Kodi Wantchito 'Akudwala' Koma Si Zoona? Buku Lolangiza la Malamulo kwa Olemba Ntchito

Ndi nkhani yomwe imakhumudwitsa eni bizinesi onse ndi manejala wa HR. Wantchito amaimba foni pafupipafupi mokayikira—mwina nthawi zonse Lolemba, nthawi yomweyo atakangana ndi manejala, kapena nthawi yomaliza isanafike. Pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, angawoneke ngati ali ndi thanzi labwino, kapena nkhani yawo siimveka bwino.

Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusamvana kwakukulu. Kumbali imodzi, muli ndi udindo wosamalira antchito anu. Kumbali ina, muli ndi chifukwa chomveka chowongolera kusakhalapo pantchito ndikuteteza zofuna za kampaniyo. Funso lalikulu limabuka: kodi olemba ntchito angachite chiyani mwalamulo akamakayikira ngati matenda a wantchito ndi olondola?

Ntchito ku Netherlands chilamulo imadziwika ndi chitetezo champhamvu cha antchito, koma sipatsa antchito ufulu woti adwale matenda abodza. Olemba ntchito ali ndi zida zalamulo zomwe angathe kugwiritsa ntchito—kuyambira malamulo owongolera mpaka zilango za malipiro, komanso, nthawi zina, kuchotsedwa ntchito. Komabe, njira yopezera mayankho awa imadzaza ndi mabomba otayira pansi. Kulakwitsa kamodzi kokha kungayambitse kuchotsedwa ntchito kapena kulipidwa kwakukulu. Bukuli likufotokoza za malamulo, ufulu, ndi njira zofunikira zothetsera vuto la kusakhalapo kwa odwala motsatira Chidatchi. chilamulo.

Ndondomeko Yamalamulo: Ufulu ndi Udindo

Kuti munthu achitepo kanthu moyenera, choyamba ayenera kumvetsetsa momwe malamulo amafotokozera zomwe zili mu Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek kapena BW) ndi Gatekeeper Improvement Act (Wonyowa verbetering poortwachter).

Udindo wa Wantchito

Wantchito amene akudwala amalandira chitetezo, koma izi zimabwera ndi ntchito zovuta. Nkhani 7:660a BW, wantchito wodwala ali ndi udindo mwalamulo wogwirizana ndi kuchira kwake ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwa ogwira ntchito. Izi si zosankha. Zimatanthauza kuti wantchito ayenera:

• Tsatirani malangizo oyenera operekedwa ndi olemba ntchito kapena Occupational Health and Safety Service (Arbodienst).
• Gwirizanani ndi njira zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuwathandiza kuchita ntchito yawoyawo kapena ntchito ina yoyenera.
• Landirani ntchito yoyenera ngati dokotala wa kampani wakupatsani ndipo ngati yavomerezedwa ndi dokotala wa kampaniyo (bedrijfsarts).

Kulephera kukwaniritsa maudindo amenewa kumalola olemba ntchito kupereka zilango. Lamulo ndi lomveka bwino: ufulu wopitiliza kulipira malipiro umagwirizana kwambiri ndi udindo wogwirizana.

Udindo wa Wolemba Ntchito

Udindo wa olemba ntchito umayendetsedwa mofanana. Nkhani 7:658a BW lamulo lakuti olemba ntchito ayenera kulimbikitsa kubwezeretsedwa kwa wantchito. Simuyenera kungokhala pansi ndikudikira kuti achire. Muyenera kutsogolera ntchito yoyenera ndikulemba dongosolo lochitira zinthu (Plan van Aanpak).

Komanso, under Nkhani 25 ya Lamulo la Ntchito ndi Ndalama (Capacity for Work) Act (Wet ntchito ndi inkomen ndi arbeidsvermogen), malipoti olondola ndi kupanga zikalata ndizofunikira, makamaka panthawi yomwe munthu sakugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Olemba ntchito ayenera kulinganiza kufunikira kolamulira kusakhalapo kwa antchito ndi udindo wawo wosamalira. Kukakamiza wantchito wodwala kwenikweni kungawoneke ngati kunyalanyaza udindowu, pomwe kulephera kuyang'anira wantchito wosakhulupirika kungawoneke ngati kusayendetsa bwino ntchito.

Zosankha Zowongolera ndi Zilango

Mukakayikira, simuli opanda mphamvu. Lamulo limapereka njira zenizeni zotsimikizira matenda ndi kukakamiza kuti malamulo azitsatiridwa.

Malamulo Ovomerezeka Olamulira

Malinga ndi Nkhani 3 ya Malamulo Oyendetsera Ubwino wa Matenda a 2020, olemba ntchito ali ndi ufulu wokhazikitsa malamulo oyenera owongolera. Izi ziyenera kulembedwa ndikufotokozedwa momveka bwino kwa antchito. Malamulo ovomerezeka wamba ndi awa:

• Malamulo okhudza malipoti: Kufuna kuti wantchito ayimbire nambala inayake nthawi isanakwane (monga 09:00 AM).
• Kufikira: Wantchito ayenera kupezeka pafoni kapena imelo nthawi zina.
• Kupezeka kwa macheke: Wantchito ayenera kukhalapo kuti akachezedwe ndi woyang'anira wamba (wowongolera spoedkapena ayenera kubwera nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala wa kampani.

Ngati wantchito alephera kutsatira malamulo oyendetsera ntchito awa—monga kukana kuyankha foni kapena kusafika kwa dokotala wa kampani—mukhoza kupereka chilango.

Zilango za Malipiro: Kuyimitsidwa Ntchito vs. Kuyimitsidwa

Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa mitundu iwiri ya zilango za malipiro, chifukwa kuzisokoneza kungakhale koopsa mwalamulo.

1. Kuyimitsidwa kwa Malipiro (Kusankhana mitundu): Ichi ndi chida chokakamiza. Mumayimitsa malipiro chifukwa wantchitoyo akukulepheretsani kuwona ngati akudwaladi (monga kuphonya nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala). Ngati agwirizana pambuyo pake ndipo apezeka kuti akudwaladi, muyenera kulipira malipiro oimitsidwawo mobwerezabwereza.
2. Kuyimitsa Malipiro (Kukonza zinthu mopanda malire): Ichi ndi chilango chotsimikizika. Mumasiya kulipira malipiro chifukwa wantchito akukana kugwira ntchito yoyenera kapena akukana kugwirizana ndi malangizo oyenera obwezeretsanso (Nkhani 7:629 BW). Malipiro awa amatayika kwamuyaya.

Malamulo aposachedwa, monga ECLI:NL:HR:2024:579 ndi ECLI:NL:GHSHE:2025:1737, ikutsimikizira kuti zilango ndi zoyenera ngati wantchito alepheretsa njira yowongolera. Komabe, chilangocho chiyenera kukhala chofanana ndi kulengezedwa nthawi yomweyo.

Kuchotsedwa pa Zifukwa Zachidule

Kuchotsedwa mwachidule (ontslag op staande voet) ndiye chilango chachikulu. Choletsa ichi ndi chachikulu kwambiri. Chimasungidwa pazifukwa zadzidzidzi, monga chinyengo kapena kukana kosalekeza kumvera malamulo oyenera (Nkhani 7:677 BW).

Malamulo a milandu (monga, ECLI:NL:GHSGR:2006:AX8698 ndi ECLI:NL:GHARL:2014:2600) zikusonyeza kuti kukana mwachidule chifukwa cha "kunamizira matenda" kumafuna umboni wosatsutsika. Kungokayikira sikokwanira. Kuphatikiza apo, kuletsa kuchotsa munthu pa nthawi ya matenda (opzegverbod) imagwira ntchito pa matenda enieni okha. Ngati wantchito wapezeka kuti akunamizira kudwala, chitetezochi chingalephereke, koma kutsimikizira umboniwu ndi udindo wa abwana.

Umboni Wolemetsa ndi Dokotala wa Kampani

Maganizo olakwika pakati pa olemba ntchito ndi akuti ndi omwe amatha kudziwa ngati wantchito akudwala. Malinga ndi lamulo la chinsinsi la ku Netherlands ndi ntchito, simungathe.

Ndani Ayenera Kutsimikizira Chiyani?

Lamulo lalikulu lokhudza udindo wopereka umboni ndi lokhwima: olemba ntchito ayenera kutsimikizira kuti wantchitoyo ndi osati odwala. Izi n'zovuta mwanzeru (zikutsimikizira kuti sizili bwino). Komabe, udindo umasinthasintha ngati wantchito aphwanya malamulo owongolera mpaka kufika poti kutsimikizira kumakhala kosatheka.

Monga tafotokozera mu ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2023:777Ngati wantchito apangitsa kuti kulamulira kukhale kosatheka, chiopsezo chimakhala kwa iyeyo.

Udindo Wofunika Kwambiri wa Dokotala wa Kampani (Bedrijfsarts)

Dokotala wa kampani ndiye yekhayo amene ali ndi ufulu wodziwa ngati ali ndi vuto lachipatala pa ntchito. “Kumva ngati munthu ali ndi vuto la m’mimba” kwa wolemba ntchito sikuli ndi udindo wovomerezeka.

• Kuunika kwa Zolinga: Makhothi nthawi zonse amalamula kuti kuwunika kwachipatala ndikofunikira (onani ECLI:NL:GHSHE:2025:1793).
• Zoopsa Zodumpha: Kupitiliza kuchotsedwa ntchito popanda chigamulo cha dokotala wa kampani n'koopsa. Monga taonera mu ECLI:NL:CRVB:2024:9393, kuthamangitsa wantchito chifukwa chosakhalapo popanda chilolezo pamene akunena kuti akudwala—popanda chilolezo cha dokotala—kungapangitse kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito kuthetsedwe.

Ngati dokotala wa kampaniyo akunena kuti palibe choletsa chachipatala kugwira ntchito, ndipo wantchitoyo akakana kubwerera, vutoli limasintha kuchoka pa “matenda” kupita ku “kukana kugwira ntchito,” zomwe ndi chifukwa cholangira.

Kuchulukana ndi Kusamalira Bwino

Ngakhale wantchito atakhala wolakwa, woweruza nthawi zonse amayesa kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa ntchito. Kodi chilango (makamaka kuchotsedwa ntchito) chinali yankho lofanana ndi la munthu amene anachita zinthu molakwika?

Mayeso a Kuyerekeza

Muzochitika ngati ECLI:NL:HR:2021:596 ndi ECLI:NL:CRVB:2025:624, oweruza amaganizira zonse zomwe zikuchitika:

• Chilengedwe ndi kusamala: Kodi linali bodza la kamodzi kokha kapena chinyengo chadongosolo?
• Kutalika kwa ntchito: Wantchito amene wakhala akugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali komanso wopanda vuto lililonse amakhala ndi mbiri yabwino kuposa wantchito watsopano.
• Zochitika zaumwini: Kodi wantchitoyo ali ndi mavuto ake enieni?
• Mbiri ya chenjezo: Kodi panali machenjezo omveka bwino komanso olembedwa kale?

Kufunika kwa Njira Yowongolera Zinthu

Kuchotsedwa ntchito kuyenera kukhala njira yomaliza yothetsera vutoli (njira yomaliza). Makhothi akuyembekezera makwerero okwera.

1. Chenjezo la pakamwa.
2. Chenjezo lolembedwa.
3. Kuyimitsidwa kwa malipiro.
4. Kuthamangitsidwa.

Kudumpha masitepe nthawi zambiri kumakhala koopsa kukhoti (onani ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2025:8726). Mfundo ya hoor en wederhoor (kumvetsera mbali zonse ziwiri) kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito; wantchito ayenera kupatsidwa mwayi wofotokoza mbali yake asanapatsidwe chilango chokhwima.

Kuchepetsa Mikhalidwe

Olemba ntchito nthawi zambiri amalephera milandu chifukwa cha kusachita bwino kwa njira. Ngati njira yopezera tchuthi chodwala sinali yomveka bwino, kapena ngati kulankhulana kunali kosamveka bwino, woweruza milandu akhoza kupereka chigamulo chokomera wantchitoyo (ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2025:8728).

Ndondomeko ya Gawo ndi Gawo: Kupanga Chikalata Chosalowa Madzi

Pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo chalamulo, olemba ntchito ayenera kutsatira njira yokonzedwa bwino akamakumana ndi kukayikira kochoka kuntchito.

Gawo 1: Onetsetsani kuti pali ndondomeko yomveka bwino yokhudza kusapita ku sukulu

Simungathe kukakamiza malamulo omwe palibe. Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi ndondomeko yolembedwa yofotokoza momwe mungalembere za matenda, zofunikira kuti munthu azitha kupeza ntchito, komanso zotsatirapo za kusatsatira malamulo. Onetsetsani kuti wantchito walandira izi.

Gawo 2: Lembetsani ndikulemba chilichonse

Kuyambira nthawi yomwe chitsanzo "chokayikitsa" chaonekera, chilembeni.

• Lembani masiku, nthawi, ndi zifukwa zomwe simunabwere.
• Sungani maimelo ndi makalata onse.
• Lembani chidule cha zokambirana zonse ndikugawana ndi wantchito kuti atsimikizire.

Gawo 3: Pitani kwa Dokotala wa Kampani Mwamsanga

Musakambirane za matendawo ndi wantchito. Mutumizeni kwa dokotala wa kampani. Funsani mwachindunji kuti: “Kodi pali vuto lachipatala lolephera kugwira ntchito yokhudzana ndi ntchito zawo?” Ngati simukugwirizana ndi dokotalayo, kapena wantchitoyo sakugwirizana, pemphani Katswiri Woona za Matendawo (Deskundigenoordeel) kuchokera ku UWV.

Gawo 4: Chenjezani ndi Kukweza

Ngati wantchito waswa malamulo (monga kuphonya nthawi yokumana), perekani chenjezo lolembedwa nthawi yomweyo. Ngati zitachitikanso, sinthani ku kuyimitsidwa kwa malipiro. Nthawi zonse tchulani nkhani yeniyeni ya ndondomeko yomwe yaphwanyidwa.

Gawo 5: Kuwunika Kuchuluka kwa Zinthu

Musanasankhe kuchotsedwa ntchito, funsani kuti: Kodi tayesa njira zopepuka? Kodi izi zikugwirizana ndi zomwe mukufuna? Funsani loya musanachitepo kanthu.

Gawo 6: Sonkhanitsani Umboni

Ngati mukukayikira zachinyengo (monga kugwira ntchito kwina ukudwala), muyenera umboni weniweni. Komabe, samalani ndi malamulo okhudza zachinsinsi okhudza kuyang'aniridwa. Dalirani makamaka kusatsatira malamulo a boma (kukana kupita kwa dokotala) m'malo mongoganizira za zachipatala.

Maphunziro Otsatira

Nkhani 1: Kusakhalapo Pachipatala Kwakanthawi Kochepa Popanda Chifukwa Chachipatala

Wantchito ankabwera kudzadwala Lolemba lililonse. Dokotala wa kampani sanapeze chifukwa cha matenda. Bwanayo anapereka machenjezo ovomerezeka chifukwa cha vutoli. Wantchitoyo atakana kubwerera kuntchito ngakhale kuti anali ndi matenda “oyenera”, bwanayo anasiya kulandira malipiro. Pomaliza pake, bwanayo anapempha kuti panganolo lithetsedwe chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa ubale wantchito ndi khalidwe losayenera. Khotilo linavomereza izi chifukwa fayiloyo inasonyeza kukana kugwira ntchito popanda zifukwa zachipatala.

Nkhani Yachiwiri: Kukana Kugwirizana ndi Kulamulira

Wantchito analephera mobwerezabwereza kufika kwa dokotala wa kampaniyo. Bwanayo anaimitsa malipiro ake ndipo anatumiza makalata angapo olembetsedwa. Pambuyo poti wachitatu sanapite ku ofesi popanda chifukwa chomveka, wantchitoyo anachotsedwa ntchito mwamsanga. Khotilo linavomereza kuchotsedwa ntchito (ECLI:NL:GHSHE:2025:1737) chifukwa kukana kosalekeza kulola ulamuliro wa zachipatala kunapangitsa kuti ubale wa ntchito usatheke.

Nkhani 3: Ndondomeko Yosamveka

Bwana wina anachotsa wantchito chifukwa chosakhala panyumba panthawi ya cheke. Komabe, buku la malangizo la kampaniyo silinatchule nthawi yoti "akhale panyumba". Wantchitoyo anati anali ku pharmacy. Khotilo linathetsa kuchotsedwa ntchito (ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2025:8728) chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kumveka bwino komanso kusalingana.

Zolakwa Zomwe Muyenera Kuzipewa

• Dokotala Wosewera: Musauze wantchito kuti “Sindikukhulupirira kuti mukudwala.” M’malo mwake, nenani kuti “Tikufuna dokotala wa kampani kuti aone ngati muli ndi mphamvu zokwanira.”
• Kuchotsedwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo: Kuchotsa munthu ntchito nthawi yomweyo popanda chenjezo kapena chilango cha malipiro nthawi zambiri sikungathetsedwe kukhoti chifukwa cha nkhani zosakhalapo pantchito.
• Mafayilo Osamveka: “Amakhala akudwala nthawi zonse” si umboni. “Iye sanalipo pa masiku 12 enieniwa” ndi umboni.
• Kunyalanyaza Zochitika Zaumwini: Kulephera kufunsa ngati pali mavuto ena (monga chisudzulo, ngongole) kungapangitse olemba ntchito kuoneka ngati osaganiza bwino.
• Kusagwirizana: Simungalange Wantchito A chifukwa cha chinthu chomwe mwamulola Wantchito B kuti achite.

Kutsiliza

Kuchita ndi wantchito amene akuoneka kuti “akunamizira” ndi mayeso a kuleza mtima ndi kudziletsa pa ntchito. Ngakhale kuti chibadwa chanu chingakhale kuchotsa ntchito nthawi yomweyo, malamulo aku Dutch amafuna njira yodziwira bwino.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi kusintha chidwi kuchokera ku zamankhwala chowonadi (chomwe simungathe kuchiweruza) kwa ndondomeko (zomwe mumayang'anira). Mwa kukakamiza mosamalitsa njira yomveka bwino, kugwiritsa ntchito dokotala wa kampani moyenera, ndikumanga njira yopezera mapepala ozungulira, mutha kupanga mlandu wodzitetezera ku zilango kapena kuchotsedwa ntchito. Komabe, popeza kuletsa kuchotsedwa ntchito kumakhala kovuta panthawi ya matenda, kufunafuna upangiri wa zamalamulo nthawi yomweyo chizindikiro cha kusatsatira malamulo ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

1. Kodi ine, monga wolemba anthu ntchito, ndingaweruze ngati wantchito akudwaladi?

Ayi. Malinga ndi lamulo la ku Dutch, simuli ndi ufulu woweruza matenda a wantchito. Dokotala wa kampani yekha (bedrijfsarts) kapena Utumiki wa Zaumoyo ndi Chitetezo Pantchito (Arbodienst() akhoza kuwunika mopanda tsankho kuti sangakwanitse kugwira ntchito. Kudziweruza nokha pankhani zachipatala kumabweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu komanso udindo waukulu mwalamulo. Nthawi zonse funsani dokotala wa kampani ngati mukukayikira (ECLI:NL:GHSHE:2025:1793).

2. Kodi ndi liti pamene ndingathe kuyimitsa kapena kuyimitsa malipiro a wantchito wodwala?

Mutha ku Kuimitsa malipiro ngati wantchito waswa malamulo owongolera (monga kuphonya nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala), kukulepheretsani kutsimikizira matendawo. Izi ndi zakanthawi; ngati apezeka kuti akudwala pambuyo pake, muyenera kulipira ndalama zomwe zatsala. Mutha Imani malipiro otsimikizika ngati dokotala wa kampaniyo atsimikizira kuti wantchitoyo ndi woyenera kugwira ntchito yoyenera koma akukana kuigwira, kapena ngati akukana kugwirizana ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwa antchito (Nkhani 7:629 BW). Zonsezi zimafuna chidziwitso cholembedwa pasadakhale.

3. Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chiyenera kuphatikizidwa mu ndondomeko ya kusakhalapo pantchito?

Ndondomeko yolimba iyenera kuphatikizapo:

• Malamulo okhudza malipoti: Kodi matenda ayenera kufotokozedwa liti komanso kudzera mu njira iti (foni/imelo)?
• Kufikira: Kodi wantchito ayenera kupezeka liti?
• Malamulo olamulira: Udindo woti akaonekere ku ofesi ya dokotala wa kampani.
• Ntchito zobwezeretsa anthu m'gulu: Kodi chikuyembekezeka nchiyani pankhani yokonzanso zinthu?
• Zotsatira: Zotsatira za kusatsatira malamulo.
  Iyenera kulembedwa, kufotokozedwa, ndipo makamaka ikhale mbali ya buku la antchito.

4. Kodi ndingachotse ntchito wantchito amene akudwala kwambiri Lolemba?

Kuchotsa ntchito mwachindunji potengera njira yokayikitsa nthawi zambiri sikungatheke. Muyenera kutsatira njira: funsani dokotala wa kampani, kulemba njirayo, kupereka machenjezo olembedwa, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zilango zofanana. Ngati dokotala sakupeza chifukwa chachipatala ndipo khalidwelo likupitirira, mutha kupempha kuti lithetsedwe potengera khalidwe loyenera (Article 7:669 sub 3 e BW). Chikalata cholimba ndichofunikira (ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2025:8341).

5. Nanga bwanji ngati dokotala wa kampani akunena kuti wantchitoyo ali bwino, koma iwo akunena zosiyana?

Ngati dokotala wa kampani alamula kuti palibe kulephera kugwira ntchito, nthawi zambiri wantchitoyo sakhala ndi ufulu wolandira malipiro odwala ndipo ayenera kugwira ntchito. Ngati akana, mutha kuyimitsa malipiro. Ngati wantchitoyo sakugwirizana, ayenera kupempha Katswiri Wopereka Malingaliro (Deskundigenoordeel) kuchokera ku UWV. Mpaka UWV italamula zosiyana, maganizo a dokotala wa kampaniyo ndi omwe alipo. Kupitiriza kukana kugwira ntchito kungayambitse zilango mpaka kuchotsedwa ntchito.

6. Kodi nthawi zonse ndiyenera kuchenjeza ndisanachotsedwe ntchito?

Ngakhale kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito mwachangu mwalamulo kumachitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zadzidzidzi, kwenikweni, kusowa kwa njira yochenjeza nthawi zambiri kumakhala koopsa. Oweruza amayesa kufanana. Pokhapokha ngati khalidwe loipa lili lalikulu (monga chinyengo), woweruza amayembekezera machenjezo asanachitike komanso njira zopepuka zochitira zinthu zophwanya malamulo (ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2025:8726).

7. Kodi wantchito anganene kuti sakudziwa malamulo?

Inde. Ngati ndondomekoyi sinafotokozedwe bwino kapena inali yosamveka bwino (monga, kodi WhatsApp yaloledwa?), iyi ndi njira yodzitetezera yolondola. Oweruza amafufuza ngati wantchitoyo angamvetse bwino zomwe akuyembekezera. Kusamveka bwino nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kuthetsedwa kwa zilango (ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2025:8728).

8. Kodi ndi zoopsa ziti zachuma zomwe zingabwere chifukwa cha kuyimitsidwa kwa malipiro kosayenera?

Ngati muyimitsa malipiro popanda zifukwa zomveka zovomerezeka, muyenera kubweza malipirowo komanso kukwezedwa kwa ndalama zomwe mwalamulo munapereka (wettelijke verhoging) mpaka 50%, kuphatikiza chiwongola dzanja chalamulo. Wantchitoyo atha kupemphanso chindapusa chifukwa cha ndalama zomwe adalipira kukhothi kapena kuvutika maganizo. Zimafooketsanso kwambiri udindo wanu pamilandu iliyonse yochotsedwa ntchito mtsogolo (ECLI:NL:HR:2024:579).

9. Kodi ndingathe kulanga wantchito chifukwa chochita zinthu pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti akadwala?

Zochita pa malo ochezera pa intaneti si umboni woti munthu ali ndi thanzi labwino pogwira ntchito. Munthu amene ali ndi vuto la kutopa kapena kuvulala kwa msana akhoza kuyikabe zinthu pa intaneti. Komabe, ngati ntchitoyo ikutsutsana ndi zoletsa zachipatala (monga kuyika zithunzi za anthu akunyamula zolemera ali pamavuto a msana), gwiritsani ntchito izi ngati chifukwa chopempha dokotala wa kampani kuti ayang'anenso ntchito yake. Musasiye malipiro kutengera zolemba za pa Instagram zokha; lolani dokotalayo aone ngati pali kusagwirizana kwa zachipatala.