Mikangano ya mayina a domain ku Netherlands

Dzina la domain nthawi zambiri ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali kwambiri cha digito cha kampani, ndipo chimatayika mosavuta. Wina amalembetsa dzina lanu ngati domain ya .nl musanalowe mumsika wa Dutch; wogulitsa wakale amasunga dzinalo; bungwe lomwe linamanga tsamba lanu ndi mwiniwake wolembetsedwa. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza nthawi yomwe dzina la domain likuphwanya ufulu wanu motsatira malamulo aku Dutch, komanso momwe mungasankhire pakati pa njira yotsutsana ndi SIDN ndi khothi.

Momwe mayina a domain a .nl amalembetsedwera

Dera la .nl limayendetsedwa ndi SIDN, yomwe imasunga kaundula ndi dera la .nl koma sichita ndi anthu mwachindunji. Kulembetsa kumachitika ndi olembetsa — opereka chithandizo, ogulitsa IT ndi oyang'anira ma domain omwe ali ndi mgwirizano ndi SIDN. Zinthu ziwiri zimayambitsa mikangano yambiri.

• Choyamba bwerani, choyamba kutumikiridwa. SIDN imakonza ma fomu olembedwa mu dongosolo lolandiridwa ndipo simayang'ana ngati dzina likugwirizana ndi chizindikiro cha malonda cha munthu wina, dzina la malonda kapena dzina la kampani. Kulembetsa ndi lamulo loyang'anira, osati kupereka ufulu.
• Wolembetsa ndi aliyense amene walembedwa kuti ndi wolembetsa. Munthu ameneyo yekha ndi amene angasamutsire domain kwa wolembetsa wina, kuisintha, kapena kuitulutsa mu quarantine. Ngati bungwe lanu lidziika lokha mu gawo limenelo, kampani yanu siilamulira kalikonse.

Ufulu wa pangano, osati katundu m'lingaliro lakale

Kulembetsa sikupanga ufulu wa umwini wa nzeru. Chomwe mumapeza ndi udindo wa pangano: pangano lolembetsa ndi SIDN, lovomerezedwa kudzera mwa wolembetsa wanu ndipo likulamulidwa ndi malamulo ndi zikhalidwe zake zonse kwa olembetsa a .nl - okonzedwanso ndi osamutsidwa, koma ozikidwa pa pangano limenelo.

Zimenezo sizipangitsa dzina la domain kukhala lopanda pake ngati chuma. Makhothi aku Dutch amavomereza kuti kulembetsa kungakhale vermogensrecht mkati mwa art. 3:6 BW, chifukwa kumatha kusamutsidwa ndipo kumatha kupereka phindu lazinthu (Gerechtshof 's-Hertogenbosch 17 Januwale 2007, ECLI:NL:GHSHE:2007:AZ6522). Dzina la domain likhoza kugulitsidwa ndikulandidwa — koma ufuluwo umayendetsedwa ndi SIDN pansi pa mgwirizano, ndipo umatetezedwa kudzera mu mgwirizano ndi kukakamiza, osati mlandu womwe ukufunsidwa.

Pamene dzina la domain la wina likuphwanya ufulu wanu

Lamulo la ku Netherlands lilibe lamulo lapadera la mayina a domain. Mikangano imathetsedwa motsatira lamulo la zizindikiro zamalonda, lamulo la mayina amalonda, kapena lamulo lokhudza zochita zosaloledwa.

Kuphwanya malamulo a chizindikiro cha malonda

Pa zizindikiro za Benelux, chitetezo chaperekedwa mu art. 2.20 BVIE; Zizindikiro zamalonda za EU zimatetezedwa ndi mawu ofanana. Muyenera kusonyeza kuti chizindikirocho ndi chofanana kapena chofanana ndi chizindikiro chanu ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu kapena ntchito zofanana kapena zofanana zomwe zingasokoneze, kapena - pa zizindikiro zomwe zili ndi mbiri - zomwe kugwiritsa ntchito kumagwiritsa ntchito mwayi wosalungama, kapena kuvulaza, kusiyana kwake kapena mbiri yake.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti lamulo la chizindikiro cha malonda limaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito panthawi yamalonda . Kulembetsa komwe sikunathetsedwe sikuphwanya malamulo okha; tsamba logwira ntchito, kutumizira kwa mpikisano, masamba oimika magalimoto kapena kugwiritsa ntchito imelo nthawi zambiri kumakhala koyenera. Hoge Raad yatsimikiza kuti mwiniwakeyo akhoza kulamulidwa kusamutsa dzina la domain pokhapokha ngati mwalamulo akukakamizidwa kutero, zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha mgwirizano kapena chifukwa cha zochita zosaloledwa monga kuphwanya malamulo (HR 30 Novembala 2018, ECLI:NL:HR:2018:2221, pa dungs.nl).

Kuphwanya mayina amalonda pansi pa lamulo la Handelsnaamwet

Ngati mugulitsa ku Netherlands pogwiritsa ntchito dzina, dzina limenelo limatetezedwa popanda kulembetsa. Article 5 Hnw imaletsa dzina lamalonda lofanana, kapena losiyana pang'ono ndi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kale ndi lina, komwe chisokonezo pakati pa mabizinesi chiyenera kuopedwa chifukwa cha mtundu wawo ndi malo awo. Article 5a Hnw imaletsa dzina lamalonda lophatikiza chizindikiro cha malonda cha chipani china komwe kungasokonezeke.

Dzina la domain lingakhale ngati kugwiritsa ntchito dzina lamalonda komwe bizinesiyo ikuchitika pansi pake, osati kokha komwe dzinalo likuwonekera mu bar ya adilesi. Pa mayina ofotokozera, Hoge Raad idavomereza mu DOC/Dairy Partners kuti art. 5 Hnw siyikuyika zofunikira zina zowonjezera: kusiyana kochepa kumayesedwa mu kuwunika kosokoneza (HR 19 February 2021, ECLI:NL:HR:2021:269). Art. 6 Hnw imapereka njira yotsika mtengo - pempho kwa kantonrechter kuti dzinalo lisinthidwe.

Njira yosaloledwa: art. 6:162 BW

Ngati mulibe chizindikiro cha malonda ndipo mulibe dzina lamalonda lakale, njira yotsalayo ndi ya art. 6:162 BW, yomwe ndi yopapatiza kuposa momwe makasitomala amayembekezera. Mu Artiestenverloningen, Hoge Raad adati kugwiritsa ntchito dzina la domain lofotokozera bwino ndikololedwa ngakhale zitayambitsa chisokonezo, ndipo kumakhala kosaloledwa pokhapokha ngati pali zifukwa zina zowonjezera (HR 11 Disembala 2015, ECLI:NL:HR:2015:3554). Lamuloli limagwira ntchito bwino polimbana ndi khalidwe m'malo mwa dzina: kulembetsa mayina a omwe akupikisana nawo mwadongosolo, kuletsa magalimoto, kuchita ngati bizinesi, kapena kusokeretsa makasitomala za kulumikizana.

Kugwira anthu pa intaneti, kulemba zinthu zosayenera ndi kuba anthu ena

Zolemba zamalonda, osati magulu azamalamulo aku Dutch:

• Kuyenda pa intaneti — kulembetsa dzina lofanana ndi dzina la wina kuti muligulitsenso kapena kuliletsa. Chitsanzo chachikale cha njira ya SIDN: chikhulupiriro choipa nthawi zambiri chimawonekera kuchokera ku chopereka chogulitsa chomwe chili pamwamba pa mtengo wake, kapena mayina ofanana.
• Kujambula typosquatting — kulembetsa zolakwika zodziwika bwino kapena zowonjezera zosinthidwa. Kufanana kosokoneza nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosavuta, ndipo kulemba mawu nthawi zambiri kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi phishing kapena masitolo abodza a pa intaneti, zomwe zimalimbitsa chikhulupiriro choipa komanso changu.
• Kuthawa — kutenga ulamuliro wa dzina lanu kale, kudzera mu akaunti ya registrar yomwe yawonongeka, malangizo abodza osamutsa, kapena wogulitsa amene akukana kulibweza. Izi ndi pangano, ndipo nthawi zina ndi mlandu, osati mkangano wa ufulu; njira ndi registrar kuphatikiza khoti.

Njira yothetsera mikangano ya SIDN ya mayina a domain a .nl

SIDN imagwiritsa ntchito njira yothetsera mikangano motsatira Malamulo Othetsera Mikangano a Mayina a Ma Domain a .nl, omwe amaperekedwa ndi WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center. Mtundu wapano unayamba kugwira ntchito pa 1 Seputembala 2024, ndikuwonjezera zizindikiro zotetezedwa za malo ku mayina otetezedwa ndikutsimikizira kuti wolembetsa sangasinthidwe pamene mkangano ukupitirira.

Ndani angagwiritse ntchito, ndipo ndi chiyani chomwe chiyenera kutsimikiziridwa

Wodandaula ayenera kukhala ndi dzina lotetezedwa: chizindikiro cha malonda, dzina la malonda kapena chizindikiro cha malo chomwe chimatetezedwa ndi lamulo la Dutch, dzina laumwini mu database ya zolemba za anthu am'deralo, kapena dzina la bungwe la boma la Dutch, bungwe kapena maziko. Simukuyenera kukhazikitsidwa ku Netherlands, ndipo chizindikiro cha malonda cha EU chikuyenerera. Zinthu zitatu ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa pamodzi:

• dzina la domain ndi lofanana kapena losokoneza kwambiri ndi dzina lotetezedwa lomwe limadaliridwa;
• wolembetsa alibe ufulu, kapena zofuna zovomerezeka, mu dzina la domain; ndipo
• dzina la domain lalembetsedwa or ikugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika.

Chinthu chachitatu nthawi zambiri sichimaganiziridwa. Malinga ndi Malamulo a .nl, kukhala ndi chikhulupiriro choipa pakulembetsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ndikokwanira; malinga ndi UDRP zonse ziwiri ndizofunikira. Zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti njira ya .nl ikhale yosavuta pamene dzina linalembedwa zaka zapitazo mosalakwa ndipo tsopano likugwiriridwa molakwika.

Ndondomeko, nthawi ndi mtengo

Madandaulo amaperekedwa ku WIPO Center kudzera pa imelo. WIPO imafufuza ngati ikutsatira malamulo ndipo imadziwitsa SIDN, zomwe zimaletsa kusintha kulikonse kwa wolembetsa. Wolembetsayo ali ndi masiku makumi awiri a kalendala kuti ayankhe. Ngati ayankha, SIDN imapereka mkhalapakati waulere wa masiku makumi atatu. Ngati zimenezo zalephera kapena wolembetsayo walephera, wodandaulayo amalipira ndalamazo, woimira gulu limodzi amasankhidwa, ndipo chisankhocho chimatsatira mkati mwa masiku khumi ndi anayi kuchokera pamene gawo lolembedwalo latha. Palibe nthawi yapakati yomwe imayikidwa kulikonse, koma kwenikweni mlandu wa .nl umatenga masiku makumi anayi mphambu asanu mpaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi kuyambira pamene chigamulo chaperekedwa.

Ndalamazo zimakhazikitsidwa ndi WIPO Center ndipo zimafalitsidwa mu ndondomeko yake ya ndalama zoyendetsera .nl. Zimalumikizidwa ndi chiwerengero cha mayina a domain omwe akhudzidwa ndi madandaulo ndipo ndi okwera kwambiri pomwe gulu la anthu atatu limasankha, choncho werengani ndondomekoyo musanapereke m'malo mopanga bajeti kuchokera ku chiwerengero chomwe chatchulidwa kwina. Wodandaulayo amalipira, ndipo sadzabweza ngakhale atapambana, ngakhale kuti ndalama zochepa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa ntchito msanga - nthawi zambiri pomwe wolembetsa amasamutsa dzinalo mwaufulu gulu lisanasankhidwe, pomwe gawo la ndalamazo limabwezedwa.

Zimene mumapeza, ndi zimene simumapeza

Madandaulo opambana amapereka njira imodzi yothetsera vutoli: kusintha wolembetsa. Palibe kuletsa, palibe kuwonongeka, palibe lamulo loletsa kugwiritsa ntchito chikwangwanicho, komanso palibe lamulo la ndalama. SIDN imakhazikitsa chigamulocho patatha masiku khumi ogwira ntchito pambuyo podziwitsa, pokhapokha ngati wolembetsayo atsimikizira kuti wayamba milandu kukhoti la ku Netherlands. Chipani chilichonse chili ndi ufulu wopita kukhoti isanayambe, panthawi kapena pambuyo pake.

UDRP ya ma domain apamwamba kwambiri

Pa .com, .net, .org ndi zina zambiri zowonjezera, chofanana ndi Ndondomeko Yothetsera Mikangano ya ICANN ya Uniform Domain-Name. Kusiyana kwake n'kofunika:

• Maziko a ufulu. Chizindikiro cha malonda chikufunika; dzina la malonda lokha silikwanira, ngakhale kuti zizindikiro zosalembetsedwa zomwe zili ndi mawonekedwe apadera zimatha kuyenerera.
• Chikhulupiriro choipa. Domeni iyenera kuti inalembetsedwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika.
• Mankhwala. Kuletsa kapena kusamutsa — njira ya .nl imapereka kusamutsa kokha. Apanso, palibe kuwonongeka.
• Panel ndi mtengo. Chipani chilichonse chingasankhe gulu la anthu atatu, lomwe limawononga ndalama zambiri kuposa m'modzi mwa omwe akuyang'anira, ndipo ndalamazo zimakwera ndi kuchuluka kwa mayina omwe ali mu madandaulo. WIPO imaperekanso chithandizo chofunikira chomwe chimapangitsa kuti mlandu wa gulu limodzi uganizidwe mkati mwa mwezi umodzi kuti ulandire ndalama zina, zomwe wodandaulayo kapena, atayankha, woyankhayo angagule. Pamene mlanduwo watha, Center imasunga gawo limodzi lokha la ndalamazo, gawo losungidwa kutengera momwe milanduyo yayendera. Ndalama zonsezi zayikidwa mu ndondomeko ya ndalama za WIPO ndipo zatchulidwa mu madola aku US.
• Madandaulo onyoza. Malamulo a UDRP amalola gulu kulengeza kuti lalanda dzina la domain.

Mpumulo wa kanthawi ku khoti la milandu la ku Netherlands

Njira ina ndi milandu yachidule isanachitike voorzieningenrechter motsatira art. 254 Rv. Kukambirana mlandu kungamvekedwe mkati mwa masiku kapena milungu pomwe kufunikira kuli koona, ndipo khothi likhoza kuchita zomwe woweruza milandu sangathe: kulamula kuti chikwangwani chigwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi zambiri osati m'dera lokha; kupereka chilango; kupereka ndalama zolipirira; kulamula kuti ndalama zalamulo zibwezeretsedwe, popeza milandu ya chuma chanzeru imagwera pansi pa art. 1019h Rv; ndikulola kulanda kosungira ndalama motsatira art. 700 Rv, kuphatikiza imodzi yokonzekera kupereka. Ndi malo omwe mkanganowo uli wa pangano - wogulitsa kapena wogwira ntchito wakale yemwe adavomereza kukhala ndi dzinalo - lomwe silili kunja kwa njira ya SIDN.

Umboni: zomwe wodandaulayo amafunikira

Njira zonse ziwiri zimayatsa zikalata. Sonkhanitsani, musanapereke zikalata:

• umboni wa ufulu wodalirika — satifiketi ya chizindikiro cha malonda yokhudza Netherlands kapena EU, kapena, ya dzina la malonda, umboni wogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi tsiku: ma invoice, malonda, zidutswa za Chamber of Commerce;
• zolemba za WHOIS ndi tsiku lolembetsa;
• zithunzi zakale za tsamba lililonse, tsamba lowongolera kapena tsamba loyimitsa lomwe lasankha, kapena zotsatira zopanda kanthu;
• makalata: chopereka chilichonse chogulitsa, ndi kalata yanu yosiya ndi kusiya yokhala ndi umboni woti yatumizidwa;
• umboni wa chisokonezo chenicheni, monga maimelo olakwika, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala otsimikiza motsatira nkhani 6:162 BW;
• za kuba, njira yowunikira: zolemba za olembetsa, zidziwitso zosamutsa, ndi pangano lotchula mwiniwake.

Kuteteza madandaulo ngati mwiniwake wovomerezeka

Kulandira madandaulo sikutanthauza kuti mwachita cholakwika chilichonse. Malamulowa amavomereza kuti wolembetsa akhoza kukhala ndi ufulu kapena chidwi chovomerezeka, ndipo amapereka zitsanzo: kugwiritsa ntchito dera, kapena kukonzekera kowonetsera kuti agwiritse ntchito, popereka katundu kapena ntchito zenizeni musanadziwitse mkangano; kudziwika ndi dzinalo; kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kovomerezeka kosakhala kwamalonda kapena kolungama popanda cholinga chosokeretsa. Komanso koyenera kuyesedwa: dzinalo ndi lofotokozera ndipo limagwiritsidwa ntchito mofotokozera; munalilembetsa ufulu wa wodandaulayo usanatuluke; kapena maguluwo akugwira ntchito m'magawo osagwirizana. Chete ndi choopsa - kusakhulupirika kumavomereza mfundo yachiwiri ndi yachitatu.

Kusagwirizana kumodzi ndikofunikira. Pansi pa UDRP, gulu likhoza kulengeza kuti lalanda dzina la domain pomwe dandaulo linaperekedwa mwachinyengo kuti munthu wovomerezeka akhale ndi domain yake. Malamulo a .nl alibe gawo lotere, ndipo magulu anena izi momveka bwino (WIPO Case No. DNL2016-0042, nhnieuws.nl, 13 Okutobala 2016). Wolembetsa wa .nl yemwe akukumana ndi dandaulo lozunza ayenera kupita kukhothi kuti akanene kapena kulipira ndalama.

Mayina a domain omwe atha ntchito komanso omwe achotsedwa ntchito

Ngati domain ya .nl yathetsedwa kapena sinakonzedwenso, imayikidwa pa quarantine kwa masiku makumi anayi. Munthawi imeneyo palibe wina amene angalembetse ndipo wolembetsa wakale yekha ndiye amene angabwezeretsedwe, mosasamala kanthu za ndalama zomwe wolembetsa adzalipira. Pambuyo pake dzinalo limatulutsidwa, ndipo chifukwa nthawi yotulutsidwa imasinthidwa mwachisawawa, anthu ogwetsa nthawi zambiri amatenga mayina ofunika mkati mwa masekondi. Chitanipo kanthu mkati mwa quarantine; mukamaliza, mumabwereranso kugula dzinalo kapena kubweretsa chindapusa.

Ngati dzina la munthu labedwa, pitirizani kuchita zinthu zingapo nthawi imodzi: funsani wolembetsa kuti asunge zolemba zake; dziwitsani SIDN; tetezani akaunti ya imelo ndi ziphaso zake; ganizirani za mlandu wokhudza milandu ; ndikukonzekera kubweza ngongole, ngati kuli kofunikira ndi kulanda komwe kukufuna kuperekedwa.

Kupewa mwachizolowezi

• Lembani modziteteza, koma molingana. Tengani .nl ya kampani yanu yaikulu musanayiyambe, ndi mitundu yodziwika bwino ya zolemba ndi zowonjezera zomwe makasitomala anu amagwiritsa ntchito.
• Khalani ndi kulembetsa. Munda wolembetsa uyenera kukhala ndi bungwe lovomerezeka — osati wantchito, osati bungwe, kapena woyambitsa kampaniyo. Ndi vuto lofala kwambiri lomwe timaliona.
• Tsekani ndi chowunikira. Utumiki wa SIDN wa .nl Control umaletsa kusintha kulikonse popanda chilolezo chomveka cha wolembetsa. Phatikizani ndi kuyang'anira kukonzanso pa kalendala ya kampani osati bokosi la imelo laumwini, ndipo yang'anani mautumiki olembetsa ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi mtundu wanu. SIDN imagulitsa chizindikiro chake cha malonda ndi ntchito yowonera domain ya .nl pansi pa dzina lakuti SIDN Brand Monitor.
• Lembetsani chizindikiro cha malonda. Popanda imodzi, UDRP siikuloledwa kwa inu, ndipo njira ya .nl imadalira kutsimikizira dzina la malonda la ku Netherlands.

Mapangano ndi kampani yapaintaneti kapena wantchito wochoka

Kutayika kwa mayina ambiri a domain ku Dutch ndi kulephera kwa mapangano, osati kungokhala chete. Mgwirizano uliwonse ndi bungwe la pa intaneti, wopanga mapulogalamu kapena wogulitsa IT uyenera kunena kuti kasitomala ndiye ndipo akadali wolembetsa mayina onse a domain; kuti wogulitsayo amagwira ntchito ngati wolumikizana ndi oyang'anira kapena waukadaulo; kuti adzagwirizana nthawi yomweyo komanso kwaulere pakusamutsa kulikonse kapena kusamukira kwa wolembetsa wina, ngati alangidwa; kuti ziphaso, zolemba za DNS ndi chizindikiro chololeza zimaperekedwa akachotsedwa ntchito; ndipo sichipeza ufulu wosungidwa. Kwa ogwira ntchito omwe amalembetsa mayina pantchito zawo, mgwirizano uyenera kutsimikizira kuti mayinawo ndi a kampaniyo ndipo amafunika kusamutsidwa akachoka.

Law & More imalangiza mabizinesi pakupeza ndi kuteteza mayina a domain: kuwunika ngati chizindikiro cha malonda, dzina la malonda kapena zomwe zanenedwa mopanda lamulo zilipo, kupereka kapena kuyankha madandaulo motsatira Malamulo a .nl kapena UDRP, ndikubweretsa milandu yofupikitsa pomwe kusamutsa kokha sikungagwire ntchito. Malangizo a malamulo a IT fotokozani bwino mfundo zonse, ndipo tikusangalala kuona maganizo anu musanalembe mbali ina.