Mwasaina pangano la ntchito, koma ntchito yanu yatsopano sinayambe. Kenako bwana wanu akuyimba foni: pangano likutha, zomwe zikutanthauza nthawi yoyeserera. Kodi zimenezo n'zovomerezeka mwalamulo? Pa 12 February 2026, Khoti Lalikulu la Limburg linayankha funso limenelo momveka bwino - ndipo chigamulochi chili ndi tanthauzo lalikulu kwa olemba ntchito ndi antchito.
ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2026:1410 — Khoti Lachigawo la Limburg (Cantonal Court Maastricht), 12 February 2026
Chinachitika ndi chiyani?
Pa 21 Okutobala 2025, bwana ndi wantchito adasaina pangano la ntchito la nthawi yokhazikika kwa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri. Tsiku loyambira linali 1 Novembala 2025, ndipo nthawi yoyeserera ya mwezi umodzi idagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pasanathe tsiku limodzi atasaina, wantchitoyo adapempha bwana wake kuti amupatse malipiro a €1,000, omwe adzalipidwe pa 14 Novembala 2025 - kuti akwaniritse lendi yake.
Bwanayo — kasino — anakana kupereka ndalama zothandizira ndipo pa 22 Okutobala 2025 anathetsa mgwirizano pakamwa. Izi zinatsimikiziridwa polemba pa 27 Okutobala 2025. Panthawiyo, wantchitoyo anali asanagwire ntchito tsiku limodzi: tsiku lomwe ankafuna kuyamba ntchito linali lisanathe sabata imodzi.
Funso lalamulo: kodi kuchotsedwa ntchito kwa nthawi yochepa kungachitike ntchito isanayambe?
Wantchitoyo anabweretsa nkhaniyi kukhoti la cantonal, ponena kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito kunali kosavomerezeka: popeza pangano la ntchito silinayambe, bwanayo sakanatha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yoyeserera. M'malo mwake, adapempha kuti alandire malipiro oyenera a malipiro asanu ndi awiri pamwezi.
Khotilo linakana mfundo imeneyi. Malinga ndi Nkhani 7:652 ya Dutch Civil Code (BW) ndi Nkhani 7:676 BW, magulu onse awiri akhoza kuthetsa pangano la ntchito nthawi yomweyo panthawi yoyesedwa, 'malinga ngati nthawiyo isanathe.' Nyumba yamalamulo idasankha mwadala mawu awa kuti alole kuchotsedwa ntchito ngakhale pangano la ntchito lisanayambe. Popeza nthawi yoyesedwa inali isanathe, kuchotsedwa ntchito kunali kovomerezeka mwalamulo.
Kulemba anthu ntchito bwino ngati malire
Kuchotsedwa ntchito movomerezeka mwalamulo sikuti ndi kovomerezeka mwalamulo. Malinga ndi Nkhani 7:611 BW, bwana amatsatira mfundo za ntchito yabwino. Wantchitoyo adati bwanayo mwiniwakeyo adapereka lingaliro panthawi yosaina pangano kuti antchito nthawi zonse azipempha ndalama zolipirira. Mwa kumuchotsa ntchito nthawi yomweyo pamene adalandira mwayi umenewu, bwanayo akuti adagwiritsa ntchito molakwika gawo la probation pazifukwa zina zomwe sizinali cholinga chake: kuwunika ngati wantchitoyo ali woyenera udindowo.
Ndi udindo wa wantchito kunyamula udindo wopempha - ndipo, ngati pali kutsutsidwa kokwanira, udindo wopereka umboni - kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito kunali kotsutsana ndi ntchito yabwino. Wantchitoyo ayenera kupereka mfundo zenizeni zokwanira zosonyeza kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito kunayambitsidwa ndi kuphwanya ufulu, tsankho, kapena zochitika zina zapadera. Kungoona kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito n'kosafunikira sikokwanira.
Khotilo silinavomereze mfundo ya wantchitoyo. Bwanayo anakana mwamphamvu kuti anapereka chilichonse chonga chimenecho. Chomwe linanena chinali chakuti linkayembekezera kuti antchito azinena za mavuto azachuma — makamaka kuti apewe kuba m'kaundula wa ndalama. Chifukwa chake, kupereka ndalama pasadakhale sikunali njira yokhazikika; makamaka, malipiro a tchuthi amatha kutulutsidwa msanga pazifukwa zapadera.
Kasinoyo inanenanso kuti kuba ndalama kunali vuto lobwerezabwereza pamalo ake. Mfundo yakuti wantchito watsopano anali kale ndi mavuto azachuma okwanira kufunikira ndalama zolipirira malipiro ake amtsogolo asanafike tsiku lake loyamba la ntchito inali, malinga ndi maganizo a abwana, chiopsezo chosavomerezeka cha bizinesi. Khotilo linavomereza: poganizira za kuchuluka kwa zokonda ndi kusowa kwa umboni wokwanira wa wantchitoyo, abwana sanachite mosemphana ndi mfundo za ntchito yabwino.
Kulipidwa koyenera kwakanidwa
Pempho lina loti munthu alandire malipiro oyenera silinakwaniritsidwe. Malipiro oterewa amafuna kuti munthu athetse ntchito yake mophwanya Article 7:671 BW, koma palibe kuphwanya malamulo koteroko komwe kunachitika. Khotilo linanenanso kuti wantchitoyo anayamba kale ntchito yatsopano pa 3 Novembala 2025 — patangopita masiku awiri kuchokera tsiku lomwe ankafuna kuyamba ntchito — zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kutayika kwake kwenikweni kwa ndalama mwina kunali kochepa.
Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani kwa olemba ntchito?
Chigamulochi chikutsimikizira kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito kwa woweruza milandu kungaperekedwe moyenera wantchito asanagwire ntchito tsiku limodzi. Palibe chifukwa chomveka chofunira - olemba ntchito ali ndi ufulu pafupifupi wonse panthawi ya kuyesedwa, bola ngati sakuchita zosemphana ndi mfundo za upangiri wabwino.
Kwa olemba ntchito m'magawo omwe umphumphu wazachuma ndi wofunikira kwambiri - monga kuchereza alendo, kugulitsa, ndi ntchito zachuma - chigamulochi chikupereka malangizo omveka bwino. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za kusakhazikika pazachuma kwa wantchito watsopano zitha kukhala zomveka kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yoyeserera, ngakhale wantchitoyo asanadutse malire.
Komabe, chenjezo: gawo loyesera liyenera kukhala lovomerezeka mwalamulo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mgwirizano wolembedwa, wokhala ndi nthawi yofanana kwa onse awiri, komanso wosapitirira malire alamulo (mwezi umodzi kwa mapangano ochepera zaka ziwiri; miyezi iwiri kwa mapangano a zaka ziwiri kapena kuposerapo). Gawo loyesera lomwe silikwaniritsa zofunikirazi siligwira ntchito motsatira Article 7:652(8) BW — ndipo kuchotsedwa ntchito kutengera gawo lopanda ntchito sikugwira ntchito mofananamo.
Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani kwa antchito?
Antchito omwe asayina pangano koma sanayambe ntchito ali kale muubwenzi wantchito — koma alibe chitetezo chomwe chimaperekedwa ndi kuchotsedwa ntchito chilamulo nthawi zambiri amapereka. Kuchotsedwa ntchito ngati woweruza milandu sikungatsutsidwe pokhapokha ngati pali chifukwa chosankhana (monga kutenga mimba kapena kukhala membala wa bungwe la ogwira ntchito) kapena ngati pali umboni womveka bwino wogwiritsa ntchito molakwika gawo la woweruza milandu. Udindo wotsimikizira izi uli m'manja mwa wantchito.
Nthawi zonse onani ngati gawo la mayeso lakonzedwa bwino. Ngati silinagwirizane polemba, likugwira ntchito pa mgwirizano womwe ndi waufupi kwambiri, kapena wopitirira nthawi yololedwa, gawolo limakhala lopanda ntchito. Pankhaniyi, mutha kutsutsa kuchotsedwa ntchito ndikupempha kuti mupitirize kulipira malipiro anu komanso kuti mulandire malipiro oyenera.
Pomaliza, dziwani kuti khalidwe lanu lisanakwane tsiku lanu loyamba la ntchito — monga kupempha malipiro pasadakhale — lingapereke chifukwa kwa olemba ntchito kuti achitepo kanthu. Ngati makonzedwe enaake apangidwa, onetsetsani kuti alembedwa mu mgwirizano wantchito kapena chowonjezera.
Kutsiliza
Khoti la Limburg District limafotokoza momveka bwino kuti: nthawi yoyeserera imayamba pamene pangano la ntchito lasainidwa, osati tsiku loyamba la ntchito. Bwana amene agwiritsa ntchito nthawi yoyeserera ntchito isanayambe amachita zinthu motsatira malamulo - bola ngati izi zachitika nthawi yake, gawo loyeserera lapangidwa bwino, ndipo bwanayo sachita zosemphana ndi mfundo za ntchito yabwino (Nkhani 7:611 BW). Chigamulochi chikugogomezera kufunika kwa pangano la ntchito lolembedwa mosamala komanso gawo loyeserera loganiziridwa bwino.
Kodi muli ndi mafunso okhudza kuchotsedwa ntchito pa nthawi ya mayesero, kulemba mapangano a ntchito, kapena ntchito chilamulo Akatswiri a zamalamulo okhudza ntchito ku Law & More ali pano kuti athandize.
MAFUNSO OFUNSIDWA KAWIRIKAWIRI
Kodi olemba ntchito angachotse wantchito ntchito panthawi yoyeserera asanayambe kugwira ntchito?
Inde. Milandu ya ku Netherlands (kuphatikizapo chigamulo cha Khoti Lalikulu la Limburg cha pa 12 February 2026) ikutsimikizira kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito kwa woweruza milandu kungaperekedwe mwalamulo wantchito asanagwire ntchito tsiku limodzi, bola ngati gawo lovomerezeka la kuchotsedwa ntchito lavomerezedwa. Palibe chifukwa chomveka chochotsera ntchito panthawi ya kuyesedwa.
Kodi olemba ntchito amafunika chifukwa chochotsera munthu ntchito panthawi yoyesedwa?
Palibe chifukwa chenicheni chomwe chikufunika. Bwana ali ndi ufulu womaliza ntchito yake panthawi yoyesedwa, bola ngati sakuchita zosemphana ndi mfundo za ntchito yabwino motsatira Article 7:611 ya Dutch Civil Code.
Kodi kuchotsedwa ntchito ngati woweruza milandu kungatsutsidwebe ngati kosayenera?
N'kovuta kwambiri kutsutsa. Wantchito ayenera kupereka mfundo zenizeni zosonyeza kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito kunayambitsidwa ndi kuphwanya ufulu, tsankho (monga mimba kapena umembala wa bungwe la ogwira ntchito), kapena kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika gawo la mayeso pazifukwa zina osati kuwunika kuyenerera kwa ntchitoyo. Kungoona kuchotsedwa ntchito ngati kosafunikira sikokwanira, ndipo udindo wopereka umboni uli m'manja mwa wantchitoyo.
Kodi pali malipiro oyenera ngati kuchotsedwa ntchito kwa nthawi yoyeserera kukambidwa pambuyo pake?
Kulipira koyenera kumafuna kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito kuphwanye Nkhani 7:671 ya Dutch Civil Code. Ngati gawo la probationary linavomerezedwa bwino ndipo linagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo palibe kuphwanya koteroko komwe kunachitika, pempho la malipiro oyenera nthawi zambiri silingagwire ntchito, makamaka pamene kutayika kwenikweni kwa ndalama kwa wantchito kumakhala kochepa.
Kodi ndi liti pamene gawo la mayeso limakhala lovomerezeka?
Gawo loyesera liyenera kuvomerezedwa polemba, likhale lofanana kwa onse awiri, ndipo lisapitirire malire a lamulo: mwezi umodzi kwa mapangano ochepera zaka ziwiri, ndi miyezi iwiri kwa mapangano a zaka ziwiri kapena kuposerapo. Gawo lomwe silikukwaniritsa zofunikirazi silikugwira ntchito malinga ndi Nkhani 7:652(8) ya Dutch Civil Code, yomwe imapangitsanso kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito chifukwa cha izi kusagwire ntchito.
Kodi antchito ayenera kuchita chiyani kuti adziteteze pankhani ya gawo la mayeso?
Nthawi zonse onani ngati gawo loyesera lapangidwa molondola: lavomerezedwa polemba, likugwirizana ndi nthawi ya mgwirizano, komanso mkati mwa nthawi yovomerezeka ndi lamulo. Ngati gawolo ndi losavomerezeka, mwachitsanzo chifukwa silinavomerezedwe polemba kapena likugwira ntchito pa mgwirizano waufupi kwambiri, kuchotsedwa ntchito modalira kungatsutsidwenso ngati kosagwira ntchito.
