Magalimoto odziyendetsa okha si chinthu chamtsogolo chokha. Magalimoto omwe ali ndi ntchito zodziyendetsa okha ali kale m'misewu ya ku Netherlands, pomwe kuyesa magalimoto opanda dalaivala m'galimotoyo ndikothekera mwalamulo malinga ndi zomwe zili mu gawo 149aa ndime 1 ya Road Traffic Act. Izi zikubweretsa funso loti ndani ali ndi mlandu ngati galimoto yotereyi iyambitsa ngozi yomwe imabweretsa kuvulala kapena kufa. Yankho lalifupi ndilakuti lamulo la milandu yaku Netherlands limayambabe kuchokera kwa anthu kapena mabungwe omwe ali ndi udindo, monga dalaivala, woyendetsa, kapena bungwe lovomerezeka lomwe lili kumbuyo kwa dongosololi. Dongosolo lodziyimira palokha si nkhani yaupandu yokha.
Kuphwanya malamulo apamsewu koyambirira
Poyambira pali milandu yodziwika bwino ya pamsewu ya 1994 Road Traffic Act. Nkhani 6 imaika ngozi ya pamsewu yomwe imachitika chifukwa cha cholakwika chomwe chimabweretsa imfa kapena kuvulala kwambiri. Nkhani 5 ndi, kuyambira 2020, nkhani 5a ndime 1 zimagwira ntchito ngati malamulo opepuka komanso olemera kwambiri oika pachiwopsezo, ngakhale popanda kuvulala kwenikweni. Kuopsa kwa milandu kumapangidwanso ndi nkhani 175, 176, 178 ndi 179, kuphatikizapo kuthekera kwa kuchotsedwa kwina kwa galimoto.
Muyezo wokhazikitsa cholakwika motsatira nkhani 6 ndi wokhwima komanso wosavuta. Khoti Lalikulu la Limburg linanena kuti sizingatchulidwe mwachidule ngati kuphwanya lamulo kamodzi kokha kwa magalimoto ndikokwanira chifukwa cha cholakwika, chifukwa kuwunika kuyenera kuyang'ana khalidwe lonse, mtundu ndi kuopsa kwa kuphwanya lamulo, ndi zina zomwe zikuchitika pankhaniyi. Chigamulo chaposachedwa cha Khoti Lalikulu la Gelderland chikuwonetsa izi momveka bwino. Cholakwika chimodzi choyendetsa galimoto, chomwe sichinalamulidwe mokwanira pagalimoto, chinali chiopsezo motsatira nkhani 5 koma osati kusasamala komwe kumafunika motsatira nkhani 6.
Pa magalimoto odziyendetsa okha, kusiyana kumeneku n'kofunika kwambiri. Ngati dalaivala wa munthu amadalira kwambiri makinawo, anyalanyaza machenjezo, kapena akugwiritsa ntchito galimoto kunja kwa malo ake ololedwa, mlandu waupandu umakhala wosavuta kuganiza. Koma ngati makinawo okha apanga cholakwika popanda woyang'anira munthuyo kulowererapo kapena kulowererapo, kugwiritsa ntchito gawo 6 kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.
Zimene machitidwe a ku Dutch akuwonetsa kale
Chilolezo cha mtundu womwe RDW idapereka mu Epulo 2026 cha dongosolo la Tesla la FSD Supervised chikuwonetsa momwe wopanga malamulo ndi woyang'anira amakonzera ubalewu pakadali pano. RDW ikugogomezera momveka bwino kuti galimoto yokhala ndi FSD Supervised siyendetsa yokha. Ndi njira yothandizira dalaivala yapamwamba yomwe ingathe kuchita ntchito zambiri zoyendetsera, koma dalaivala amakhalabe ndi udindo ndipo ayenera kulowererapo nthawi zonse. Masensa amawunika ngati dalaivala akuyang'ana msewu ndipo manja awo alipo kuti atenge gudumu nthawi yomweyo. Ngati tcheru silikwanira, zizindikiro zochenjeza zimatsatira, ndipo dongosololi limatha kuzimitsidwa kwakanthawi.
Chitsanzo ichi chikutsimikizira mzere womwe watengedwa mu malamulo a milandu. Bola ngati dongosolo lavomerezedwa mwalamulo komanso mwaukadaulo ngati dongosolo lothandizira dalaivala m'malo mwa dongosolo lodziyimira palokha, dalaivala amakhalabe wolankhulidwa ndi malamulo omwe ali mu nkhani 5 ndi 6. Chifukwa chake, kuvomerezedwa kwa mtunduwo sikusintha chilichonse chokhudza poyambira udindo wa anthu, pomwe nthawi yomweyo kukuwonetsa momveka bwino kuti ukadaulo womwe ukugwiritsidwa ntchito kale umapitilira kale kupitirira ulamuliro wamba wapamadzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwunika kolondola kwa cholakwika ndi mlandu pamilandu iliyonse kukhala kovuta kwambiri.
Ndondomeko yoyesera magalimoto opanda dalaivala
Njira yosiyana imagwira ntchito pamagalimoto opanda dalaivala mgalimoto yokha. Nkhani 149aa ndime 1 imafuna chilolezo cha kuyesa kotere. Chilolezo chimenecho chingaphatikizepo kuchotsedwa pa malamulo osiyanasiyana, koma osati mwachindunji kuchokera ku nkhani 5 ndi 6. Ngakhale m'malo oyesera, malamulo akuluakulu a magalimoto amilandu amakhalabe ogwira ntchito mokwanira. Nkhani 149ab ndime 1 imafunanso kuti chilolezocho chifotokoze njira zotetezera zomwe zimatengedwa, momwe kuyang'anira ndi kuwunika kumachitikira, yemwe dalaivala ali ndi komwe ali, komanso magalimoto angati omwe dalaivala angayang'anire nthawi imodzi. Izi sizongokhudza kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kokha, komanso zingaperekenso umboni wofunikira wokhudza milandu pambuyo pa chochitika.
Udindo wa bungwe lovomerezeka
Ngati cholakwika sichingatchulidwe kuti ndi cha munthu wogwiritsa ntchito msewu, bungwe lovomerezeka limawonekera. Nkhani 51 ndime 1 ya Criminal Code imalola momveka bwino kuti mabungwe alamulo aziimbidwa mlandu, komanso kuti mtsogoleri kapena munthu amene anatsogolera khalidwe loletsedwalo aziimbidwa mlandu. Pankhani ya magalimoto odziyendetsa okha, izi zitha kukhala zofunikira kwa opanga, makampani opanga mapulogalamu, kapena ogwiritsa ntchito, mwachitsanzo pamene zosintha za mapulogalamu zolakwika zaperekedwa, machenjezo odziwika bwino a chitetezo anyalanyazidwa, kapena magalimoto aikidwa m'galimoto mwadala pomwe pali mavuto odziwika bwino achitetezo. Kungoti mapulogalamu alakwitsa sikokwanira. Mlanduwu uyenera kutsatiridwa ndi zisankho zenizeni, zoyipa za bungwe, monga njira zosakwanira zoyesera, zosintha zosasamalidwa, kapena malangizo omwe adatsogolera ku khalidwe loletsedwa.
Choyambitsa ngati chopinga china
Ndi magalimoto odziyendetsa okha kapena odziyendetsa okha, zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingachitike nthawi zambiri zimagwirizana, monga cholakwika choyang'aniridwa ndi anthu, cholakwika cha pulogalamu, vuto la sensa, deta yolakwika ya mapu, kapena machitidwe a ogwiritsa ntchito ena pamsewu. Kuphwanya lamulo ndi zotsatira zokhudzana ndi upandu sizigwirizana zokha. Chitsanzo ndi chigamulo cha Khoti Lalikulu la North Holland, chomwe chidagamula kuti Tesla yomwe idayima panthawi yake idaswa unyolo woyambitsa. M'milandu yamtsogolo yokhudza kuyendetsa galimoto yokha, nthawi zonse ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa padera kuti cholakwika chomwe chadziwika, osati chinthu china, ndi chomwe chidayambitsa ngoziyo ndi zotsatira zake.
Mavuto okhuza umboni wokhudzana ndi deta yaukadaulo
Kumene milandu yakale ya magalimoto nthawi zambiri imayang'ana liwiro, mawonekedwe, mtunda ndi nthawi yochitira zinthu, kuyendetsa galimoto yokha kumawonjezera mapulogalamu, deta yojambulira deta ya zochitika, zolemba zamagalimoto, deta ya masensa ndi mbiri yosintha. Khoti Lalikulu la Ufulu Wachibadwidwe ku Ulaya limazindikira kuti magwero amagetsi ndi aukadaulo a umboni amatha kuyambitsa mafunso ena okhudza kudalirika ndi kukhulupirika, ndipo kukana umboni woteteza milandu yovuta kwambiri kuyenera kuganiziridwa moyenera malinga ndi nkhani 6 ya Mgwirizanowu. Izi zitha kukhala zofunikira pankhani imeneyi pamene chitetezo chikupempha mwayi wopeza deta yochokera, telemetry yamagalimoto, kapena katswiri wodziyimira pawokha popanga zisankho za algorithmic.
Malire omwe akhazikitsidwa ndi nkhani 7 ya Msonkhanowu
Mfundo yalamulo motsatira nkhani 7 ya Pangano la Ufulu wa Anthu ku Ulaya imaika malire omveka bwino pa kukula kulikonse kwa mlandu waupandu. Mlandu waupandu uyenera kukhazikitsidwa pa malamulo opezeka mosavuta komanso odziwikiratu komanso malamulo a milandu. Kufotokozera bwino malamulo omwe alipo kale n'kololedwa, koma kukulitsa kosayembekezereka kapena kosayembekezereka sikuloledwa. Pa magalimoto odziyendetsa okha izi zikutanthauza kuti kusowa kwa malamulo enieni aukadaulo sikutanthauza kuti kuzenga mlandu sikungatheke, koma zikutanthauza kuti mlandu uyenera kukhazikika pa malamulo omwe alipo, omveka bwino. Malamulo a upandu sangapange wolakwa chifukwa chosakhutira ndi zotsatira zake zoopsa.
MAFUNSO OFUNSIDWA KAWIRIKAWIRI
Kodi dalaivala nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mlandu pa ngozi ya galimoto yodziyendetsa yokha?
Ayi. Dalaivala ndiye amene amalandira malamulo a nkhani 5 ndi 6 za Road Traffic Act, koma ngati ali ndi mlandu weniweni zimadalira ngati angaimbidwe mlandu. Ngati adagwiritsa ntchito dongosololi moyenera, mkati mwa malo ololedwa kugwira ntchito, ndipo sanafunikire kulowererapo, kusasamala komwe kuli mkati mwa tanthauzo la nkhani 6 n'kovuta kutsimikiza.
Kodi wopanga magalimoto angaimbidwe mlandu chifukwa cha ngozi?
Mwachidule, inde, potengera nkhani 51 ya Criminal Code, koma pokhapokha ngati ngoziyo ingathe kutsatiridwa ndi chisankho chokhazikika, chokhazikika, monga njira yoyesera yosakwanira, kunyalanyaza machenjezo odziwika bwino achitetezo, kapena kutulutsa zosintha zolakwika za pulogalamu. Kungoti mapulogalamu alakwitsa sikokwanira pa mlandu waupandu wa wopanga.
Kodi kuvomerezedwa kwa Tesla FSD Supervised kumatanthauza kuti galimotoyo imadziyendetsa yokha?
Ayi. Bungwe la RDW latsimikiza momveka bwino kuti FSD Supervised ndi njira yotsogola yothandizira madalaivala osati njira yodziyendetsera yokha. Dalaivala amakhalabe ndi udindo, ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa msewu, ndipo ayenera kulowererapo nthawi yomweyo. Izi zilinso ndi zotsatirapo za milandu, chifukwa motero dalaivala amakhalabe wolankhulidwa ndi malamulo omwe ali mu nkhani 5 ndi 6.
Kodi ku Netherlands kuli kale kololedwa kuyendetsa magalimoto opanda dalaivala?
Pokhapokha ngati pali njira zoyesera zomwe chilolezo chaperekedwa motsatira nkhani 149aa. Ngakhale zili choncho, nkhani 5 ndi 6 zikugwirabe ntchito mokwanira, ndipo chilolezocho chiyenera kufotokoza, pakati pa zinthu zina, yemwe woyendetsa galimotoyo ndi ndani, komwe ali, ndi njira zotetezera zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kodi deta ya galimoto monga zolemba ndi deta ya masensa imagwira ntchito bwanji pa mlandu waupandu?
Udindo wofunikira komanso wokulirapo. Pakuyendetsa galimoto yokha, nthawi zambiri pamafunika kudalira mapulogalamu, deta yojambulira deta ya zochitika, deta ya masensa, ndikusintha mbiri kuti mudziwe zomwe zinachitika komanso ngati pali chifukwa choyambitsa ngoziyi. Umboni wamtunduwu umabweretsa mafunso ake okhudza kudalirika ndi kupezeka kwa chitetezo.
Kodi munthu angaimbidwe mlandu chifukwa chakuti lamulo silili ndi malamulo enieni okhudza magalimoto odziyendetsa okha?
Ayi. Mfundo yalamulo malinga ndi nkhani 7 ya Pangano la Ufulu wa Anthu ku Ulaya silola kuti munthu akhale ndi mlandu chifukwa chakuti zotsatira zake sizikukhutiritsa anthu. Udindo uyenera kukhala wokhazikika pa malamulo omwe alipo komanso omveka bwino.
Kutsiliza
Pakadali pano dziko la Netherlands lili ndi malamulo ogwirira ntchito, ngakhale kuti sali okhudzana ndi ukadaulo, okhudza ngozi zokhudzana ndi magalimoto odziyendetsa okha. Malamulo amenewo akuyang'anabe pa mlandu wa anthu ndi mabungwe, osati pa dongosolo lodziyimira palokha ngati wochita zinthu wodziyimira pawokha. Kuvomerezedwa kwa Tesla FSD Supervised kukuwonetsa kuti woyang'anira, nayenso, amatsatira mfundo imeneyi, polemba momveka bwino kuti dalaivala adakali ndi mlandu. M'tsogolomu, mafunso atatu adzakhala ofunikira. Ndani anali wolankhulirana ndi lamuloli, ndi vuto liti lenileni lomwe lingakhale ndi mlandu, ndipo kodi ngoziyo ingatchulidwe motsimikiza kuti ndi vuto limenelo chifukwa cha zomwe zinachitika komanso moonekeratu. Kwa opanga, ogwira ntchito ndi opanga mapulogalamu, ndikofunikira kulemba bwino njira zoyesera, kusintha njira ndi maudindo amkati, kuti pambuyo pa ngozi zidziwike bwino zomwe zidasankhidwa komanso ndi ndani. Kodi muli ndi mafunso okhudza udindo wokhudzana ndi automation yamagalimoto, kapena mukukhudzidwa ndi mkangano womwe nkhaniyi ikuchita? Chonde musazengereze kulankhulana nafe. Law & More kuti mukambirane popanda kukakamiza.
