsala amagawidwa motsatira mfundo za mgwirizano. Pakakhala kutha kapena kutha, mamembala a cooperative atha kukhala ndi mlandu kwa cooperative pachosowa chilichonse.

9. Pomaliza: Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za tanthauzo la mgwirizano

Mfundo 5 zofunika kwambiri za ma cooperatives:

1. Mwini wa demokalase: Mamembala ndi eni ake ogwirizana ndipo amalamulira mwademokalase ndi ufulu wovota
2. Mlandu wosinthika: Kusankha pakati pa UA, BA, kapena WA kumatsimikizira kuopsa kwa mamembala
3. Ubwino pazachuma: Chuma chambiri, kugawana mtengo komanso mphamvu zogulira limodzi zimalimbitsa msika
4. Kugawa phindu kumaloledwa: Mosiyana ndi mabungwe, mabungwe amatha kugawa phindu kwa mamembala
5. Ntchito zambiri: Yoyenera m'magawo osiyanasiyana, kuyambira paulimi mpaka ntchito zamakono

Ndi liti pamene mgwirizano ndi woyenera? Mgwirizano ndi woyenerera kwa amalonda omwe akufuna kugwirira ntchito limodzi koma osadziyimira pawokha, akufuna kugula kapena kugulitsa limodzi, kapena akuwona kuti ulamuliro wademokalase ndi wofunikira.

Ndi liti pamene sichoyenera? Popanga zisankho mwachangu, osunga ndalama akunja, kapena pomwe mamembala ali ndi zokonda zosiyana zomwe zimakhala zovuta kugwirizanitsa.

Gawo lotsatira: Kodi mukuganiza zokhazikitsa mgwirizano? Lumikizanani ndi loya kapena woyimira milandu pa Law & Zambiri pamalangizo ogwirizana. 

Action: Onani ngati maubwino abizinesi yogwirizana akugwirizana ndi zolinga zanu zamabizinesi komanso ngati mukulolera kuyikapo zisankho zademokalase komanso kutengapo gawo kwa mamembala.