Lamulo la katundu wanzeru ku Netherlands: ufulu womwe muli nawo

Lamulo la Dutch la chuma chanzeru limakupatsani ufulu wapadera pazinthu zomwe mwapanga, mitundu, mapangidwe ndi ntchito zolenga, kotero kuti ena sangathe kuzigwiritsa ntchito popanda chilolezo chanu. Ufulu wina, monga ufulu wa kukopera ndi dzina la malonda, umabwera wokha, koma ma patent, zizindikiro ndi mapangidwe zimakutetezani pokhapokha mutalembetsa.

Dziko la Netherlands limagwiritsa ntchito malamulo osiyanasiyana a dziko, Benelux ndi EU. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, onani buku lathu lotsogolera malamulo okhudza katundu wanzeru ku Netherlands.

N’chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuteteza chuma chanu cha nzeru?

Chifukwa popanda ufulu, nthawi zambiri simungaletse mpikisano kuti akope malonda anu, dzina lanu kapena mawonekedwe anu. Ufulu wolembetsedwa umakupatsani maziko omveka bwino alamulo kuti muchitepo kanthu, ndipo zimapangitsa kuti kampani yanu ikhale yosavuta kuiona kuti ndi yofunika komanso kuilipira.

Ogulitsa ndalama ndi ogwira nawo ntchito nthawi zambiri amafufuza ngati kampani ili ndi ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito dzina lake, ukadaulo wake, ndi mapulogalamu ake asanavomereze. Ngati umwini wake sudziwika bwino, mwachitsanzo chifukwa choti munthu wodziyimira pawokha ndiye analemba malamulo, zimenezo zingachedwetse kapena kuletsa mgwirizano.

Ndi ufulu uti wa umwini wa nzeru womwe ulipo ku Netherlands?

Ufulu waukulu ndi ma patent, zizindikiro zamalonda, mapangidwe, ufulu wa olemba ndi mayina amalonda. Chilichonse chimateteza china chake chosiyana, ndipo chinthu chimodzi chingatetezedwe ndi maufulu angapo nthawi imodzi.

Ma Patent a zinthu zatsopano zaukadaulo

Patent imateteza luso lamakono lomwe ndi latsopano, limaphatikizapo njira yatsopano komanso limagwira ntchito m'mafakitale. Dutch Patents Act 1995 (Rijksoctrooiwet 1995) imayang'anira ma patent aku Dutch, omwe amatha zaka 20 kuyambira tsiku lopereka chikalata.

Mumapempha chilolezo cha patent cha ku Netherlands ku Netherlands Patent Office (Octrooicentrum Nederland), yomwe ndi gawo la Netherlands Enterprise Agency (RVO). Patent ya ku Dutch imaperekedwa popanda kufufuza ngati chipangizochi ndi chatsopano komanso chopangidwa; lipoti lofufuzira limapangidwa, koma patent imaperekedwa mosasamala kanthu za zotsatira zake. Chifukwa chake, kutsimikizika kwake kumatha kutsutsidwa kukhothi. Kuti mutetezedwe m'maiko angapo, mutha kulembetsa pempho la patent ya ku Europe ku European Patent Office. Kuyambira pa 1 Juni 2023, mutha kupemphanso patent ya ku Europe yokhala ndi mphamvu imodzi, yomwe imayikidwa ku Khoti Logwirizana la Patent.

Patent imakupatsani ufulu wokhawo wopangira, kugwiritsa ntchito, kugulitsa ndi kutumiza zinthu zopangidwazo. Muthanso kuzipatsa chilolezo kwa ena posinthana ndi ndalama zogulira. Sungani chinsinsi cha zinthu zopangidwazo mpaka mutapereka chikalata, chifukwa kuzifalitsa koyamba kungawononge zatsopano zake.

Zizindikiro za kampani yanu

Chizindikiro cha malonda chimateteza chikwangwani chomwe chimasiyanitsa katundu kapena ntchito zanu ndi za ena, monga dzina, logo, mawu ofotokozera, mtundu kapena mawonekedwe. Ku Netherlands, zizindikiro za malonda zimalembetsedwa ku Benelux yonse ndi Ofesi ya Benelux ya Katundu Wanzeru (BOIP), motsatira Mgwirizano wa Benelux pa Katundu Wanzeru (BVIE).

Chizindikiro cha Benelux chimakhala zaka khumi kuyambira tsiku lolembetsa ndipo chikhoza kukonzedwanso kwa zaka zina khumi popanda malire. Chizindikirocho chiyenera kukhala chosiyana ndipo sichiyenera kusokoneza ufulu wakale. Kuti mutetezedwe ku EU yonse, mutha kulembetsa chizindikiro cha malonda cha EU ndi European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO). Yang'anani zolembetsa zomwe zilipo musanasankhe dzina, chifukwa chizindikiro choyambirira chotsutsana chingakulimbikitseni kusintha dzina.

Mapangidwe a mawonekedwe a chinthu

Ufulu wopanga umateteza mawonekedwe a chinthu, monga mawonekedwe ake, kapangidwe kake, mitundu yake kapena zokongoletsera zake. Kapangidwe kake kayenera kukhala katsopano komanso ka mawonekedwe ake, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kamapereka chithunzi chosiyana ndi mapangidwe omwe alipo kale.

Kapangidwe ka Benelux kolembetsedwa ndi BOIP kamatetezedwa kwa zaka zisanu ndipo kakhoza kukonzedwanso mpaka zaka 25. Kapangidwe ka EU kolembetsedwa ndi EUIPO kali ndi nthawi yofanana. Kapangidwe ka EU kosalembetsedwa kamakutetezani kwa zaka zitatu kuyambira nthawi yomwe kapangidwe kameneka kaperekedwa kwa anthu onse ku EU, koma kokha kuti kasakopedwe.

Ufulu wa ntchito zolenga

Ufulu wa olemba umateteza ntchito zoyambirira zamabuku, zasayansi ndi zaluso , monga zolemba, mapulogalamu, zithunzi, nyimbo, mafilimu ndi mapangidwe a zomangamanga. Zimangochitika zokha ntchito ikapangidwa; palibe kulembetsa ku Netherlands.

Malinga ndi lamulo la Dutch Copyright Act (Auteurswet), chitetezo nthawi zambiri chimakhalapo mpaka zaka 70 kuchokera pamene wolembayo anamwalira. Copyright imakupatsani ulamuliro pa kufalitsa ndi kubwerezanso, kuphatikizapo kusintha. Popeza palibe kaundula, muyenera kusunga umboni wa nthawi ndi amene ntchitoyo inapangidwa, monga mafayilo amasiku ndi mbiri ya mabaibulo. BOIP imapereka ndalama zosungiramo ndalama, i-DEPOT, zomwe zingathandize kutsimikizira kuti munali ndi ntchito kapena lingaliro pa tsiku linalake, koma sizipanga ufulu.

Mayina amalonda

Dzina lamalonda ( handelsnaam ) ndi dzina lomwe mumayendetsa bizinesi yanu. Malinga ndi lamulo la mayina amalonda (Handelsnaamwet), ufuluwu umachokera pakugwiritsa ntchito dzinalo, osati kulembetsa ndi Chamber of Commerce (KvK).

Kulembetsa ndi KvK ndikofunikira pa bizinesi yanu, koma sikuti kokha kumakupatsani dzina lamalonda kapena kutsimikizira ngati wina akugwiritsa ntchito kale dzinalo. Dzina lamalonda ndi chizindikiro cha malonda ndi zosiyana: ngati mukufunanso kuteteza dzinalo ngati chizindikiro cha malonda anu, lilembetseni ngati chizindikiro cha malonda.

Ndani ali ndi ufulu: inu, wantchito wanu kapena freelancer wanu?

Pa ntchito yopangidwa ndi antchito pantchito yawo, olemba ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala mwiniwake. Pa ntchito yopangidwa ndi ogwira ntchito pawokha kapena mabungwe, wopangayo amasunga ufuluwo pokhapokha ngati waperekedwa m'malemba.

Malinga ndi Nkhani 7 ya Copyright Act, olemba ntchito amaonedwa kuti ndiye wolemba ntchito zomwe wantchito amapanga panthawi ya ntchito zawo, pokhapokha ngati maguluwo avomerezana mosiyana. Malinga ndi Nkhani 12 ya Patents Act, chinthu chatsopano chopangidwa ndi wantchito yemwe ntchito yake ikuphatikizapo kupanga zinthu ndi ya owalemba ntchito; wantchitoyo akhoza kukhala ndi ufulu wolandira malipiro oyenera nthawi zina. Munthu wodziyimira pawokha, wopanga mapulogalamu kapena bungwe lopanga zinthu si wantchito. Copyright imaperekedwa kwa inu kudzera mu chikalata cholembedwa chosinthira. Yang'anani mapangano anu musanapeze ndalama kapena kugulitsa bizinesiyo.

Kodi mumateteza bwanji chuma chanu chanzeru?

Yambani mwa kupeza ufulu womwe ukugwira ntchito pa gawo lililonse la malonda anu kapena bizinesi yanu, kenako lembani ufulu womwe ukufunika kulembetsa musanapite kumsika. Nthawi ndi yofunika: choyamba kupereka nthawi zambiri chimakhala chofunikira kwambiri.

Ganizirani zomwe zimafunika chitetezo

Yang'anani chinthu chilichonse padera. Chinthucho chingayenerere kukhala ndi patent chifukwa cha ntchito yake yaukadaulo komanso kapangidwe koyenera mawonekedwe ake. Dzina la kampani yanu likufunika chitetezo cha chizindikiro cha malonda, pomwe khodi yanu ya pulogalamu imatetezedwa ndi ufulu wa olemba.

Mukhoza kuphatikiza maufulu angapo a chinthu chimodzi pamene zimenezo zikumveka bwino. Sungani zolemba ndi masiku, zojambula, zitsanzo ndi zolemba za chitukuko, kuti muwonetse nthawi ndi amene chinthu chinapangidwa. Chidziwitso chamtengo wapatali chamalonda chomwe simungathe kapena simukufuna kupereka patent chingatetezedwe ngati chinsinsi chamalonda motsatira Trade Secrets Act (Wet bescherming bedrijfsgeheimen), bola mutatenga njira zoyenera kuti chikhale chachinsinsi, monga zigawo zachinsinsi ndi mwayi wochepa wopeza.

Lembetsani ndi akuluakulu oyenera

Zizindikiro ndi mapangidwe a Benelux adalembetsedwa ndi BOIP, yomwe imaperekanso i-DEPOT. Ma patent aku Dutch amaperekedwa ku Netherlands Patent Office, ndipo ma patent aku Europe amaperekedwa ku European Patent Office.

Mafomu ofunsira amapangidwa pa intaneti ndipo ayenera kufotokoza zomwe mukunena, ndi zojambula kapena zithunzi ngati pakufunika. Kulembetsa chizindikiro cha malonda kumatha kumalizidwa mkati mwa miyezi ingapo ngati palibe amene akutsutsa, pomwe njira zopezera patent zimatenga nthawi yayitali. Lembetsani chizindikiro chanu cha malonda musanagule ndalama zambiri pakutsatsa, ndipo lembani fomu yofunsira patent musanapereke chipangizocho kwa anthu akunja.

Kodi mumatsatira bwanji ufulu wanu?

Kawirikawiri ndi kalata yoletsa ndi kuletsa kaye, ndipo ngati sizigwira ntchito, ndi milandu yomaliza ( kort geding ) kapena milandu yokhudza umboni kukhothi. Mikangano yambiri imathetsedwa pambuyo pa kalatayo, koma pokhapokha ngati ikuthandizidwa ndi ufulu womwe ulipo mungathe kutsimikizira.

Kuzindikira ndi kuletsa kuphwanya malamulo

Yang'anirani msika, misika ya pa intaneti ndi zolembetsa za malonda kuti muwone zizindikiro, zinthu kapena mapangidwe omwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi anu. Zolembetsa za BOIP ndi EUIPO ndi za anthu onse, ndipo mautumiki owonera angakuchenjezeni za mapulogalamu atsopano omwe amasemphana ndi chizindikiro chanu cha malonda.

Mukapeza cholakwika, chilembeni ndi zithunzi zakale, zogula zoyeserera ndi ma invoice. Kenako tumizani kalata yofotokoza ufulu wanu, cholakwikacho ndi zomwe mukufuna, monga kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito, kuwononga katundu ndikusaina bizinesi yokhala ndi chilango cha pangano. Pokana pempho latsopano la chizindikiro chotsutsana, mutha kutsutsa ndi BOIP mkati mwa miyezi iwiri kuchokera pamene lafalitsidwa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zachangu komanso zotsika mtengo kuposa milandu ya khothi.

Kodi khoti lingalamule chiyani?

Khothi likhoza kulamula wophwanya malamulo kuti asiye, ndipo likhoza kupereka ndalama zolipirira kapena kulamula wophwanya malamulo kuti apereke phindu lomwe lapezeka chifukwa cha kuphwanya malamuloko. Likhozanso kulamula kuti katundu wophwanya malamulo abwezedwe ndi kuwonongedwa.

Pa milandu yofulumira, milandu yokhudza milandu ingachititse kuti pakhale lamulo mkati mwa milungu ingapo. Khothi Lalikulu la The Hague lili ndi ulamuliro wokhawokha pa milandu ya patent komanso pamilandu yokhudza zizindikiro zamalonda za EU ndi mapangidwe a EU, ndipo Khothi Loona za Apilo la The Hague limamva apilo. Pamilandu ya IP, munthu wotayika nthawi zambiri ayenera kulipira ndalama zoyenera komanso zoyenerera za munthu wopambana (Nkhani 1019h ya Dutch Code of Civil Procedure). Zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti mlandu wofooka ukhale wokwera mtengo, komanso mlandu wamphamvu ukhale wogwira mtima kwambiri. Werengani zambiri zokhudza kuthana ndi mikangano ya chuma chanzeru . Kuthetsa mkangano kapena kuweruza milandu kungapereke njira ina yachangu komanso yachinsinsi ngati mbali zonse ziwiri zili zofunitsitsa.

Kodi muyenera kutsimikizira chiyani ngati muli ndi ufulu?

• Ndi zinthu ziti za malonda anu zomwe zimafunikira patent, chizindikiro cha malonda, kapangidwe kapena ufulu waumwini, komanso ndi ufulu uti womwe uyenera kulembetsedwa kaye.
• Kuti ogwira ntchito pawokha ndi mabungwe apereka ufulu wawo kwa inu mwa kulemba chikalata cholembedwa.
• Kaya pulogalamu yatsopano yotsutsana yasindikizidwa, kotero mutha kutsutsa mkati mwa miyezi iwiri.
• Kuti mwalemba kale umboni wa kuphwanya malamulo musanatumize kalata yoletsa ndi kusiya.

Kodi muyenera kuyang'ana chiyani ngati mukuimbidwa mlandu wophwanya malamulo?

• Kaya ufulu womwe ukufunidwawo ndi wovomerezeka, wolembetsedwa pa katundu kapena dera loyenera ndipo ukadali kugwira ntchito.
• Kaya kugwiritsa ntchito kwanu kuli kunja kwa ufulu umenewo, kapena kuti kunayamba kale.
• Tsiku lomaliza lomwe lili m'kalatayo, komanso ngati ntchito ndi chilango chomwe chikukupemphani kuti musayine zikugwirizana.
• Kupezeka kwanu ku chiweruzo cha ndalama zonse motsatira Nkhani 1019h ya Malamulo a Milandu ya Anthu ngati mlanduwo upita kukhoti.

Kodi tingakuchitireni chiyani ndi chuma cha nzeru?

athu maloya aluntha upangiri kwa makampani pa kuteteza, kupereka zilolezo ndi kukakamiza chuma chawo chanzeru.

• Timalemba mndandanda wa ufulu womwe umateteza malonda anu, mtundu ndi mapulogalamu anu, ndipo timawalembetsa ku BOIP kapena EUIPO.
• Timafufuza mapangano a ntchito, odziyimira pawokha komanso mabungwe kuti tidziwe ngati ufulu wa anthu wasamutsidwa tisanayambe kugulitsa kapena kugulitsa.
• Tikupereka chikalata chotsutsa ndi BOIP mkati mwa miyezi iwiri.
• Timalemba kapena kuyankha kalata yosiya ntchito ndikukambirana za ntchitoyi.
• Timachita zochitika mwachidule kapena zochitika pamilandu, kuphatikizapo ku Khoti Lalikulu la The Hague.

Chidule

• Ufulu wa ufulu wa olemba ndi mayina amalonda umabwera wokha; ma patent, zizindikiro zamalonda ndi mapangidwe amafunika kulembetsa.
• Zizindikiro za Benelux zimatha zaka khumi ndipo zimatha kukonzedwanso kwamuyaya; Ma patent aku Dutch amatha zaka 20; mapangidwe olembetsedwa amatha zaka 25.
• Ntchito ya antchito nthawi zambiri imakhala ya olemba ntchito, koma ufulu wopangidwa ndi anthu ogwira ntchito pawokha umafunika kusamutsidwa kolembedwa.
• Lembetsani musanayambe kapena kufalitsa, ndipo sungani umboni wakale wa zomwe mwapanga.
• Konzani ndi kalata kaye; khothi likhoza kulamula kuti pakhale chiletso, ndalama zolipirira komanso ndalama zolipirira zomwe ziyenera kulipidwa.