Olemba ntchito ambiri amapempha Satifiketi Yochita Zinthu Mwanzeru (mu Chidatchi: Verklaring Omtrent het Gedrag, kapena VOG) panthawi yofunsira ntchito kapena pantchito. Izi zimadzutsa mafunso, makamaka ngati mudakumanapo ndi bungwe la chilungamo. Kodi pali chiyani chomwe chili m'mbiri yanu yaupandu? Kodi olemba ntchito angafunse za izi? Ndipo kodi kuweruzidwa kuti ndi wolakwa kumatanthauza kuti simudzalandira VOG?
Mu blog iyi tikufotokoza tanthauzo la VOG, momwe kuwunikaku kumagwirira ntchito komanso ufulu wanu ndi maudindo anu monga wofunsira ntchito, wantchito kapena wolemba ntchito.
Kodi VOG (Satifiketi Yochita Zinthu Mwanzeru) ndi chiyani?
VOG ndi chilengezo chotsimikizira kuti mbiri yanu yoweruza milandu si yotsutsa udindo, ntchito kapena ntchito inayake. VOG imaperekedwa ndi Dienst Justis yekha, m'malo mwa Unduna wa Zachilungamo ndi Chitetezo. Kuwunika kwakukulu kuli m'manja mwa Bungwe Loona za Chitsimikizo cha Makhalidwe Abwino (COVOG). Maziko alamulo afotokozedwa mu Judicial and Criminal Records Act (Wjsg), yomwe yafotokozedwa mu Malamulo a Ndondomeko ya VOG-NP-RP 2025.
Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa VOG ndi mbiri yaupandu. Mawu akuti "mbiri yaupandu" amatanthauza zikalata za khothi zomwe zalembedwa mu Judicial Documentation System (JDS). Izi sizingakhale ndi milandu yokha, komanso zigamulo, zilango, zigamulo zakunja kwa khothi, milandu yomwe ikuyembekezera komanso kuchotsedwa ntchito kwina. Kusulidwa sikuwerengedwa. VOG sikupereka chidziwitso chilichonse pa izi: zotsatira zake ndi kungoti VOG yaperekedwa kapena ayi chifukwa cha pempholi.
Chifukwa chake, mbiri yakale yaupandu sizitanthauza kuti VOG idzakanidwa. Kuwunikaku nthawi zonse kumalumikizidwa ndi udindo kapena zochita zomwe VOG ikufunika.
Kodi olemba ntchito angapemphe VOG?
Pa maudindo ena, lamulo limafuna kuti VOG igwire ntchito, mwachitsanzo m'magawo ena a maphunziro, chisamaliro cha ana, chisamaliro chaumoyo ndi zoyendera anthu. Kunja kwa magawo amenewo, olemba ntchito angapemphe VOG, mwachitsanzo ngati udindo ukukhudza udindo wa ndalama, katundu, chidziwitso chachinsinsi kapena anthu ofooka. Nthawi zina izi zimakonzedwa mu mgwirizano wa ogwira ntchito (cao).
Olemba ntchito sangapemphe zikalata zanu za khothi. Deta imeneyo siipezeka mosavuta kwa olemba ntchito. VOG cholinga chake ndi chida chowunikira pang'ono: olemba ntchito amangoona zotsatira za kuwunika, osati zambiri zaupandu zomwe zili mkati mwake.
Kwa olemba ntchito, pempho la VOG liyenera kugwirizana ndi mtundu wa ntchitoyo. VOG iyenera kukhala ndi chifukwa chomveka chokhudzana ndi ntchito.
Kodi muyenera kuulula mbiri yaupandu panthawi yofunsira ntchito?
Kawirikawiri, simuyenera kuulula mbiri yanu yaupandu mwa kufuna kwanu. Chifukwa chake palibe udindo wonse wonena choncho.
Izi zitha kukhala zosiyana pa mfundo zomwe zikugwirizana ndi udindowo. Ganizirani za udindo wazachuma pambuyo pa mlandu wachinyengo, kapena ntchito yoyendetsa galimoto pambuyo pa mlandu woyendetsa galimoto uli m'mowa. Komanso, ngati wolemba ntchito akufunsa funso lokhudzana ndi ntchito, muyenera kuyankha moona mtima.
Kubisa mfundo zofunika kungayambitse mavuto pambuyo pake. Kutengera ndi momwe zinthu zilili, izi zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo pa ubale wantchito. Lamulo lofunika kwambiri kwa ofunsira ntchito ndi antchito: simuyenera kuulula zambiri kuposa momwe mukufunira, koma chilichonse chomwe muulula chiyenera kukhala cholondola.
Kodi mumapempha bwanji kuti mulembetse ku VOG?
Simungayambe nokha fomu yofunsira ntchito ya VOG. Bwana kapena kasitomala ndiye amene amatenga gawo loyamba; pambuyo pake mumamaliza fomuyo nokha, pogwiritsa ntchito digito kapena polemba kudzera ku boma.
Pa fomu yofunsira ya digito mumalandira imelo yokhala ndi khodi yofunsira. Mumalowa ndi DigiD, onani zambiri zanu ndikulipira ndi iDEAL. Mu 2026 ndalama zake ndi ma euro 33.85 pa fomu yofunsira ya digito ndi ma euro 41.35 pa fomu yofunsira yolembedwa kudzera m'boma. Kwa odzipereka omwe amagwira ntchito ndi ana kapena anthu ovutika, VOG ikhoza kukhala yaulere pansi pa Ndondomeko ya VOG Yaulere.
Nthawi zambiri mumalandira yankho mkati mwa sabata imodzi kapena zinayi; pakuwunika kovuta izi zingatenge milungu isanu ndi itatu. Nthawi yayitali yokonza sizinena chilichonse chokhudza zotsatira zake.
Kodi Justis amayesa bwanji fomu yofunsira ntchito ya VOG?
Aliyense amene sapezeka mu JDS amalandira VOG yabwino popanda kuchedwa. Kuwunika kwakukulu m'njira zitatu kumatsatira pokhapokha ngati pali deta ya milandu.
1. Nthawi yowunikiranso
Choyamba, Justis amasankha nthawi yomwe mbiri yanu yoweruza milandu imafufuzidwa. Nthawi yokhazikika ndi zaka zinayi. Monga lamulo, tsiku lothetsera mlandu ndi lofunika kwambiri (kuweruzidwa, chilango, mgwirizano kapena kuchotsedwa ntchito), osati tsiku lomwe mlanduwo unachitikira. Tsiku la mlanduwo lingakhale lofunika kwambiri ngati pali zaka zoposa ziwiri pakati pa mlanduwo ndi kuthetsa mlanduwo.
2. Muyeso wa cholinga
Kenako, potengera mbiri yowunikira, zimawunikidwa ngati mfundo zomwe zapezeka, ngati zingabwerezedwenso, zingalepheretse udindowo. Funso ndilakuti kodi mtundu wa mlanduwo ukugwirizana ndi chiopsezo cha udindowo, osati kuthekera kwa munthu kubwerezabwereza. Mlandu wa pamsewu ukhoza kukhala wofunikira pantchito yoyendetsa galimoto, koma osati paudindo wa ofesi yoyang'anira. Mlandu wa katundu, kumbali ina, umakhudza kwambiri udindo wokhala ndi udindo wazachuma.
3. Muyeso wotsatira maganizo a munthu
Ngati cholakwacho chili chopinga, kulinganiza zofuna zanu kumatsatira: kodi chidwi chanu pa VOG chimaposa chiopsezo chomwe chingabwere kwa anthu? Pochita izi, Justis akuyang'ana, pakati pa zinthu zina, pa:
- Kodi mlanduwu unachitika kalekale bwanji?
- mtundu ndi kuopsa kwa mlanduwo;
- kangati mwakumana ndi dongosolo la chilungamo;
- zaka zanu panthawi ya mlandu;
- khalidwe lanu ndi chitukuko chanu kuyambira pamenepo;
- chidwi chomwe muli nacho pa kutulutsidwa kwa VOG.
Ndi mu gawo ili lomwe lingathe kupezeka kuti VOG iyenera kuperekedwabe ngakhale kuti panali umboni womveka kale pa milandu.
Nthawi zowunikira mwachidule
- Muyezo: zaka 4.
- Achinyamata: zaka ziwiri, ngati mlanduwo unachitidwa asanakwanitse zaka 23 — kupatulapo ngati mlandu waukulu wachiwawa (wokhala ndi chilango cha zaka zoposa 6) kapena mlandu wogonana.
- Maudindo okhala ndi zofunikira pa umphumphu (monga maloya, akuluakulu ofufuza milandu, andale ndi omasulira olumbirira): zaka 10.
- Kugwira ntchito ndi ana, kuphatikiza ndi kuweruzidwa mlandu wakale wokhudza mwana: mpaka zaka 20.
- Milandu yokhudza kugonana ndi uchigawenga: yopanda malire. Mfundo zimenezi nthawi zonse zimaganiziridwa, ngakhale zitachitika kalekale bwanji.
Pa magulu akuluakulu awa — kugwira ntchito ndi ana, maudindo odalirika, zofunikira pa umphumphu wapamwamba, ndi milandu yokhudza kugonana kapena nkhanza zazikulu — mwayi wokana ndi waukulu. Komabe, ngakhale zili choncho, njira yokonzedwa bwino ikadali poyambira: nthawi zonse imakhudza kuphatikiza mtundu wa mlandu, udindo ndi momwe zinthu zilili pa moyo wanu.
VOG anakana: mungachite chiyani?
Kukana komwe mukufuna kapena komaliza sikutanthauza kuti simungathe kusankha. Mutha kutsutsana nako, ndipo pagawo lililonse mutha kufotokoza zomwe mumakonda.
Kawirikawiri nthawi zambiri mumalandira choyamba cholinga chokana. Mutha kulemba yankho lotsutsa mkati mwa milungu iwiri. Iyi ndi nthawi yofunika kwambiri: mpaka nthawi imeneyo, Justis wakhala akuyesa kwambiri motsatira mfundo yeniyeni, ndipo ndi udindo wanu kudziwitsa zomwe zikuchitika (mfundo yeniyeni). Taganizirani izi:
- nthawi yomwe yapita kuyambira pamene mlanduwo unachitikira;
- chitukuko chabwino pantchito ndi m'moyo wachinsinsi;
- chithandizo kapena chitsogozo;
- kusowa kwa zochitika zatsopano;
- kufunika kwa udindowu pa ndalama zomwe mumapeza kapena kubwereranso kuntchito.
Ngati VOG ikakanidwabe, mutha kupereka chitsutso mkati mwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi. Ngati chitsutsocho sichinapambane, apilo ku khoti loyang'anira imatsegulidwa mkati mwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi. Popeza nthawi yomaliza ndi yochepa ndipo umboni wake ndi wofunikira, ndi bwino kufunsa upangiri wa zamalamulo nthawi yoyenera.
VOG panthawi yogwira ntchito
VOG ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito panthawi ya mgwirizano wantchito womwe ulipo, mwachitsanzo ngati ntchito yasintha kapena chifukwa chakuti udindo wa VOG ukugwira ntchito.
Ngati VOG ikufunikadi paudindowu ndipo sinaperekedwe, izi zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo pa ubale wantchito. Komabe, izi sizitanthauza kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito ndikoyenera. Zinthu zofunika ndi izi:
- ngati VOG ndi yofunikiradi pa udindowu;
- ngati olemba ntchito adachitapo kanthu panthawi yake komanso mosamala;
- ngati kusintha ntchito n'kotheka;
- zomwe wantchitoyo ali nazo.
Kwa olemba ntchito ndi antchito, nkhaniyi ndi yofunikira kwambiri. Kuganizira mosamala zofuna ndi upangiri wazamalamulo ndikofunikira kwambiri.
Kutsiliza
Mbiri yaupandu sikutanthauza kuti simudzalandira VOG yokha. Kuwunikaku nthawi zonse kumakhala kokhudzana ndi ntchito ndipo kumayang'ana ngati mbiri yanu yoweruza milandu ikuika pachiwopsezo chachikulu pantchito yomwe VOG ikupemphedwa. Mikhalidwe yanu imaganiziridwanso.
Kwa olemba ntchito ndi antchito, ndikofunikira kuti olemba ntchito asamangopempha kuti apeze zambiri zaupandu, koma nthawi zambiri angafunike VOG. Kwa olemba ntchito, pempho la VOG liyenera kugwirizana bwino ndi ntchitoyo ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.
Kodi mukukumana ndi kukana komwe mukufuna, pempho lokanidwa kapena mafunso okhudza zotsatira za mgwirizano wa ntchito? Kenako funsani upangiri nthawi yoyenera - chifukwa chakuti nthawi yomaliza ndi yochepa ndipo umboni wabwino pachiyambi ungathandize. Akatswiri a zamalamulo a ntchito ndi milandu yaupandu a Law & More Ndikusangalala kuganiza nanu.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri Okhudza Mbiri Yaupandu ndi Ntchito (VOG)
Kodi ndingapeze VOG ngati ndili ndi mbiri yaupandu?
Sikuti nthawi zonse amakana. Justis nthawi zonse amafufuza ngati mbiri yanu yoweruza milandu ikugwirizana ndi udindo womwewo. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi mbiri yaupandu amangolandira VOG, makamaka ngati mfundo zake ndi zakale kapena sizikugwirizana ndi udindowo.
Kodi mtengo wa VOG ndi wotani ndipo umatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Mu 2026 fomu yofunsira pa intaneti imadula ma euro 33.85 ndipo fomu yofunsira yolembedwa kudzera m'boma imadula ma euro 41.35. Kwa odzipereka omwe amagwira ntchito ndi ana kapena anthu ofooka, VOG ikhoza kukhala yaulere. Nthawi zambiri mumalandira yankho mkati mwa sabata imodzi kapena zinayi; ngati pakufunika kufufuza kwina, izi zingatenge milungu isanu ndi itatu.
Kodi Justis amaganizira kwambiri za m'mbuyomu wanga mpaka liti?
Nthawi yowunikiranso nthawi zonse ndi zaka zinayi. Kwa achinyamata omwe adachita mlanduwu asanakwanitse zaka 23, nthawi zambiri pamakhala zaka ziwiri. Kwa maudindo omwe ali ndi zofunikira pa umphumphu, zaka khumi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo pa milandu yokhudza kugonana kapena uchigawenga nthawiyo ndi yopanda malire.
Kodi bwana wanga angandipemphe kuti ndilembe mlandu wanga?
Ayi. Zolemba zanu za milandu sizipezeka kwa olemba ntchito. Olemba ntchito angakufunseni kuti mulembe ntchito yanu ya VOG, koma amangoona zotsatira zake osati deta yeniyeni.
Kodi ndiyenera kuulula mbiri yanga yaupandu panthawi yofunsira ntchito?
Palibe udindo waukulu woulula mbiri yakale yaupandu mwa kufuna kwanu. Pa mfundo zomwe zikugwirizana bwino ndi udindowo, kapena ngati bwana wanu akufunsani za izo mwachindunji, muyenera kuyankha moona mtima.
Kodi kuchotsedwa ntchito kapena kumasulidwa kumawerengedwa?
Kuchotsedwa ntchito kwa munthu amene wachita chigololo sikuwerengedwa. Kuchotsedwa ntchito kwina, kugamula milandu, zilango ndi kugamula milandu kunja kwa khoti kungaganiziridwe, kutengera mtundu wake.
VOG yanga yakanidwa — kodi ndingachitepo chilichonse pankhaniyi?
Inde. Nthawi zambiri mumalandira choyamba cholinga chokana, chomwe mungathe kupereka yankho lolembedwa mkati mwa milungu iwiri. Ngati VOG ikakanidwabe, mutha kupereka chitsutso mkati mwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi kenako mwina mungapite kukhoti loyang'anira mkati mwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi.
Kodi VOG yokanidwa ingachititse kuti munthu achotsedwe ntchito?
Osati zokha. Ngati VOG ndi ntchito yofunikiradi ndipo sinaperekedwe, izi zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo pa ubale wantchito, koma izi zimadalira, pakati pa zinthu zina, kufunika kwa VOG, njira zina zosinthira ntchito ndi chisamaliro chomwe olemba ntchito amatenga.
Kodi VOG (Satifiketi Yochita Zinthu Mwanzeru) ndi chiyani?
VOG ndi chikalata chotsimikizira kuti mbiri yanu ya milandu si yotsutsa udindo, ntchito kapena zochita zinazake. Chimaperekedwa ndi Dienst Justis yekha m'malo mwa Unduna wa Zachilungamo ndi Chitetezo, ndipo kuwunika kwakukulu kumachitika ndi Bungwe Loona za Chitsimikizo cha Makhalidwe Abwino (COVOG).
Kodi olemba ntchito angafunse za mbiri yanga yaupandu?
Olemba ntchito sangapemphe zikalata zanu za khothi, chifukwa deta imeneyo siipezeka mosavuta kwa olemba ntchito. M'malo mwake, VOG imagwira ntchito ngati chida chowunikira pang'ono: olemba ntchito amangowona zotsatira za kuwunika, osati zambiri zaupandu zomwe zili mkati mwake.
Kodi ndiyenera kuulula mbiri yanga yaupandu ndekha panthawi yofunsira ntchito?
Kawirikawiri, simuyenera kuulula mbiri yakale yaupandu mwa kufuna kwanu, kotero palibe udindo wamba wonena izi, ngakhale kuti zochitika zenizeni za udindo zingakhale zofunikira.
Kodi kukhala ndi mlandu kumatanthauza kuti sindidzalandira VOG yokha?
Ayi. Pempho la VOG ndi kuwunika kwake ziyenera kugwirizana ndi mtundu wa ntchitoyo, ndipo chifukwa chomveka chokhudzana ndi ntchito chikufunika VOG isanayambe kugwira ntchito, kotero zotsatira zake zimadalira udindo weniweni ndi mtundu wa chidziwitso cha khothi chomwe chikukhudzidwa m'malo mongodzipangira okha.
