Ngati mnzanu wanena kuti walephera kulipira ngongole panthawi ya mlandu, pempho lanu loti mulipire ndalama limathetsedwa ndi lamulo ndipo pempho lanu limatsimikiziridwa kudzera mwa trustee yemwe ali mu bankirapuse. Mu kuyimitsidwa kwa malipiro kapena mu ndondomeko ya Dutch scheme motsatira WHOA, mlandu wanu umapitirira; chomwe chikukhudzidwa pamenepo si mlandu wokha koma kuthekera kwanu kokakamiza.
Munkhaniyi muwerenga malamulo akuluakulu oyendetsera milandu motsutsana ndi mnzake wosakwanitsa kulipira ngongole motsatira malamulo aku Dutch, ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito komanso njira zomwe mungachite.
Lamulo lalikulu
Zotsatira zake zimasiyana kwambiri malinga ndi nthawi yomwe khoti lapereka chigamulo. Pakulephera kulipira, kuchotsedwa kwa ngongole ndi kuchitiridwa zinthu mofanana kwa obwereketsa, lamulo limalowererapo mwachindunji pazochitika zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa. Pakuyimitsa kulipira, zochitika zanu zimapitirira ndipo makamaka kukakamiza ndiko komwe kumakhala koletsedwa. Mu ndondomeko ya WHOA zochitika zanu zimapitiriranso, koma nthawi yoziziritsa ikhoza kuletsa kwakanthawi mphamvu yanu yokakamiza.
Choncho nthawi zonse yang'anani kaye zomwe zalamulidwa, tsiku liti, komanso ngati kuyimitsidwa kwa malipiro kapena njira ya WHOA kwasanduka bankirapuse. Tsiku limenelo pambuyo pake limakhala tsiku lothandizira kuthetsa mavuto, kupewa zochitika ndi funso lakuti ndi zochita ziti zomwe zikugwirabe ntchito.
Kulephera kugwira ntchito: zotsatira zake zimadalira udindo wanu
Pakulephera kulipira ngongole, lamulo limalowerera mwachindunji m'makhoti omwe akuyembekezera komanso omwe akubwera mtsogolo, koma zotsatira zake zimasiyana malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili. Zinthu zisanu ziyenera kusiyanitsa; buku lathu lotsogolera kulephera kulipira ngongole kwa amalonda ndi omwe ali ndi ngongole limafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za kutha kwa ngongoleyo.
Ndinu amene mukupempha ndipo mukupempha kuti mulipire. Chofunika ndichakuti ngati pempho lanu likufuna kuti katundu wanu akwaniritsidwe. Milandu imeneyo imaletsedwa ndi lamulo (gawo 29 la Dutch Bankruptcy Act, Fw). Mumapereka pempho lanu kwa trustee kuti litsimikizidwe. Pokhapokha ngati pempholo likutsutsidwa panthawi yotsimikizira ndipo milanduyo ikupitilizidwa; chipani chomwe chikutsutsa pempholi chimatenga malo a chipani chomwe chalephera kulipira. Kubweretsa mlandu watsopano, wosiyana pa mlandu wa chuma umenewo sikuloledwa ndi lamulo (gawo 26 Fw). Pa mlandu wolipira, njira yodutsa trustee ndi njira yotsimikizira ndiye yomwe yasankhidwa.
Ndinu wopempha ndipo mukupempha china chake osati malipiro. Zopempha za chigamulo cholengeza, chochotsa, chochita china osati malipiro, kapena chobwezera katundu wanu sizili kunja kwa gawo 29 Fw. Milandu imeneyo ikupitirira. Monga wopempha mutha kupempha kuyimitsidwa kuti muitane trustee kuti alowe nawo mu milandu (gawo 28 Fw). Ngati trustee satenga mlandu, mutha kupitiriza motsutsana ndi munthu amene walephera kulipira, koma chigamulo sichidzakhala ndi mphamvu pa chuma (gawo 25(2) Fw).
Munthu amene walephera kulipira ngongole ndiye amene wapempha. Apa kuletsa kulipira ngongole sikungochitika zokha. Monga wotsutsa muyenera kupempha kuletsa kulipira ngongole, kenako mutha kupempha woteteza kuti ayambe kugwira ntchito (gawo 27 Fw). Ngati wotetezayo sakuyankha, mutha kupempha kuti muchotsedwe pa mlanduwo. Ngati simutero, mlanduwu ukhoza kupitilizidwa motsutsana ndi munthu amene walephera kulipira ngongole popanda kusokoneza chuma. Wotetezayo akhozanso kutenga mlanduwo yekha.
Mlanduwu unali wokonzeka kale kuweruzidwa. Ngati zikalatazo zinali zitaperekedwa kale kukhothi kuti zigamulidwe asanafike lamulo la bankirapuse, malamulo okhudza kuletsa sagwira ntchito ndipo khothi limangopereka chigamulo (gawo 30 Fw). Ngati mlanduwo upitilizidwa pambuyo pake, malamulo a magawo 27 mpaka 29 Fw amayambiranso. Onani kusiyana pakati pa kupeza chigamulo ndi kutha kuchigwiritsa ntchito: chigamulo choterechi chiyeneranso kuthetsedwa kudzera mu kutsimikizira kuti chiyitanidwe motsutsana ndi chumacho. Kukakamiza kwina motsutsana ndi chumacho sikungatheke (gawo 33 Fw).
Munali kale ndi chigamulo kuchokera ku bankirapuse musanalowe mu bankirapuse. Chikalata chovomerezeka chomwe chinapezedwa musanalowe mu bankirapuse sichikuthandizaninso motsutsana ndi chuma: kumalizidwa kwa malamulo oyembekezera ndi zomangira zimatha (gawo 33 Fw). Chikalatacho chikadali chothandiza kuthandizira kutsimikizira kwanu komanso motsutsana ndi anthu ena, monga wotsimikizira kapena wobwereketsa wogwirizana.
Kutsimikizira, kubweza ndalama ndi kukula kwa malo
Pa milandu yomwe imakhudza chuma, kubweretsa mlandu watsopano motsutsana ndi kampani yomwe yasweka sikuloledwa ndi lamulo (gawo 26 Fw). Mumatumiza mlandu wanu, pamodzi ndi zikalata zothandizira, kwa trustee (gawo 110 Fw). Ngati trustee kapena mnzanu wobwereketsa akupitiliza kutsutsana ndi mlanduwo, woweruza woyang'anira amayesa kaye mgwirizano kenako amatumiza maguluwo ku ndondomeko yobwezera ndalama kuti apereke chigamulo pa zomwe zili mu akauntiyo (gawo 122 Fw). Ngati milandu yanu inali ikuyembekezera kale ndipo ikutsatira gawo 29 Fw, palibe njira yatsopano yofunikira: milanduyo ikupitilira m'dziko lomwe anali.
Komabe, chisankho pa zoyenerera sichitsimikizika pa nthawi iliyonse yomaliza. Renvoi imafuna msonkhano wotsimikizira, ndipo msonkhanowo umachitika pokhapokha ngati pali katundu wokwanira m'nyumba. Ngati zadziwika pasadakhale kuti obwereketsa wamba osatetezedwa sadzalandira chilichonse, kutseka kosavuta kumachitika popanda msonkhano wotsimikizira (gawo 137a Fw), ndipo palibe chisankho pa zoyenerera za zomwe mukufuna.
Yesani zimenezo pasadakhale. Ngati katundu wopanda kanthu kapena wotsala pang'ono kukhala wopanda kanthu, mungakhale pachiwopsezo chogwiritsa ntchito ndalama pokonza renvoi popanda kugawa kapena kusankha chilichonse chokhudza ubwino wake. Funsani woyang'anira za kukula kwa katunduyo musanayambe renvoi, ndipo ganizirani kuchuluka kwa kugawa komwe mukuyembekezeredwa kuti musankhe ngati mupitiliza.
Nthawi zochepetsera ndi zotayira katundu zomwe zimakhala pansi pa kupsinjika chifukwa cha bankirapuse zimakulitsidwa ngati pakufunika kutero (gawo 36 Fw).
Kuyimitsa malipiro: zotsatira zochepa pa mlanduwu, zambiri pa kukakamiza
Kuyimitsa malipiro ndi njira yopumulira yomwe cholinga chake ndi kupangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha. Njira yosiyana imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa milandu yomwe ikuyembekezeredwa komanso yatsopano kuposa momwe zilili mu bankirapuse, koma sizikutanthauza kuti kuyimitsa sikukhudza njira yanu yopezera milandu.
Zomwe sizichitika: kuyimitsidwa kwa malipiro sikuletsa milandu yomwe ikuyembekezeredwa ndipo sikuletsa kuti yatsopano isabweretsedwe (gawo 231(1) Fw). Chifukwa chake, mutha kupitiliza ndikupeza chigamulo. Pokhapokha ngati pali pempho loti mulipire ngongole yomwe wobwereketsa wavomereza, pomwe mulibe chidwi ndi chigamulo kuti mupemphe ufulu motsutsana ndi anthu ena, khothi lingachedwetse chigamulo chake mpaka kuyimitsidwa kutatha (gawo 231(2) Fw).
Zomwe zimachitika, motsatira mfundo zisanu. Kukakamiza kwaletsedwa: wobwereketsa sangakakamizidwe kulipira, kukakamiza komwe kwayamba kale sikunayimitsidwe ndipo zomangira zimatha (zigawo 230(1) ndi (2) Fw), makamaka pa zopempha wamba zopanda chitetezo (zigawo 232 ndi 233 Fw). Obwereketsa omwe ali ndi ngongole zapadera komanso obwereketsa omwe ali ndi ufulu wolonjeza kapena ngongole ya nyumba amakhalabe kunja kwa chipikacho. Ngati khothi lalamula nthawi yoziziritsa, udindo umenewo ukhoza kuchepetsedwa kwakanthawi (gawo 241a Fw). Ngati pali mgwirizano woperekedwa, mumapereka pempho lanu kwa woyang'anira (gawo 257 Fw) ndipo limayikidwa pamndandanda wa obwereketsa (gawo 259 Fw); pempho likhozanso kukambidwa pamsonkhano (gawo 266 Fw), pambuyo pake woweruza woyang'anira, kapena khothilo litalephera, limasankha ngati mwavomerezedwa ku voti komanso ndalama zingati (gawo 267 Fw). Ndipo ngati kukonzanso sikunatheke, kuyimitsidwako kungasinthe kukhala bankirapuse, pomwe pempho lanu limalowa mu ndondomeko yonse ya bankirapuse, kuphatikizapo kutsimikizira ndi kubweza ngongole, ngakhale mutaloledwa kale kuvotera.
Sungani kusiyana kwakukulu: kuvomerezedwa ku voti pa nkhani yokhudza kusankhidwa kwa kampani sikofanana ndi chigamulo chomaliza cha zomwe mwapempha. Mosiyana ndi bankirapuse, kuyimitsa malipiro sikuli ndi njira yotsimikizira kapena kubwezera ndalama, kotero pempho lanu silimatsimikizika pomaliza pa kuyimitsa komweko.
Choncho, kupitiriza kutsutsa mlandu panthawi yoyimitsidwa sikubweretsa malipiro, koma kungakhale kopindulitsabe: mumasunga umboni wanu wamakono, mumapeza chikalata chomwe mungagwiritse ntchito motsutsana ndi otsimikizira ndi omwe ali ndi ngongole limodzi, ndipo mumakhala pamalo olimba ngati kuyimitsidwako kumatha kapena kusanduka bankirapuse.
WHOA: udindo wanu ukufunika kuunikanso bwino
Mowonjezereka, zomwe zikutsatira si kuyimitsa malipiro koma njira yoyendetsera ntchito motsatira WHOA , Dutch Act on Court Confirmation of Extrajudicial Restructuring Plans (zigawo 369 ndi zina zotero. Fw). Milandu yanu ikupitirira, koma khothi likhoza kulamula nthawi yoziziritsa. Munthawi imeneyo mutha kungokakamiza chumacho ndi chilolezo cha khothi, zomangira zitha kuchotsedwa, ndipo kusamalira madandaulo a bankirapuse ndi kuyimitsa kwayimitsidwa (gawo 376 Fw).
Monga wobwereketsa, sikokwanira kudikira ndikuwona ngati, ndi dongosolo liti, likuperekedwa. Unikani kapangidwe ka kalasi: kodi pempho lanu layikidwa mu kalasi iti, ndipo kodi kuyikako ndikoyenera malinga ndi mtundu ndi udindo wa pempho lanu? Unikani zomwe zaperekedwa: kodi mwalandira zomwe mukufuna kuti muwunike dongosolo, kuphatikizapo kuwerengera mtengo ndi kufananiza ndi vuto la bankirapuse? Unikani njira yovotera: kodi pempho lanu laphatikizidwa molondola mu voti ndipo kodi zotsatira mkati mwa kalasi yanu zatsimikiziridwa molondola? Ndipo unikani chitsimikizo: kodi dongosololi likukwaniritsa zofunikira zalamulo, kuphatikiza malamulo okhudza kugawa mtengo pakati pa magulu?
Kaya mukukakamizidwa ndi dongosolo lotsimikizika zimadalira ngati, komanso momwe, zomwe mukufuna zikugwirizana ndi dongosolo limenelo komanso gulu lomwe lili m'gulu lomwe mukufuna. Ngati dongosololi latsimikizika ndipo zomwe mukufuna zikugwirizana ndi gulu loyenera, mukuyenera kukakamizidwa ngakhale mutavota motsutsana nalo.
Zotsutsa kutsimikizira ziyenera kuperekedwa munthawi yake komanso mkati mwa dongosolo la malamulo; zotsatira za kuphonya mphindi zimadalira mtundu wa zotsutsa komanso gawo la ndondomekoyi. Chifukwa chake musadikire mpaka nthawi yochepa kuti mlandu uchitike: fufuzani pempholo likangopezeka ndipo dziwani nthawi yomwe zotsutsa zanu ziyenera kubweretsedwa komanso njira yomwe ziyenera kubweretsedwa.
Zosiyana ndi zinthu zina zofunika: njira zomwe zili pafupi ndi malo
Ngati kutsutsa munthu amene walephera kulipira ngongole sikungakupatseni phindu lililonse, kapena ngati mukufuna kufufuza njira zina zomwe zikugwirizana ndi malo, nkhani zotsatirazi ndizofunikira.
Nyamukani
Ngati muli ndi ngongole kwa mnzanu, kubweza ngongole kungakhale njira yofunika kwambiri yobweza ngongole, chifukwa sikudalira kugawa kwa chuma kuchokera ku chuma. Kubweza ngongole kumaloledwa ngati ngongoleyo ndi ngongoleyo zidachitika lamulo la bankirapuse lisanachitike, kapena chifukwa cha zochita zomwe zidachitidwa ndi munthu amene wabankirapuse lisanafike nthawi imeneyo (gawo 53 Fw).
Kaya kubweza ngongole ndi kotheka komanso kokongola kumadalira pakati pa zinthu zina pa nthawi yomwe pempho ndi ngongole zinayamba, pa ubale walamulo pakati pa magulu awiriwa, pa lonjezo lililonse kapena kuperekedwa kwa pempho kwa munthu wina, pa chikhulupiriro chabwino ngati pempho kapena ngongoleyo yasamutsidwa, kusamutsa ngongoleyo mwachinyengo sikuchotsedwa (gawo 54 Fw), komanso pa mgwirizano ndi zenizeni. Musayimitse kulipira popanda chifukwa chomveka, koma konzani nthawi yomweyo momwe ndalama zanu zoyambira zikuyendera ndikuziyesa.
Ufulu wachitetezo ndi zopempha za eni ake
Si milandu yonse yomwe imapereka lingaliro lofanana; zotsatira zalamulo zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa chitetezo.
Kusunga umwini: bola ngati mtengo wogulira sunalipidwe mokwanira, katunduyo amakhalabe wanu ndipo mutha kuwatenganso, bola ngati mungathe kusonyeza izi ndipo katunduyo akadali wodziwika.
Ufulu wobweza katundu: malinga ndi malamulo, mutha kubweza katundu wotumizidwa koma osalipidwa (gawo 7:39 ndi zina zotero za Dutch Civil Code). Ufuluwu uli ndi nthawi yake yochepa komanso zifukwa zake zotha ntchito ndipo uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yoyenera.
Ufulu wosunga katundu: izi zimakupatsirani ufulu woyimitsa kutumiza katundu mpaka mutalipira, koma sizikupatsani umwini ndipo, mosiyana ndi lonjezo kapena ngongole ya nyumba, sizimakupatsani mwayi wodzipatula pakugawa katundu.
Lonjezo ndi ngongole ya nyumba: eni ake a lonjezo kapena ngongole ya nyumba akhoza kukakamiza ngati odzipatula, kunja kwa njira yovomerezeka yotsimikizira (gawo 57 Fw).
Munthawi yoziziritsa mtima simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito ufuluwu popanda chilolezo, koma kukula ndi nthawi ya chiletso chimenecho zimasiyana malinga ndi dongosolo: gawo 63a Fw mu bankirapuse, gawo 241a Fw mu kuyimitsidwa kwa malipiro ndi gawo 376 Fw mu WHOA. Choncho onani, malinga ndi ufulu wachitetezo ndi dongosolo, ngati mungathe kuchitapo kanthu komanso momwe mungachitire.
Mapangano omwe akupitilira
Ngati muli ndi pangano lopitilira ndi mnzanu, trustee sakakamizidwa kuchita zimenezo nthawi yomweyo. Mutha kupatsa trustee nthawi yoyenera yoti alengeze udindo wake (gawo 37 Fw), koma kukhazikitsa nthawi imeneyo sikuti kumabweretsa kuchita bwino: trustee angakane kutsimikizira panganolo, kapena kunena kuti sakufuna kapena sangathe kupereka chitetezo cha kuchita bwino.
Siyanitsani pakati pa magwiridwe antchito omwe mwapereka kale, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwera pansi pa chitsimikizo chachizolowezi ngati chopempha chopanda chikole pokhapokha ngati pali chinthu chofunikira kwambiri; magwiridwe antchito amtsogolo, pomwe woyang'anira amasankha ngati mgwirizanowo upitirire; zopempha za chuma, kutanthauza maudindo omwe adabuka pambuyo pa lamulo la bankirapuse popempha kwa woyang'anira ndipo nthawi zambiri amatengedwa ndi chumacho; ndi zolipira chifukwa chosagwira ntchito kapena kuthetsa, zomwe zimayikidwa zimadalira kutengera kuwonongeka ndi nthawi yomwe chopemphacho chidayamba. Chifukwa chake, chopempha cha kuwonongeka sichimangokhala chopempha wamba chopanda chikole nthawi zonse.
Maphwando achitatu
Kampani yaikulu, wotsimikizira, wobwereketsa mnzake wogwirizana komanso wodziyimira pawokha, chitsimikizo cha banki kapena kampani ya inshuwaransi ya ngongole imayimira kunja kwa bankirapuse, kuyimitsidwa kwa malipiro kapena njira ya WHOA. Potsutsana ndi magulu amenewo, mutha kungoyambitsa mlandu kapena kupitiriza kutsutsana, mosasamala kanthu za zomwe zingachitike ndi mlandu waukulu motsutsana ndi mnzanu.
Udindo wa otsogolera
Udindo wa otsogolera si zotsatira za bankirapuse kapena ngongole yomwe sinalipidwe. Wobwereketsa payekha sangaimbe mlandu wotsogolera chifukwa kampani yasokonekera. Chofunikira ndikuchitapo kanthu kolakwika ndi wotsogolera kwa wobwereketsayo, ndi kutsimikizira kokwanira kwa muyezo woyenera (gawo 6:162 la Dutch Civil Code). Izi zitha kukhala choncho, mwachitsanzo, pamene wotsogolera adalowa m'maudindo akudziwa kapena kudziwa kuti kampaniyo singathe kuchita zomwezo ndipo sangapereke njira ina iliyonse, kapena pomwe adalepheretsa kulipira kudzera mu malipiro osankhidwa.
Siyanitsani izi ndi zomwe akunena za kasamalidwe kosayenera (gawo 2:248 la Dutch Civil Code). Gawoli limakhudza udindo wa katundu ndipo silipereka wobwereketsa payekha pempho; kuti pempho la katundu ndi la trustee yekha, komanso zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kulephera kulipira ngongole. Kuphatikiza pa izi komanso popanda kudalira, inu monga wobwereketsa payekha mutha kubweretsa pempho lanu ngati mlandu, bola ngati mungathe kutsimikizira muyezo wosiyana wa ngongoleyo. Kunja kwa kulephera kulipira ngongole, zomwe zanenedwa mu gawo 3:45 la Dutch Civil Code zilipo kwa inu.
Kusungunuka popanda katundu, turboliquidatie ya ku Dutch
Ngati mnzanu wasowa popanda bankirapuse kudzera mu kuthetsedwa popanda katundu (gawo 2:19(4) la Dutch Civil Code), maudindo ena akhala akugwira ntchito kuyambira pa 15 Novembala 2023 motsatira Temporary Act on Transparency in Turbo Liquidation. Mkati mwa masiku khumi ndi anayi kuchokera pamene kuthetsedwa, bungwe loyang'anira liyenera kupereka chikalata chomaliza cha ndalama ndi kufotokozera chifukwa cha kusowa kwa katundu ku register yamalonda, kenako liyenera kudziwitsa obwereketsa omwe sanalipidwe mwa kulemba mosazengereza kuti zikalatazo zaperekedwa (gawo 2:19b la Dutch Civil Code).
Ngati bungweli lalephera kutero, monga wobwereketsa, mutha kupempha woweruza wa khothi la cantonal kuti akupatseni chilolezo choyang'ana mabuku ndi zolemba za bungwe lovomerezeka lomwe lathetsedwa (gawo 2:24(4) la Dutch Civil Code). Kusatsatira malamulo kungayambitsenso kuti wotsogolera malamulo aboma achotsedwe (gawo 2:19c la Dutch Civil Code). Ngati zikalata zofunika zikusowa, kapena ngati katundu alipo, mutha kupemphabe kuti bankirapuse kapena kupempha kuti kuthetsedwa kwa bizinesi kutsegulidwenso (gawo 2:23c la Dutch Civil Code).
Ndondomekoyi ndi yakanthawi kochepa. Yakulitsidwa ndi lamulo lachifumu ndipo, monga momwe zilili pano, idzatha pa 15 Novembala 2027, ndipo ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa kapena kusinthidwa ndi ndondomeko yokhazikika.
Zochitika zodutsa malire
Ngati mnzanu ali ndi katundu kapena omwe ali ndi ngongole m'maiko ena a EU, ngati milandu yokhudza kulephera kulipira ngongole inatsegulidwa kudziko lina, kapena ngati funso litabuka, khoti liti lomwe lili ndi ulamuliro ndi lamulo liti lomwe likugwira ntchito, dongosolo lina likugwira ntchito. Mu European Union, Lamulo la Kulephera kulipira ngongole, Lamulo (EU) 2015/848, ndilofunika kwambiri. Lili ndi malamulo okhudza, pakati pa zinthu zina, kuzindikira milandu yokhudza kulephera kulipira ngongole kuchokera kumayiko ena, malo omwe milandu yayikulu ingatsegulidwe komanso kuyanjana ndi milandu ina iliyonse yachiwiri. Malamulo osiyana amagwira ntchito pa ufulu wachitetezo wodutsa malire ndi kukakamiza zigamulo kudutsa malire.
Malamulo omwe amagwira ntchito pazochitika zanu amadalira komwe mnzanu wakhazikitsa komanso komwe katundu ndi omwe akubwereketsa ali. Zimenezo sizingachokere ku chiwongola dzanja chonse ndipo zimafuna kuyesedwa kosiyana.
Maboma atatuwa ali pamodzi
| Mbali | bankirapuse | Kuyimitsidwa kwa malipiro | Ndondomeko ya WHOA |
|---|---|---|---|
| Milandu yanu yomwe ikuyembekezera | Ndayima chifukwa cha pempho la malipiro (s. 29 Fw); pitirizani pa milandu ina, ndi mwayi woitana woyang'anira (ss. 27 ndi 28 Fw) | Mwachidule, pitirizani; pempho lokhalo lovomerezeka la malipiro likhoza kuchedwetsedwa (s. 231 Fw) | Mwachidule, pitirizani, pokhapokha ngati khoti litalamula nthawi yoziziritsa (s. 376 Fw) |
| Kubwezeretsa ndi kukakamiza | Yakhalapo; kudikira kutha kwa malamulo ndipo zomangira zatha (s. 33 Fw) | Kubwezeretsa kwatsekedwa chifukwa cha zopempha zosatetezedwa; kukakamiza kwakhalapo, zomangira zatha (s. 230 Fw) | Kubwezeretsa ndalama kokha ndi chilolezo cha khoti panthawi yoziziritsa (s. 376 Fw) |
| Kutsimikiza kwa zomwe mukufuna | Kutsimikizira ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, kubweza ndalama (s. 122 Fw), bola ngati pali katundu wokwanira; apo ayi kutseka kosavuta popanda kutsimikizira (s. 137a Fw) | Palibe chigamulo chomaliza; kungovomereza voti pa nkhani yolembedwa (s. 267 Fw) | Palibe chitsimikizo; kuwunika kudzera mu kapangidwe ka kalasi, chidziwitso ndi voti pa dongosolo |
| Ufulu wachitetezo ndi odzipatula | Malonjezo ndi ngongole za nyumba zimakakamiza kutsimikizira kwakunja (s. 57 Fw); zoletsedwa panthawi yoziziritsa (s. 63a Fw) | Sizikhudzidwa kwambiri, pokhapokha ngati khoti litalamula nthawi yoziziritsa (s. 241a Fw) | Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungachepe panthawi yoziziritsa (s. 376 Fw) |
| Zotsatira zotheka | Kugawa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa malo, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa | Kupanga, kutha kwa kuyimitsidwa, kapena kusintha kukhala bankirapuse ndi dongosolo la bankirapuse lomwe likuyambiranso | Kutsimikizira, kumangirira kalasi yanu, kapena kukana dongosololi |
Ndondomeko yogwirira ntchito: sabata yoyamba pambuyo pa chisankho
Mukangomva za kusakwanitsa kulipira ngongole, lembani izi; zimakupulumutsani nthawi yoti mupange zisankho pambuyo pake.
Tsiku ndi mtundu wa chisankho, monga bankirapuse, kuyimitsa malipiro kapena njira ya WHOA, yokhala ndi nambala ya mlandu kapena njira.
Chidziwitso ndi tsatanetsatane wa matrasti, woyang'anira kapena katswiri wokonzanso zinthu.
Mtundu ndi udindo wa pempho lanu: lopanda chikole, losakondera kapena loti mulipire chuma.
Nthawi zomwe zikupitilira, zonse ziwiri pamilandu yanu komanso pamilandu yokhudza kusalipira ndalama, kotero nthawi yopereka, nthawi zotsutsa komanso nthawi yomvera umboni.
Zomangira ndi njira zotsatirira malamulo zilipo, ndi momwe zilili pambuyo pa chisankhocho.
Ufulu wachitetezo, zitsimikizo ndi omwe muli ndi ngongole nawo omwe mungadalire.
Kuthekera kolipira ngongole yomwe inuyo muli nayo kwa mnzanu.
Ndalama zomwe zimayembekezeredwa kuti zipitirire, mwachitsanzo njira yochotsera msonkho kapena kukana kutsimikizira.
Mtengo woyembekezeredwa wa kugawa kapena dongosolo, ngati n'kotheka mutafunsa ndi trustee kapena woyang'anira.
Kenako perekani pempho lanu kwa woyang'anira kapena woyang'anira nthawi yomweyo komanso mokwanira, pamodzi ndi mgwirizano, ma invoice, makalata ndi zikalata za mlandu. Fotokozani ufulu wachitetezo, kuthekera kobwezera ndalama ndi zopempha motsutsana ndi anthu ena katundu asanathe. Ndipo pokhapokha musankhe ngati kupitiriza kutsutsa mlandu kuli koyenera.
Zolakwika zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri
Kuganiza kuti mndandanda wa milandu ukudzisamalira wokha. Kuyimitsa kapena kuchotsa mlanduwo sikungochitika zokha. Mutha kupempha, koma osati popanda kuunikanso: kungachepetse ndalama, komanso kungakhudze udindo wanu wopereka umboni, nthawi yochepetsera kapena nthawi yolandirira, kapena kukambirana za zofuna zanu.
Kuyamba kubweza katundu popanda kufunsa za malo. Popanda katundu wokwanira palibe msonkhano wotsimikizira ndipo motero palibe chisankho pa zabwino zake, pamene mukulipirabe ndalamazo.
Kudalira chigamulo chakale. Ufulu wa mwini nyumba usanaperekedwe ku bankirapuse supereka chilichonse chotsutsana ndi chuma; zomangirazo zimatha ndipo kukakamiza kumatha.
Kusokoneza kuvomereza voti ndi kutsimikiza kwa zomwe zanenedwa. Mukayimitsa malipiro, zomwe zanenedwazo sizimatsimikizika.
Kuyimitsa malipiro popanda chifukwa chomveka bwino. Kuyimitsa kulipira sikochitika zokha ndipo kuyenera kuyesedwa motsatira malamulo.
Kuganiza kuti director adzakhala ndi mlandu. Kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino paokha sikupangitsa kuti director akhale ndi mlandu, ndipo pempho la kasamalidwe kosayenera ndi la trustee, osati lanu.
Kudikira mpaka nthawi yochepa isanafike nthawi yotsimikizira mlandu. Kutsutsa dongosolo la WHOA kumafuna kukonzekera ndipo kuyenera kutsatiridwa motsatira ndondomeko ya malamulo.
Kungoyang'ana m'mbuyo kokha. Ngati n'kotheka, gwirani ntchito pasadakhale ndi kusunga umwini, chitsimikizo cha gulu, ufulu wachitetezo ndi inshuwaransi ya ngongole, ndipo kumbukirani kuti gawo la insolvency siligwira ntchito yokha mu ndondomeko ya WHOA. Yang'anirani omwe ali ndi ngongole zanu kudzera mu kaundula wamalonda ndi kaundula wa insolvency; masiku oyamba pambuyo pa chisankho nthawi zambiri amakhala ofunikira.
MAFUNSO OFUNSIDWA KAWIRIKAWIRI
Kodi ndingathebe kutsutsa kampani yomwe yasweka?
Osati pa zopempha zomwe zimalemetsa chuma: zomwe sizikuloledwa ndi lamulo (gawo 26 Fw). Mumapereka chopempha chanu kwa trustee. Kuletsa kumeneko sikukugwira ntchito pa zopempha zomwe sizikufuna kulipira kuchokera ku chuma, monga chigamulo cholengeza kapena kubweza katundu wanu.
Kodi chigamulo chochokera ku bankirapuse chikadali chothandiza?
Osati motsutsana mwachindunji ndi chuma: nthawi yoyembekezera kukakamiza ndi zomangira zimatha (gawo 33 Fw). Chigamulocho chimakhala chothandizabe mu njira yotsimikizira komanso motsutsana ndi anthu ena, monga wotsimikizira kapena wobwereketsa wogwirizana.
Kodi pempho langa latsimikizika pomaliza poyimitsa malipiro?
Ayi. Kuyimitsa malipiro sikuli ndi njira yotsimikizira ndi kubweza ndalama. Mumangololedwa, pambuyo powunikidwa ndi woweruza woyang'anira kapena khothi, ku voti pa chilichonse chomwe chilipo (gawo 267 Fw).
Kodi ndili ndi udindo pa dongosolo la WHOA lotsimikizika ngati ndavota motsutsana nalo?
Inde, ngati pempho lanu lili m'gulu lomwe likukhudzidwa ndi dongosololi ndipo dongosololi latsimikizika. Choncho fufuzani pasadakhale ngati, komanso momwe, pempho lanu laphatikizidwa mu dongosololi.
Kodi ndingayambe ulendo ngati inenso ndili ndi ngongole ya ndalama?
Mwina, ngati zonse zomwe zanenedwazo ndi ngongoleyo zidachitika lamulo la bankirapuse lisanachitike kapena chifukwa cha zochita zakale ndi chipani chobankirapuse (gawo 53 Fw) ndipo palibe kusamutsa ndalama mwachinyengo (gawo 54 Fw). Izi ziyenera kuyesedwa mlandu uliwonse.
Maloya a insolvency mu Eindhoven ndi Amsterdam
Law & More amathandiza obwereketsa pamene mnzawo walephera kulipira, akupempha kuti ayimitse kulipira kapena ayambitsa njira ya WHOA. M'masiku oyamba pambuyo pa chisankho, timayang'ana njira yomwe ikugwira ntchito, zomwe zikutanthauza pazochitika zanu zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa komanso njira zomwe zili zotseguka pamodzi ndi malo: kubweza ngongole, ufulu wachitetezo, zopempha motsutsana ndi anthu ena, ndipo ngati n'kotheka, udindo wa owongolera. Maloya athu amagwira ntchito kuyambira Eindhoven ndi Amsterdam ndipo thandizani makasitomala ku Netherlands konse. Musazengereze kulankhulana nafe kuti mudziwe kaye za udindo wanu.
magwero
Lamulo la Dutch Bankruptcy Act (Faillissementswet): magawo 25 mpaka 30, 33, 36, 37, 53, 54, 57, 63a, 110, 122, 137a, 230 mpaka 233, 241a, 257, 259, 266, 267, 369 ndi zina zotero ndi 376.
Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek): zigawo 2:19(4), 2:19b, 2:19c, 2:23c, 2:24(4), 2:248, 3:45, 6:162 ndi 7:39 ndi zina.
Lamulo la kanthawi kochepa pa Transparency in Turbo Liquidation, lomwe lakhala likugwira ntchito kuyambira pa 15 Novembala 2023, lakulitsidwa ndi lamulo lachifumu mpaka 15 Novembala 2027.
Lamulo (EU) 2015/848 pa milandu yokhudza kulephera kulipira ngongole.
Kuwunika komaliza kwa mfundo: 18 Ogasiti 2026. Nkhaniyi ikukhudza milandu yomwe ikuchitika m'makhothi a anthu aku Netherlands motsutsana ndi bungwe lina lomwe linakhazikitsidwa ku Netherlands ndipo imapereka chidziwitso chambiri, osati upangiri wazamalamulo pa nkhani inayake. Malamulo ndi milandu zimasintha nthawi ndi nthawi; pomwe pali gawo lodutsa malire, dongosolo losiyana limagwira ntchito.
