Milandu yabodza: ​​mungapite pati kuti muteteze dzina lanu?

Ngati wina akukunamizirani, malamulo aku Dutch amakulolani kupempha kuti muchotsedwe, kukonzedwanso, ndikupempha kuti mulandire ndalama, nthawi zambiri kudzera mu pempho losaloledwa motsatira Article 6:162 ya Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek, BW) ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, kudzera mu ndondomeko yofulumira. Malire akulu ndi yankho lanu: ngati muyankha poyera, kutchula wokunenezani kapena kuonetsa anthu ambiri kuti akuthandizeni, mutha kukhala ndi mlandu, ngakhale mlandu womwe ukukutsutsani unali wabodza kotheratu.

Mlandu wabodza ukhozanso kukhala mlandu, monga kunyoza (smaad) kapena kunyoza (laster) motsatira Nkhani 261 ndi 262 za Dutch Criminal Code (Wetboek van Strafrecht, Sr), kapena lipoti labodza kwa apolisi. Njira iliyonse yomwe mungasankhe, gawo loyamba nthawi zonse limakhala lofanana: sungani mawuwo, tsiku lake, wolemba wake ndi omvera ake musanasinthe kapena kuchotsa.

Kodi mungachite chiyani ndi mlandu wabodza?

Muli ndi njira zitatu: mlandu wa anthu otsutsana ndi munthu amene wapereka mlanduwo, mlandu waupandu, ndi pempho ku nsanja yomwe ikusunga mawuwo. Zitha kugwirizanitsidwa, ndipo kusakaniza koyenera kumadalira zomwe mukufuna kukwaniritsa.

Ngati mukufuna kuti nkhaniyo ichotsedwe ndikukonzedwa, njira yachiwembu nthawi zambiri ndiyo yachangu kwambiri. Mwachidule, khothi likhoza kulamula kuti nkhaniyo ichotsedwe, kukonzedwanso komanso kuletsa kubwerezabwereza mkati mwa milungu ingapo. Ngati mlanduwo wakuwonongerani ndalama, mwachitsanzo ntchito kapena mgwirizano, kupempha chiwongola dzanja cha chiwembu cha chiwembu ndiyo njira yopezeranso mlanduwo. Njira yachiwembu ndiyomveka pamene wotsutsayo wabodza mwadala, kapena wapereka lipoti labodza ku polisi. Ndi pang'onopang'ono, ndipo simuli kulamulira: Public Prosecution Service (Openbaar Ministerie, OM) imasankha ngati iperekedwe mlandu. Pa mawu apaintaneti, chidziwitso ku nsanjayi chingachotse zomwe zili mkati mwa masiku, popanda khothi lililonse.

M'machitidwe, milandu yambiri imayamba ndi umboni, kenako kalata yovomerezeka, ndipo pokhapokha ngati pakufunika, khothi. Nkhani yathu yokhudza kusiyana pakati pa kunyoza ndi kunyoza imafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane mawu a upandu.

Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani pa masiku oyambirira a moyo?

Pezani umboni kaye ndipo musayankhe poyera. Zimene mumachita masiku oyamba nthawi zambiri zimatsimikiza kuti muli ndi mphamvu yotani pambuyo pake.

Pangani zithunzi za positi iliyonse, ndemanga, uthenga ndi ndemanga, ndi tsiku, nthawi, ulalo wa akaunti ndi dzina la akauntiyo kuti ziwonekere. Sungani maimelo ndi mauthenga a pafoni mu mawonekedwe awo oyambirira. Lembani amene adawona kapena kumva mlanduwo komanso nthawi yomwe adautumizira. Musachotse chilichonse, kuphatikizapo mauthenga opweteka omwe adatumizidwa kwa inu.

Zithunzi zojambulidwa zitha kutsutsidwa. Ngati nkhaniyi ndi yaikulu, kapena ngati mukuyembekeza kuti zomwe zili mkati mwake zisowa, funsani woyang'anira milandu (gerechtsdeurwaarder) kuti alembe zomwe zili pa intaneti mu lipoti lovomerezeka (proces-verbaal van constatering). Khothi limapatsa lipoti lotere kulemera kwakukulu.

Kenako yang'anirani kulankhulana kwanu. Musalankhule ndi wokunenezani, musatumize uthenga wotsutsa ndipo musapemphe anzanu kuti akuchitireni zimenezo. Dulani kulankhulana mwachindunji ngati n'kotheka ndipo lolani loya wanu alankhule. Ngati muyenera kunena chinachake, mwachitsanzo kwa abwana anu kapena kwa makasitomala anu, chitani mwachidule komanso molondola: mukukana mlanduwo ndipo mukuchitapo kanthu kukhothi.

Kodi mawu oti munthu anene ndi osaloledwa ndi lamulo la ku Netherlands ndi liti?

Chikalatacho n'chosaloledwa ngati, malinga ndi malamulo, ufulu wanu woteteza mbiri yanu ukuposa ufulu wa munthu wina wolankhula. Khoti limayesa zonse zomwe zikuchitika pa mlanduwu; palibe mndandanda wokhazikika.

Ufulu wonsewu umatetezedwa ndi Pangano la Ufulu wa Anthu ku Ulaya (ECHR): ufulu wolankhula mu Nkhani 10 ndi kulemekeza moyo wachinsinsi, kuphatikizapo mbiri, mu Nkhani 8. Palibe chilichonse chomwe chimapambana chokha. Khothi limayang'ana mtundu wa mlanduwu ndi momwe ulili woopsa, ngati unathandizidwa ndi mfundo zomwe zinalipo panthawiyo, momwe unalembedwera, ngati unathandiza anthu onse, komanso ngati munthu amene wapereka mlanduwo anakupatsani mwayi woyankha. Nkhaniyi ndi yofunikanso. Nkhani yomwe imafika kwa anthu masauzande ambiri ndi yolemera kuposa ndemanga yomwe mwanena pagulu.

Kusiyana pakati pa mawu enieni ndi zigamulo zamtengo wapatali kumapangidwa. Mlandu woona, monga kuti mwaba ndalama kapena mwazunza mnzanu, uyenera kukhala ndi maziko okwanira a umboni. Lingaliro, monga kuti utumiki wanu ndi woipa, limapatsidwa malo ambiri, bola ngati silikunyoza kapena silikugwirizana ndi mfundo iliyonse. Anthu omwe ali pagulu, monga andale ndi akuluakulu odziwika bwino, ayenera kulekerera kutsutsidwa kwambiri kuposa anthu wamba, chifukwa anthu ali ndi chidwi chachikulu pa zokambirana zawo. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti palibe chomwe chingachitike: mlandu wabodza umakhala wosaloledwa ngakhale munthu amene akukufunirani.

Kodi mungapite pati poyankha kwanu?

Mungakane mlanduwo ndikuwongolera, koma mayeso omwewo amagwiranso ntchito pa zomwe mukunena. Yankho lomwe limatchula ndi kuchititsa manyazi wotsutsa wanu, kapena kufalitsa zambiri zawo, lingakhale losaloledwa ngakhale mutakhala kuti ndinu wolondola kotheratu.

Makhothi amavomereza kuti munthu amene waukiridwa akhoza kudziteteza, ndipo yankho likhoza kukhala lolimba. Komabe, yankholo liyenera kukhala lolingana. Kufalitsa dzina la woneneza, chithunzi kapena mauthenga achinsinsi a woneneza, kapena kumuneneza kuti wabodza kapena milandu, kumapitirira kukonzedwa. Kungayambitse mlandu wotsutsana nanu chifukwa chofalitsa mosaloledwa. Kufalitsa zambiri za woneneza kungaphwanyenso General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Kukhala wolondola si chitetezo pa momwe mukunenera.

Yankho lomveka bwino nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi zinthu zitatu. Limaperekedwa kwa omvera omwewo omwe adamva mlanduwo, osati kwa anthu ambiri. Limatsatira mfundo zenizeni: zomwe zanenedwa, chifukwa chake sizowona komanso zomwe mukuchita nazo. Ndipo limapewa mawu okhudza khalidwe kapena zolinga za woneneza. Mwachitsanzo, wantchito amene wanenezedwa zabodza pa intaneti ya kampani, angapemphe olemba ntchito kuti afalitse uthenga wokhudza intranet imeneyo, m'malo molemba nkhaniyi pa akaunti ya anthu onse.

Ndani ayenera kutsimikizira chiyani?

Monga wodandaula, muyenera kusonyeza kuti mawuwo adanenedwa ndipo ndi osaloledwa. Komabe, munthu amene adaneneza zoona ayenera kusonyeza kuti zinali ndi umboni wokwanira panthawiyo.

Lamulo lalikulu mu Article 150 Rv ndilakuti munthu amene amadalira zotsatira za mlandu ayenera kutsimikizira mfundo zomwe zachokera. Choncho muyenera kutsimikizira zomwe zinanenedwa, ndi ndani, kwa ndani komanso liti. Ndicho chifukwa chake kupeza umboni msanga n'kofunika kwambiri. Sikuti nthawi zonse muyenera kutsimikizira kuti mlanduwo ndi wabodza, zomwe sizingatheke. Makhothi amafunsa ngati mlanduwo unali ndi chithandizo chokwanira pa mfundo zomwe wopanga mlanduyo anali nazo pamene unaperekedwa (steun in het feitenmateriaal). Wotsutsa amene sangatchule mfundo zotere nthawi zambiri amataya, ngakhale simungatsimikizire kuti ndi woipa.

M'machitidwe, makhothi amaonanso momwe wopanga nkhaniyo adachitira mosamala. Kodi adayang'ana nkhaniyi, kapena adapereka mphekesera? Kodi adakupatsani mwayi woyankha musanaisindikize? Kodi adasankha mawu osalowerera ndale kapena mawu osonyeza malingaliro oipa? Mtolankhani yemwe adafufuza mosamala ndikupereka mlanduwo ngati wokayikitsa ali pamalo amphamvu kwambiri kuposa munthu amene adapereka mphekesera.

Kodi mumaletsa bwanji mawuwo?

Yambani ndi kalata yovomerezeka yopempha; ngati zimenezo sizikugwira ntchito, funsani khoti mwachidule kuti lilamulire kuchotsa ndi kukonza. Khoti likhoza kupereka malamulo otere mkati mwa milungu ingapo, mothandizidwa ndi chilango cha kuphwanya kulikonse.

Kalata yopempha (sommatiebrief) imalongosola zomwe zili zabodza, chifukwa chake sizili zovomerezeka ndi zomwe mukufuna: kuchotsa, kukonza ndi kulonjeza kuti musabwerezenso, mkati mwa nthawi yochepa. Nthawi zambiri imathetsa nkhaniyi. Imapanganso mbiri yoti mwapatsa munthu winayo mwayi wokonza zinthu, zomwe khothi lidzaziganizira.

Ngati kalatayo inyalanyazidwa, mutha kuyamba milandu yomaliza (kort geding) pamaso pa woweruza milandu woyambirira (voorzieningenrechter). Muyenera kusonyeza chidwi chofulumira (spoedeisend belang) motsatira Nkhani 254 ya Dutch Code of Civil Procedure (Rv). Mauthenga omwe akuchitika pa intaneti nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi mayeso amenewo, bola mutachitapo kanthu mwachangu mutapeza. Woweruza akhoza kulamula wotsutsa kuti achotse mawuwo, kuti asawabwerezenso ndikufalitsa uthenga wokonza. Motsatira Nkhani 6:167 BW, khothi likhoza kulamula kuti uthengawo ufalitsidwe mu fomu ndi malo omwe atsimikiza, mwachitsanzo pa nsanja yomweyo kapena pagulu lomwelo. Lamuloli nthawi zambiri limaphatikizidwa ndi malipiro a chilango (dwangsom) tsiku lililonse kapena kuphwanya kulikonse kwa kusatsatira malamulo.

Chiweruzo chachidule ndi chakanthawi. Sichimathetsa mkangano pomaliza, koma pamilandu yonyoza dzina nthawi zambiri chimathetsa mkanganowo. Ngati mukufunanso ndalama zolipirira, kapena chigamulo chomaliza, mumayamba milandu yokhudzana ndi umboni (bodemprocedure).

Kodi mungapemphe chipukuta misozi chifukwa cha mlandu wabodza?

Inde. Ngati mlanduwo unali wosaloledwa, mutha kupempha chipukuta misozi chifukwa cha kutayika kwa ndalama komwe kudabweretsa komanso, nthawi zambiri, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kosafunikira kwa ulemu ndi mbiri yanu.

Chilangochi chikuchokera pa lamulo losaloledwa pansi pa Article 6:162 BW. Kutayika kwa ndalama kumaphatikizapo kutayika kwa ndalama mutachotsedwa ntchito, mapangano otayika ndi ndalama zochepetsera kuwonongeka. Muyenera kuwonetsa mgwirizano pakati pa mlandu ndi kutayika. Kalata yochotsera ntchito yomwe ikunena za mlandu, mawu ochokera kwa anzanu kapena makasitomala, ndi malipoti ndi mapangano ndi mtundu wa umboni womwe umagwira ntchito. Pansi pa Article 6:106(1)(b) BW, mutha kupemphanso kuwonongeka kosafunikira ngati ulemu wanu kapena dzina lanu labwino lawonongeka. Makhothi aku Dutch amapereka ndalama zochepa pa izi; kukonza nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofunikira kuposa ndalamazo.

Pempho la kuwonongeka liyenera kuperekedwa mkati mwa zaka zisanu kuchokera tsiku lomwe mwazindikira kuwonongekako ndi munthu amene wachititsa, ndipo nthawi iliyonse mkati mwa zaka makumi awiri kuchokera pamene chochitikacho chachitika, motsatira Article 3:310 BW. Pa milandu yachidule, chitanipo kanthu mkati mwa milungu ingapo: khothi lidzafunsa chifukwa chake munadikira ngati mukunena mwachangu.

Ku Netherlands, chipani chotayika nthawi zambiri chimalipira ndalama zolipirira mlandu wa chipani china, kutengera mitengo yokhazikika (liquidatietarief). Ndalamazo sizimalipira ndalama zonse za loya wanu. Ndalama zolipirira kukhothi (griffierecht) nazonso zimalipidwa.

Kodi mungachotse bwanji milandu yabodza pa intaneti?

Nenani zomwe zili papulatifomu kaye, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yake yodziwitsira. Malinga ndi EU Digital Services Act, nsanja ziyenera kupereka njira yotereyi ndipo ziyenera kupereka zifukwa ngati zikukana kuchotsa zomwe zili papulatifomu.

Lamulo la Digital Services Act (Regulation (EU) 2022/2065, DSA) lakhala likugwira ntchito pa nsanja zonse za pa intaneti ndi ntchito zosungira kuyambira pa 17 February 2024. Malinga ndi Article 16 DSA, ntchito yosungira iyenera kukhala ndi njira yosavuta yodziwitsira ndi kuchitapo kanthu polemba nkhani zosaloledwa. Malinga ndi Article 17 DSA, iyenera kufotokoza chisankho chake ngati ikuletsa kapena kukana kuletsa zomwe zili. Mapulatifomu a pa intaneti ayeneranso kupereka njira yodandaulira mkati mwa Article 20 DSA, ndipo mutha kupita ku bungwe lovomerezeka lothetsa mikangano kunja kwa khoti malinga ndi Article 21 DSA.

Chidziwitso chabwino ndi chachindunji. Dziwani zolemba ndi ma URL enieni, fotokozani chifukwa chake mawuwo ndi abodza komanso osaloledwa, ndipo onjezerani umboni. Onaninso malamulo a nsanjayo, mwachitsanzo pankhani yokhudza kuzunza. Zisankho zoyamba zokha nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoipa, choncho gwiritsani ntchito njira yodandaula ngati lipoti lanu lakanidwa.

Wopereka chithandizo cha intaneti sakhala ndi mlandu pa zomwe amasunga kwa ena, bola ngati sakudziwa kuti ndi zosaloledwa. Akalandira chidziwitso chokwanira ndipo sachitapo kanthu mwachangu, akhoza kutaya chitetezo chimenecho motsatira Article 6 DSA. Ku Netherlands, opereka chithandizo ambiri amatsatiranso Malamulo Odziyimira Pawokha ndi Kuchotsa. Izi zimapatsa chidziwitsocho mphamvu yeniyeni, ngakhale kuti wopereka chithandizo amangochotsa zomwe zili zosaloledwa popanda chilolezo cha khothi.

Ngati wolembayo sakudziwika, mutha kupempha woperekayo kuti aulule dzina lake ndi adilesi yake. Mu Lycos/Pessers (Supreme Court, 25 Novembala 2005, ECLI:NL:HR:2005:AU4019 ), Khoti Lalikulu linagamula kuti woperekayo akhoza kukakamizidwa kutero. Malamulo ake ndi akuti mawuwo ndi osaloledwa komanso owopsa, kuti muli ndi chidwi chenicheni ndi detayo, kuti palibe njira yocheperako yopezera wolembayo, ndipo chidwi chanu chimaposa cha woperekayo ndi wolembayo.

Injini yosakira ikhoza kupemphedwa kuti ichotse zotsatira zokhudza inu pansi pa ufulu wofufuta mu Article 17 GDPR. Izi sizichotsa zomwe zili zoyambirira, koma ulalo womwe uli muzotsatira zosaka, ndipo injini yosakira imayesa chidwi chanu poyerekeza ndi chidwi cha anthu onse pazidziwitsozo. Pa ndemanga za bizinesi yanu, nkhani yathu yokhudza nthawi yomwe ndemanga ya pa intaneti ikhala yonyoza ikupereka tsatanetsatane wambiri. Ma kampeni ozunza afotokozedwa munkhani yathu yokhudza kuzunza pa intaneti ndi kuwonongeka kwa mbiri pa intaneti.

Nanga bwanji ngati wotsutsa kapena nsanja ili kunja kwa dziko?

Mu EU, nthawi zambiri mutha kumanga mlandu ku Netherlands ngati malo anu ofunikira ali pano. Kunja kwa EU, malamulo okhudza ulamuliro ndi kukakamiza malamulo amasiyana malinga ndi dziko.

Malinga ndi Nkhani 7(2) ya Brussels I bis Regulation (Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012), pempho la kuchita zinthu zosaloledwa likhoza kuperekedwa m'makhothi a komwe chochitika choopsacho chinachitikira. Pa mawu a pa intaneti, Khoti Loona za Ufulu la EU lagamula kuti mutha kupempha kuwonongeka kwanu konse m'dziko lomwe lili membala komwe muli ndi malo anu ofunikira, komwe nthawi zambiri kumakhala komwe mumakhala kapena kugwira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, wokhala ku Netherlands nthawi zambiri amatha kumanga mlandu wotsutsa kudziko lina la EU kukhothi la ku Netherlands. Kukakamiza chigamulocho kunja ndi sitepe yosiyana, koma mkati mwa EU ndikosavuta.

Ngati wotsutsayo akukhala kunja kwa EU, malamulo a ulamuliro wa ku Netherlands amagwirabe ntchito, koma kukakamiza kumadalira lamulo la dziko lina. Mapulatifomu akuluakulu ali ndi mabungwe aku Europe ndipo amamangidwa ndi DSA, yomwe nthawi zambiri imadziwitsa nsanjayo njira yothandiza kwambiri. Nkhani yathu yokhudza mlandu waupandu pamawu operekedwa pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ikufotokoza za mbali yaupandu yamawu operekedwa pa intaneti.

Kodi mlandu wabodza umakhala mlandu waupandu liti?

Kuneneza zabodza kungafanane ndi kunyoza, kunyoza, madandaulo abodza kapena lipoti labodza. Kunyoza ndi kunyoza zimangotsutsidwa ngati mutapereka madandaulo nokha.

Kunyoza (smaad) motsatira Nkhani 261 Sr akuukira mwadala ulemu wa munthu kapena dzina labwino mwa kumuneneza za mfundo inayake, ndi cholinga chodziwikiratu kuti ifalikire poyera. Ngati ichitika polemba kapena m'zithunzi, ndi kunyoza kolembedwa (smaadschrift). Kunyoza (laster) motsatira Nkhani 262 Sr ndi kunyoza kochitidwa ndi munthu amene akudziwa kuti mlanduwo si wabodza. Palibe kunyoza kochitidwa ngati wopangayo wachita zinthu mokomera anthu onse ndipo angaganize kuti mlanduwo ndi woona. Motsatira Nkhani 269 Sr, kunyoza ndi kunyoza ndi milandu yodandaula (klachtdelicten): OM akhoza kungotsutsa ngati mupereka madandaulo ovomerezeka (klacht).

Milandu ina iwiri ikukhudza malipoti abodza kwa akuluakulu aboma. Malinga ndi Article 268 Sr, ndi chilango kupereka dala madandaulo abodza kapena lipoti lotsutsana ndi munthu winawake, zomwe zingawononge ulemu wawo kapena dzina lawo labwino (lasterlijke aanklacht). Malinga ndi Article 188 Sr, ndi chilango kupereka mlandu kwa apolisi podziwa kuti sunachitike (valse aangifte). Ngati munanenedwa zabodza kwa apolisi, malamulowa angagwire ntchito kwa munthu amene anakunenani.

Mumalemba madandaulo kapena kupereka lipoti ku polisi. Kenako OM imasankha ngati ikufuna kuimbidwa mlandu. Ngati itero, khothi liyenera kutsimikizika kuti ndi lolakwa potengera umboni wovomerezeka, womwe ndi mayeso ovuta, makamaka pamene chidziwitso cha wotsutsa kuti mlanduwo unali wabodza chiyenera kutsimikiziridwa. Mutha kulowa nawo mlandu waupandu ngati munthu wovulala (benadeelde partij) kuti mupemphe ndalama. Ngati OM asankha kusaimbidwa mlandu, mutha kulemba madandaulo ku khothi la apilo motsatira Nkhani 12 ya Code of Criminal Procedure (Sv), mkati mwa miyezi itatu mutadziwitsidwa za chisankhocho. Nkhani yathu yokhudza zomwe mungachite pamene wotsutsa milandu sakupitilira ikufotokoza njira imeneyo.

Nanga bwanji ngati bizinesi yanu ndiye cholinga chanu?

Kampani ikhozanso kupempha kuti ipereke chigamulo chotsutsana ndi malamulo okhudza nkhaniyi. Kuyesa kofananako kumagwiranso ntchito, ndipo kampani ikhoza kupempha kuti ichotsedwe komanso kuti ipereke chipukuta misozi chifukwa cha kutayika kwa ndalama zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zonama zokhudza bizinesi nthawi zambiri zimachokera kwa antchito akale, makasitomala osakhutira kapena opikisana nawo. Kasitomala ali ndi ufulu wogawana zomwe adakumana nazo, ngakhale m'mawu okhwima, koma osanena zoona, monga kuti kampani yachita zachinyengo. Wopikisana naye amene amafalitsa mabodza okhudza malonda anu angachitenso zinthu zosaloledwa motsatira malamulo okhudza malonda osokeretsa komanso ofananitsa omwe ali mu Nkhani 6:194 ndi 6:194a BW. Khoti Loona za Ufulu la EU lagamula kuti kampani ikhoza kupempha kuwonongeka konse m'dziko lomwe lili ndi chidwi chake, lomwe kwa kampani ya ku Netherlands nthawi zambiri ndi Netherlands.

Ngati mlanduwo unachokera kwa wantchito wakale, onani zigawo zosaulula ndi zotsutsana ndi malamulo mu mgwirizano wa mgwirizano kapena mgwirizano wa ntchito, chifukwa zingapereke maziko owonjezera ochitirapo kanthu.

Nanga bwanji ngati mlandu wabodza waperekedwa kuntchito?

Bwana ayenera kufufuza mlandu mosamala ndikumva mbali yanu asanaganize. Kuchotsedwa ntchito chifukwa cha mlandu womwe wapezeka kuti ndi wopanda maziko nthawi zambiri sikungagwire ntchito.

Malinga ndi Nkhani 7:611 BW, olemba ntchito ayenera kukhala ngati olemba ntchito abwino. Kuchotsedwa ntchito mwachidule kumafuna chifukwa chofunikira (Nkhani 7:678 BW) chomwe olemba ntchito ayenera kutsimikizira; mlandu wosatsimikizika sikokwanira. Nkhani yathu yokhudza kuchotsedwa ntchito mwachidule pogwiritsa ntchito mauthenga a WhatsApp ikuwonetsa momwe makhothi amawunikira umboni wamtunduwu.

Kodi zoopsa zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha milandu ndi ziti?

Milandu yamilandu imatenga nthawi, imawononga ndalama ndipo ingakope chidwi cha anthu ambiri pa mlanduwo. Munthu winayo angabweretsenso chiweruzo chotsutsa mlanduwo.

Mlandu wa khothi ukhoza kuyambitsa nkhani yofalitsidwa ndi atolankhani yomwe imafalitsa nkhaniyo kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake milandu yambiri imathetsedwa ndi mgwirizano wolembedwa (vasttellingsovereenkomst) womwe uli ndi kukonza, kuletsa kubwerezabwereza komanso chiganizo cha chilango. Mbali inayi inganenenso kuti zomwe mwanena sizinali zovomerezeka ndipo ingakufunseni kuti muwononge ndalama. Mawu aliwonse omwe mwanena pagulu pambuyo pa mlanduwo adzawunikidwanso. Nthawi zina kuchotsa mwachangu papulatifomu kumakwaniritsa zambiri kuposa mlandu wautali.

Kodi muyenera kufufuza chiyani ngati mukuimbidwa mlandu?

Yang'anani umboni wanu ndi nthawi yanu yomaliza musanayankhe. Kupempha chiwongola dzanja kumakhala kocheperako patatha zaka zisanu mutadziwa za kuwonongekako ndi munthu amene wachititsa (Nkhani 3:310 BW), koma zochitika mwachidule zimafuna kuti muchitepo kanthu mkati mwa milungu ingapo.

• Chiganizo chilichonse chimasungidwa ndi tsiku, nthawi, URL ndi wolemba, ngati pakufunika kutero mu lipoti la bailiff.
• Simunayankhe pagulu, ndipo yankho lililonse limapita kwa omvera okhawo omwe amva mlanduwo.
• Nsanjayi yalandira chidziwitso chapadera motsatira Article 16 DSA.
• Kutayika kwanu kwa ndalama, monga kutayika kwa ndalama kapena mapangano, kwalembedwa.
• Ngati mupereka mlandu wokhudza kunyoza dzina lanu, mukudziwa kuti OM ndiye amasankha ngati akufuna kuimbidwa mlandu (Article 269 Sr).

Kodi muyenera kufufuza chiyani ngati wolemba ntchito?

Monga olemba ntchito, muyenera kufufuza mlandu wotsutsana ndi wantchito mosamala motsatira Nkhani 7:611 BW. Kuchotsedwa ntchito mwachidule chifukwa cha mlandu wosatsimikizika nthawi zambiri sikungagwire ntchito.

• Wantchitoyo amamvedwa nkhani isanaperekedwe chigamulo chilichonse.
• Kafukufukuyu ndi wachinsinsi ndipo zomwe wapeza zalembedwa.
• Kuyimitsidwa (kosachitapo kanthu) sikutenga nthawi yayitali kuposa momwe kungafunikire.
• Mnzanu amene akufalitsa nkhani zabodza amaganiziridwa kuti achitepo kanthu.
• Mawu amkati kapena akunja satchula dzina la wantchito kapena wotsutsa.

Kodi tingakuchitireni chiyani ngati mwamunamizira?

Maloya athu atolankhani amasamalira milandu yokhudza mbiri ya anthu komanso nkhani zokhudzana ndi ntchito ndi milandu.

• Timayesa ngati mawuwo ndi osaloledwa komanso ngati umboni womwe ukusowabe.
• Timatumiza kalata yopempha (sommatiebrief) kuti tichotse, tikonzenso komanso kuti tisabwerezenso.
• Timalemba chidziwitsocho pa pulatifomu ndikupempha kuti wolemba wosadziwika adziwe dzina la wolembayo.
• Tikuyamba mwachidule njira zochotsera ndi kukonza zinthu motsatira Article 6:167 BW, mothandizidwa ndi chilango.
• Tikupempha chiwongola dzanja chifukwa cha ndalama zomwe mwataya komanso kuvulaza dzina lanu labwino motsatira Nkhani 6:162 ndi 6:106 BW.

Chidule

• Mlandu wabodza ukhoza kukhala chinthu chosaloledwa ndi lamulo (Nkhani 6:162 BW); khoti likhoza kulamula kuti mlandu uchotsedwe, kukonzedwanso (Nkhani 6:167 BW) ndi kuwononga ndalama.
• Pezani umboni poyamba, ngati kuli kofunikira kudzera mu lipoti la bailiff, ndipo musayankhe poyera.
• Yankho lanu limayesedwa ndi mayeso omwewo; kutchula kapena kuchititsa manyazi wotsutsa wanu kungakupangitseni kukhala ndi mlandu.
• Pa intaneti, gwiritsani ntchito njira yodziwitsira motsatira Digital Services Act; wopereka chithandizo akhoza kulamulidwa kuti aulule dzina la wolemba wosadziwika.
• Kunyoza ndi kunyoza anthu ena kumatsutsidwa pokhapokha ngati mwadandaula; kupereka lipoti labodza kwa apolisi ndi mlandu wina.

MAFUNSO OFUNSIDWA KAWIRIKAWIRI