Chipinda cha Makampani (Ondernemingskamer) ndi gawo lapadera la Amsterdam Khoti Loona za Apilo lomwe limayang'anira mikangano yokhudza kayendetsedwe ka makampani, mikangano ya eni masheya, ndi kafukufuku wa makampani motsatira malamulo a makampani aku Dutch. Likhoza kulamula kufufuza za kayendetsedwe ka makampani, kukhazikitsa njira mwachangu monga kuyimitsa owongolera kapena kuyimitsa kusamutsa magawo, ndipo — kuyambira kusintha kwa Wagevoe mu Januwale 2025 — kusamalira milandu yonse yokakamiza yogula ndi kutuluka kwa makampani omwe sanalembetsedwe mu forum imodzi yolumikizidwa.
Kodi Chipinda cha Makampani ndi chiyani ndipo chingathe kuchita chiyani?
Chipinda cha Makampani (Ondernemingskamer) ndi gawo lapadera la Amsterdam Khoti Loona za Apilo. Ndi khoti lokhalo ku Netherlands lomwe limayang'anira mikangano yokhudza kayendetsedwe ka makampani, mikangano ya eni masheya, ndi kufufuza za makampani. Kumene makhoti wamba a m'chigawo amasamalira nkhani zosiyanasiyana za anthu, Bungwe la Enterprise Chamber limayang'ana kwambiri ukadaulo wa malamulo a kampani, zomwe zimawathandiza kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu komanso motsimikiza pamikangano yovuta yamakampani.
Mphamvu zake zimapitirira kulengeza yemwe ali wolondola. Bungwe la Enterprise Chamber likhoza kulamula kuti pakhale kafukufuku wodziyimira pawokha wa momwe kampani yayendetsedwa, kutsimikizira kuti kayendetsedwe kake kolakwika (wanbeleid) kachitika, ndikukhazikitsa njira zomangira zokonzanso. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo kuyimitsa kapena kuchotsa owongolera, kusankha owongolera odziyimira pawokha kapena woyang'anira kwakanthawi, kuyimitsa zisankho za eni masheya, ndikuletsa kusamutsa magawo. Kuphatikiza uku kwa mphamvu zofufuzira ndi ulamuliro wolowerera mwachindunji mu kampani kumapangitsa Bungwe la Enterprise Chamber kukhala lamphamvu kwambiri mkati mwa dongosolo lazamalamulo la ku Netherlands.
Mwachidule, Bungwe la Enterprise Chamber nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi mikangano mkati mwa makampani omwe ali ndi anthu ambiri (BVs): kusamvana kwa 50/50 pakati pa oyambitsa awiri, eni masheya ambiri akusiya ochepa, bungwe lomwe silikugwiranso ntchito, kapena kukayikira kuti ndalama za kampani kapena mwayi wapatutsidwa. Chifukwa oweruza ake amangodziwa bwino malamulo a kampani, Bungwe la Enterprise Chamber limatha kumvetsetsa zenizeni zamalonda za mikangano iyi mwachangu ndikusintha njira zake zothetsera mavuto kuti bizinesiyo ipitirire m'malo mongopereka mlandu.
Ndani angatumize milandu ya Enterprise Chamber ku Netherlands?
Ufulu woyambitsa kafukufuku waperekedwa mu Dutch Civil Code. Kwa makampani ambiri, eni masheya kapena omwe ali ndi ndalama zosungira zomwe pamodzi amayimira osachepera 10% ya ndalama zomwe zaperekedwa - kapena omwe masheya awo ali ndi mtengo wochepera EUR 225,000 - akhoza kupereka pempho. Zolemba za kampani zitha kuvomereza kuyimilira pazifukwa zabwino kwambiri.
Kupatula eni masheya, ena angakhalenso ndi maudindo pazochitika zinazake, kuphatikizapo kampaniyo yokha (kudzera mu bungwe lake), mabungwe ogwira ntchito nthawi zina, ndi Advocate General ku Amsterdam Khoti Loona za Apilo lochita zinthu mokomera anthu onse. Mabungwe ogwira ntchito angapatsidwenso ufulu wopereka zikalata za bungwe. Popeza udindo ndi malire ake zimadalira kapangidwe ka kampani ndi zikalata zake zoyendetsera ntchito, ndikofunikira kuti udindowo uunikidwe musanapereke zikalatazo.
Kafukufuku asanamveke, wopemphayo nthawi zambiri ayenera kaye kupereka zotsutsa zake ku bungwe la kampaniyo ndi bungwe loyang'anira, zomwe zimawapatsa mwayi wokwanira woyankha — sitepe yomwe imadziwika kuti bezwaren-eis. Kudumpha gawoli kungapangitse kuti pempho livomerezedwe, choncho ndikofunikira kulemba nkhawa mwalamulo komanso nthawi yoyenera musanapite kukhoti.
Kodi njira zofufuzira (enquêteprocedure) ndi ziti ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji?
Ndondomeko yofufuza (njira yofufuzira) ndiyo njira yaikulu ya Bungwe la Makampani. Nthawi zambiri imachitika m'magawo awiri. Mu gawo loyamba, wopemphayo akupempha khothi kuti lilamulire kufufuza mfundo ndi momwe kampaniyo ikuyendera. Bungwe la Makampani livomereza pempholi ngati pali zifukwa zomveka zokayikira kayendetsedwe kabwino. Ngati lavomerezedwa, khothi limasankha ofufuza odziyimira pawokha m'modzi kapena angapo omwe amafufuza kampaniyo ndikupereka zomwe apeza.
Mu gawo lachiwiri, potengera lipoti la ofufuza, Bungwe la Enterprise Chamber likhoza kutsimikizira mwalamulo kuti kayendetsedwe ka zinthu kachitika molakwika ndikuphatikiza zotsatira zake ku zomwe zapezeka. Zotsatirazi zitha kuphatikizapo kuthetsa zisankho zomwe zikukangana, kuchotsa kapena kuyimitsa owongolera kapena mamembala a bungwe loyang'anira, ndi njira zina zomangira. Mbali yamphamvu ya njirayi ndi yakuti khothi likhoza kupereka njira zokhazikika nthawi yomweyo pagawo lililonse - ngakhale kafukufuku asanayambe - pomwe vutoli likufunika kulowererapo mwachangu.
Zitsanzo za zinthu zomwe zapangitsa kuti Bungwe la Enterprise lipeze kuti kayendetsedwe ka bizinesi ndi kolakwika ndi monga kuphwanya malamulo okhudza udindo wodziwitsa eni masheya, mikangano ya zofuna zomwe sizinayendetsedwe bwino, zisankho zomwe zachitika popanda kufunsana kofunikira, ndi kusagwirizana kosalekeza komwe kumalepheretsa kampaniyo. Mwayi wa "zifukwa zomveka zokayikira kayendetsedwe ka bizinesi" ndi wopezeka mwadala: wopemphayo safunika kutsimikizira kuti kayendetsedwe ka bizinesi ndi kolakwika - koma pali mafunso okwanira kuti atsimikizire kuti kampaniyo ikuyang'ana kumbuyo kwa zochitikazo payekha.
Kodi ndi njira ziti zomwe Bungwe la Enterprise Chamber lingapereke mwachangu?
Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe Bungwe la Enterprise Chamber lilili lothandiza kwambiri ndi kuthekera kwake kupereka njira zofulumira (zanthawi) — voorlopige voorzieningen — mkati mwa masiku angapo pamene mkangano ukuopseza kuwonongeka kwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo. Njirazi zapangidwira kukhazikitsa bata pakampani pamene mkangano womwe uli mkati mwake ukuthetsedwa.
- Kuyimitsa kapena kuchotsa otsogolera m'modzi kapena angapo kapena mamembala a bungwe loyang'anira;
- Kusankha otsogolera odziyimira pawokha m'modzi kapena angapo kapena woyang'anira kwakanthawi wokhala ndi mphamvu zotsimikiza;
- Kuyimitsa kapena kuthetsa malingaliro enaake a eni masheya kapena a bungwe;
- Kusamutsa magawo kwakanthawi kwa woyang'anira wodziyimira pawokha kuti athetse vuto;
- Kuletsa kusamutsa magawo kapena zochitika zina zomwe zingasokoneze kampaniyo.
Njira izi zitha kulamulidwa nthawi yonse ya zochitikazo ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala poyambira pa mkangano wa eni masheya, chifukwa zimabwezeretsa mphamvu ya kampaniyo yogwira ntchito pamene ubwino wake ukufufuzidwa.
Kodi kusintha kwa Wagevoe 2025 kunasintha bwanji zochitika za Enterprise Chamber?
Kusintha kwa Wagevoe, komwe kunachitika pa 1 Januwale 2025, kunasintha malamulo okhudza mikangano ya eni masheya m'makampani omwe sanalembedwe. Kusintha kwakukulu kwambiri ndi kuphatikiza: milandu yokakamiza yogula (uitstoting) ndi kutuluka (uittreding) pakati pa eni masheya osagwirizana tsopano ikukambidwa ku Enterprise Chamber mu forum imodzi, yokonzedwa bwino, m'malo mofalikira m'makhothi ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana.
Mwachidule izi zikutanthauza nthawi yochepa, ndalama zochepa, komanso zotsatira zomwe zingadziwike bwino kwa eni masheya omwe akuyenera kulekana. Kuphatikiza njira zogulira ndi kutuluka ndi mphamvu zomwe zilipo za Enterprise Chamber zofufuza komanso zochepetsera nthawi kumapatsa eni masheya aku Dutch BV njira yolondola kwambiri yochokera ku mikangano kupita ku kuthetsa kusiyana ndi momwe inalili isanachitike kusinthaku.
Kusinthaku kusanachitike, makhothi wamba ankayang'anira zopempha zogula ndi kutuluka ndipo zinkatha kuchitika nthawi imodzi ndi zochitika zofufuza ku Enterprise Chamber, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuyanjana, kuchedwa komanso chiopsezo cha zisankho zotsutsana. Mwa kusonkhanitsa njira izi ku Enterprise Chamber, lamulo la Wagevoe limalola gulu limodzi la akatswiri kukambirana za kulephera kwa ulamuliro komanso funso la yemwe ayenera kusiya kampaniyo - ndi kuwerengera mtengo wa magawo ngati gawo la njira yomweyo.
Kodi milandu ya Enterprise Chamber imawononga ndalama zingati ndipo imatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Ndalama ndi nthawi yake zimadalira kwambiri kuuma kwa mkanganowo, kuchuluka kwa magulu, komanso ngati kafukufuku walamulidwa. Njira zokhazikika zitha kuperekedwa mkati mwa masiku kapena milungu ingapo kuchokera pamene pempho laperekedwa, zomwe zimakhala zachangu kwambiri kuti khothi lichitepo kanthu. Kufufuza konse - kuphatikizapo kusankha ofufuza, lipoti lawo, ndi chigamulo chachiwiri - kumatha kuyambira miyezi ingapo mpaka chaka chimodzi pazinthu zovuta.
Pa ndalama zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, magulu ayenera kupanga bajeti ya ndalama za khothi, ndalama za ofufuza omwe asankhidwa ndi khothi (zomwe kampani kapena chipani chingalamulidwe kuti chizinyamula), komanso oimira milandu awo. Chifukwa chakuti Bungwe la Enterprise Chamber lingathe kuthetsa mkangano mwachangu ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, njirayi nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika mtengo kuposa zaka zambiri za milandu yofanana. Kuyerekeza mtengo koyenera kumafuna kuwunikanso mkanganowo.
Poyerekeza ndi milandu yanthawi zonse ya khothi lachigawo, milandu ya Enterprise Chamber nthawi zambiri imakhala yachangu kuti ipange zotsatira zenizeni, chifukwa njira zochepetsera nthawi zimatha kukhazikika kampaniyo nthawi yayitali isanapereke chigamulo chomaliza. Poyerekeza ndi milandu yoweruza milandu, Enterprise Chamber imapereka chinthu chomwe milandu siyingathe kuchita: mphamvu yolowerera mwachindunji mu kayendetsedwe ka kampaniyo - kuyimitsa owongolera kapena kusankha woyang'anira - ndichifukwa chake milandu yokhudza kayendetsedwe ka milandu ndi mikangano yothetsa mavuto nthawi zambiri imakhala yoyenera kwambiri ku Enterprise Chamber kuposa ku khothi lachinsinsi.
Kodi ndingayambe bwanji zochitika za Enterprise Chamber ndi Law & More?
Law & MoreMaloya a makampani ali ndi chidziwitso chachindunji pazochitika za Enterprise Chamber mu Amsterdam, kuchitapo kanthu m'malo mwa onse omwe ali ndi magawo omwe amabweretsa madandaulo ndi makampani ndi owongolera omwe akuwateteza. Timayamba ndi kuwunika ngati mkangano wanu ukuyenerera njira iyi yokwezera, mphamvu ya udindo wanu, ndi zofunikira zomwe zikugwira ntchito ku kampani yanu.
Kuchokera pamenepo timakonza njira yabwino kwambiri — kaya ndi pempho lofunsira, pempho loti tigule kapena tituluke, kapena pempho lofunika kuti tipeze njira zogwirira ntchito — ndikuchita nawo zochitikazo kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto. Kuti mukambirane za vuto lanu, funsani Law & More kuti muwunikenso mwachinsinsi.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Kodi Enterprise Chamber (Ondernemingskamer) ndi chiyani?
Bungwe la Enterprise Chamber ndi gawo lapadera la Amsterdam Khoti Loona za Apilo lomwe limayang'anira mikangano yokhudza kayendetsedwe ka makampani, mikangano ya eni masheya, ndi kafukufuku wa makampani motsatira malamulo a kampani yaku Dutch.
Ndani angapereke milandu ku Enterprise Chamber?
Ogawana nawo kapena omwe ali ndi ndalama zolipirira omwe akuyimira osachepera 10% ya ndalama zomwe zaperekedwa (kapena magawo omwe ali ndi mtengo wochepera EUR 225,000) akhoza kuyika milandu yofufuza, pamodzi ndi magulu ena monga kampani, mabungwe ogwira ntchito, ndi Advocate General pazochitika zomwe zafotokozedwa.
Kodi Bungwe la Enterprise Chamber lingachitepo kanthu mwachangu bwanji?
Bungwe la Enterprise Chamber likhoza kupereka njira zokhazikika mkati mwa masiku omwe pali kufunika kogwira ntchito mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti likhale njira yofulumira kwambiri yolowererapo m'malamulo amakampani aku Dutch pamikangano yoyenerera.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Bungwe la Makampani ndi khoti lachi Dutch wamba?
Makhothi wamba a m'chigawo amasamalira mikangano yambiri ya anthu ndikusankha yemwe ali woyenera mwalamulo. Bungwe la Enterprise Chamber limadziwika kwambiri ndi malamulo a kampani ndipo likhoza kupita patsogolo: likhoza kulamula kuti pafufuzidwe momwe kampani yayendetsera ntchito ndikupereka njira zomangira monga kuyimitsa owongolera kapena kusankha woyang'anira.
Kodi Bungwe la Enterprise lingakakamize munthu amene ali ndi magawo kugulitsa magawo ake?
Inde. Kudzera mu ndondomeko yogula (uitstoting) ndi kutuluka (uittreding) — yomwe idaphatikizidwa ku Enterprise Chamber kuyambira kusintha kwa Wagevoe mu Januwale 2025 — khothi likhoza kulamula wogawana magawo kusamutsa magawo awo kapena kufuna kuti ogawana ena agule, ndi kuwerengera kwa magawo komwe kumatsimikiziridwa ngati gawo la ndondomekoyo.
Tsamba ili ndi gawo la Law & More's guide to kuthetsa mikangano ya bizinesi mu malamulo amakampani aku DutchOnaninso zathu njira yothandiza yothetsera mikangano ya eni masheya ndi chidule cha zosankha zanu zalamulo pamene mkangano pakati pa eni masheya ubuka.
