Chilamulo cha Milandu
Chitetezo cha Malamulo a Upandu ku Netherlands
Ufulu wanu ukakhala pachiwopsezo — timakumenyerani nkhondo.
mwachidule
Kukumana ndi milandu yaupandu ndi chimodzi mwa mavuto akuluakulu omwe munthu angakumane nawo. Kuyambira nthawi yomwe wamangidwa kapena kulandira chikalata choitanira ku khoti, njira imayamba yomwe ingakhudze ufulu wanu, mbiri yanu ndi tsogolo lanu. Milandu yaupandu imakhala ndi malamulo okhwima, nthawi yomaliza, ndi ufulu - zomwe zimagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati mukuzidziwa ndi kuzipempha nthawi yake.
At Law & More, gulu lathu lodzipereka loteteza milandu limakhala nanu pa gawo lililonse la milandu: kuyambira kuyankhulana koyamba ndi apolisi ndi kumangidwa kwa anthu asanazengedwe mlandu mpaka kumvetsera mlandu kukhothi lachigawo ndi khothi la apilo, ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira, kutsutsidwa ku Khothi Lalikulu (Hoge Raad). Timateteza anthu ndi makampani (mabungwe ovomerezeka) ndi owongolera awo pamilandu yosiyanasiyana, kuyambira milandu ya katundu ndi chinyengo mpaka milandu ya pa intaneti ndi kusamba ndalama.
Timathandizanso ozunzidwa ndi upandu — kuyambira kulemba lipoti ndi kufufuza kwa apolisi mpaka kumvetsera milandu yaupandu — ndikuchitapo kanthu mu ndondomeko ya Article 12. Ndi maofesi mu Eindhoven ndi Amsterdam komanso kupezeka kwa anthu ogwira ntchito maola 24 pa sabata pa nkhani zadzidzidzi, maloya athu amaphatikiza chidziwitso chakuya cha malamulo amilandu aku Dutch ndi njira yanzeru, yoganizira makasitomala yomwe cholinga chake ndi kukwaniritsa zotsatira zabwino kwambiri pa mlandu wanu.
Mukufuna Malangizo a Katswiri?
Akatswiri athu a zamalamulo ndi okonzeka kukuthandizani. Pezani malangizo a zamalamulo omwe ali ndi dzina lanu lero.
Kuyenda Mwamsanga
Zatsopano Zatsopano
Nkhani za Malamulo a Zaupandu
Taganizirani zochitika ziwiri. Choyamba, munthu akuthawa akuba, apolisi akuthawa
Kamphindi kamodzi kopanda chidwi. Mukuyang'ana foni yanu, mukuyendetsa galimoto kudutsa mu nyali yofiira ndipo
Kuchita ziwonetsero ndi ufulu wofunikira - koma si ufulu wololedwa. Werengani zomwe mungathe
Zimene Timachita
Kuyimira chitetezo cha milandu
Apolisi akufunsa thandizo
Chithandizo cha kafukufuku asanayambe mlandu
Kuyimira milandu ya khothi
Chitetezo cha milandu ya azungu
Milandu ya pamsewu ndi kuyendetsa galimoto movutikira
Zolakwa zokhudzana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo
Apilo ndi kuchepetsa zilango
Kuchotsedwa kwa zolemba zaupandu
Kuyimira ozunzidwa
Upandu wa pa intaneti ndi milandu ya digito
Kuchotsa ndalama ndi kulanda ndalama zomwe zapezeka chifukwa cha upandu
Kukana malamulo a chilango cha OM (strafbeschikking)
Chifukwa Chosankha Law & More
Maloya odziwa bwino ntchito yoteteza milandu
Kupezeka kwa anthu omangidwa maola 24 pa tsiku, masiku 7 pa sabata
Utumiki wa zilankhulo zambiri
Njira yodzitetezera mwanzeru
Kulankhulana moonekera
Kuyimira dziko lonse la Netherlands
Chidziwitso pa milandu yovuta yachinyengo ndi upandu wachuma
Ukadaulo wophatikizana wa malamulo a milandu ndi amakampani pamilandu yokhudzana ndi bizinesi
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri - Malamulo a Zaupandu
Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa kawirikawiri okhudza malamulo okhudza milandu, amayankhidwa ndi akatswiri athu.
Khalani chete ndipo gwiritsani ntchito ufulu wanu wokhala chete: simukukakamizidwa kuyankha mafunso. Muli ndi ufulu wokhala ndi loya, kuphatikizapo musanayambe kuyankhulana ndi apolisi komanso panthawi ya kuyankhulana. Musanene chilichonse popanda kufunsa loya kaye. Chiganizo choyamba chosakonzedwa bwino chingakupwetekeni pambuyo pake. Lumikizanani ndi loya woteteza milandu mwachangu momwe mungathere.
Inde. Wokayikira aliyense ali ndi ufulu wothandizidwa ndi loya asanayambe komanso panthawi yofunsidwa mafunso. Pa milandu yayikulu komanso kwa omwe akukayikiridwa omwe amangidwa, loya nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa. Ndi bwino nthawi zonse kugwiritsa ntchito ufuluwu, chifukwa loya amaonetsetsa kuti kuyankhulana kwachitika molondola ndipo amakulangizani ngati mungapereke chiganizo kapena ayi.
Milandu ikuluikulu (misdrijven), monga kuba, kuukira, kapena chinyengo, ndi milandu ikuluikulu kwambiri ndipo ingayambitse zilango zazikulu. Milandu ing'onoing'ono (overtredingen) ndi milandu yopepuka, monga milandu yambiri ya pamsewu. Kusiyanaku n'kofunika, pakati pa zinthu zina, chilango, khoti loyenerera, nthawi yochepetsera milandu, ndi zolemba pa chikalata cha milandu.
Pamsonkhanowo, woweruza milandu amakambirana za milandu ndi fayilo, wokayikirayo ndi mboni zilizonse amamvedwa, ndipo woimira boma amapereka nkhani yomaliza yokhala ndi pempho lopereka chigamulo. Kenako woteteza amakhala ndi ufulu wovomereza ndipo wokayikirayo amakhala ndi mawu omaliza. Woweruzayo ndiye amapereka chigamulo, nthawi zina nthawi yomweyo, nthawi zambiri patatha milungu iwiri.
Ndi chilango chokhazikika, (gawo la) chilangocho sichikakamizidwa, bola ngati wolakwayo atsatira zomwe zili mu nthawi yoyesedwa, monga kusachita mlandu wina. Ngati zomwe zili mu chilangocho zaphwanyidwa, chilangocho chikhoza kukakamizidwabe. Chifukwa chake, chilango chokhazikika chimagwira ntchito ngati choletsa.
Inde, motsutsana ndi chigamulo cha khothi lachigawo, apilo nthawi zambiri imatha kuperekedwa mkati mwa masiku khumi ndi anayi ku khothi la apilo, lomwe limaganiziranso mlanduwo. Potsutsana ndi chigamulo cha khothi la apilo, nthawi zina apilo yopita ku Khothi Lalikulu imapezeka, yomwe imayang'ananso ngati lamuloli linagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera. Kupereka umboni panthawi yake ndi kutsimikizira bwino ndikofunikira.
TBS (terbeschikkingstelling) ndi njira yomwe khothi lingayikire kwa okayikira omwe ali ndi vuto la maganizo omwe achita mlandu waukulu ndipo ngati pali chiopsezo chobwerezabwereza. Munthuyo amalandira chithandizo kuti achepetse chiopsezocho. TBS si chilango koma njira yotetezera ndi chithandizo, yomwe imawunikidwanso nthawi ndi nthawi ndikukulitsidwa.
Zigamulo zopezeka m'milandu zimalembedwa m'makalata a milandu ('mbiri yaupandu'). Kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe deta imasungidwa kumadalira kuopsa kwa mlanduwo ndi chilango chomwe chaperekedwa. Mbiri yaupandu ingakhudze, pakati pa zinthu zina, Satifiketi ya Khalidwe Labwino (VOG) motero ntchito. Tikulangizani za zotsatira ndi zomwe zingatheke pa vuto lanu.
VOG ndi mawu oti palibe zotsutsa munthu pa cholinga china chake, nthawi zambiri ntchito. Mu kuwunikaku, deta yoyenera ya milandu imayesedwa mogwirizana ndi cholinga chimenecho. VOG ikhoza kukanidwa ngati pali zinthu zoyenera komanso zoyenera. Kutsutsa ndi apilo zilipo pokana kukana, komwe tingakuthandizeni.
Wozunzidwayo ali ndi ufulu wosiyanasiyana, monga ufulu wodziwa zambiri, ufulu wolankhula pamsonkhano, komanso mwayi wopempha chipukuta misozi ngati munthu wovulala mkati mwa milandu yaupandu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimathandiza kuti kuwonongeka komwe kwachitika kubwezeretsedwe popanda milandu yosiyana. Timathandiza okayikira komanso ozunzidwa pamilandu yaupandu.
ZSM ndi njira yofulumira yomwe Public Prosecution Service imagwiritsa ntchito pa milandu yofala, nthawi zambiri imalola kuti isankhe mlandu pasanathe maola ambiri kuchokera pamene munthu wamangidwa ndikupereka chilango chokha kudzera mu lamulo la chilango. Ngakhale mutachita izi mwachangu, ndi bwino kufunafuna upangiri wa zamalamulo, chifukwa kulandira chilango kungakhale ndi zotsatirapo zomwe simungayembekezere.
Ngati mlandu wanu utha popanda kuweruzidwa kuti ndi wolakwa, mwachitsanzo mwa kuchotsedwa ntchito kapena kumasulidwa, mutha kupempha khothi kuti likulipireni ndalama chifukwa cha nthawi yomwe mwakhala mukusungidwa kapena mukusungidwa musanaweruzidwe komanso ndalama zomwe loya wanu amawononga. Nthawi yokhwima imagwira ntchito, choncho ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu.
Kuchotsedwa ntchito kumatanthauza kuti Unduna wa Zachipongwe umasankha kusapereka mlandu. Kuchotsedwa ntchito mwaukadaulo kumachitika ngati palibe umboni wokwanira, pomwe kuchotsedwa ntchito mwalamulo kumadalira pazifukwa zina, nthawi zina kutengera zomwe zili mumalamulo. Kuchotsedwa ntchito kungalembetsedwe ndipo kungakhudze pempho la mtsogolo la Satifiketi ya Makhalidwe Abwino.
Munthu wokayikira ali ndi ufulu wokhala chete komanso kulandira thandizo la zamalamulo, pomwe mboni kwenikweni imayenera kunena zoona. Mzerewu ukhoza kusokonekera: munthu amene wafunsidwa ngati mboni yemwe pang'onopang'ono amakhala wokayikira amapeza ufulu wogwirizana nawo. Ndi bwino kupempha upangiri pasadakhale za udindo wanu.
Kuchotsa lipoti sikuletsa mlandu nthawi yomweyo. Pa milandu ikuluikulu, Unduna wa Zamilandu umasankha wokha ngati ukufuna kutsutsa mlandu, ngakhale popanda mgwirizano ndi wozunzidwayo. Pankhani zazing'ono, lipoti lochotsedwa lingakhale ndi gawo pa chisankho chochotsa mlandu.
Malamulo Ofunika Kwambiri Pamilandu
Mawu ofunikira ofotokozedwa m'chinenero chosavuta
Openbaar Ministerie (Public Prosecution Service)
Bungwe la boma lomwe limatsutsa milandu yaupandu. Limasankha ngati lipereke mlandu, kupereka malonda, kapena kuchotsa ntchito. Limadziyimira palokha popanda apolisi ndi makhothi.
Zwijgrecht (Ufulu Wokhala Chete)
Ufulu wofunikira wosayankha mafunso panthawi yofunsa mafunso kapena mlandu. Sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito motsutsana nanu. Kupatulapo: ziyenera kupereka chizindikiritso.
Transaction (Transaction/Settlement)
Kukambirana kunja kwa khoti kulipira chindapusa/kukwaniritsa zofunikira kuti apewe kuzengedwa mlandu, nthawi zambiri kupewa mbiri yaupandu.
Voorlopige Hechtenis (Kutsekeredwa koyambirira kwa mlandu)
Kumangidwa musanaweruzidwe mlandu pa milandu ikuluikulu ngati pakufunika kuletsa kuthawa, kuteteza anthu, kusunga umboni, kapena kupewa milandu yobwerezabwereza.
Strafblad (Mbiri ya Upandu)
Zolemba zovomerezeka za milandu yonse yaupandu. Zolemba zimatha pambuyo pa nthawi yoikika (zaka 2-30 kutengera chilango). Kulowa kudzera mu dongosolo la VOG.
Taakstraf (Utumiki wa Anthu Onse)
Chilango china chogwira ntchito m'dera lomwe simulipira (maola osapitirira 480). Nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizidwa ndi chilango choyimitsidwa m'ndende.
Kulipira (Kulipira)
Kufotokozera za mlandu umene woganiziridwayo akuimbidwa mlandu, monga momwe zalembedwera m'kalata yoitanira anthu kukhoti. Mlanduwu umafotokoza malire omwe khoti limawerengera mlanduwo.
Ofesi van Justitie (Woimira boma pa milandu)
Woyimira Boma la Public Prosecution Service amene amafufuza ndi kutsutsa mlanduwu pa mlanduwo, akhoza kuyitanitsa mboni, ndi kupanga pempho lopereka chigamulo mu nkhani yomaliza.
Requisitoir (Kulankhula Komaliza)
Nkhani ya wozenga mlandu pa mlanduwo pomwe akukambirana za umboni ndikupempha chilango kapena muyeso wotsutsana ndi wokayikirayo.
Pleidooi (Pepani)
Nkhani ya woteteza pa mlanduwo, pomwe loya akupereka maganizo a wokayikirayo, akutsutsa umboniwo, ndipo akuyimira chigamulocho.
Voorwaardelijke Straf (Chiganizo Choyimitsidwa)
Chilango chomwe sichikugwiritsidwa ntchito bola ngati munthu wopezeka ndi mlanduyo akutsatira zomwe zakhazikitsidwa panthawi yoyesedwa. Ngati ataphwanya lamulo, chilangocho chikhoza kutsatiridwabe.
Proeftijd (Nthawi ya Kuyesedwa)
Nthawi imene munthu amene wapatsidwa chilango choyimitsidwa ayenera kutsatira malamulo enaake, ngati chilangocho chaperekedwa.
Hoger Beroep (Apilo)
Njira yovomerezeka ndi malamulo yomwe munthu wopezeka ndi mlandu kapena woimira boma amaperekera chigamulo ku khothi la apilo kuti liwunikenso, lomwe limamveranso mlandu waupandu.
Cassatie (Kassati)
Njira yothetsera vutoli ku Khoti Lalikulu, lomwe silikuwunikanso mfundo zake koma limayang'ananso ngati lamuloli linagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera komanso ngati njirayo inatsatiridwa molondola.
TBS (Terbeschikkingstelling)
Njira yothandizira ndi chitetezo kwa okayikiridwa omwe ali ndi vuto la maganizo omwe achita mlandu waukulu ndipo ali pachiwopsezo chobwerezabwereza. TBS si chilango ndipo imawunikidwanso nthawi ndi nthawi.
VOG (Satifiketi ya Makhalidwe Abwino)
Chikalata chakuti palibe choletsa munthu pa cholinga china chake, monga ntchito, kutengera zomwe zanenedwa kale pankhani ya milandu zokhudzana ndi cholinga chimenecho.
Sepot (Kuchotsedwa)
Chisankho cha Public Prosecution Service chosatsutsa mlandu, kaya chifukwa cha umboni wosakwanira (kuchotsedwa ntchito mwaukadaulo) kapena pazifukwa zandale, nthawi zina malinga ndi mikhalidwe. Kuchotsedwa ntchito kungalembetsedwe ndikukhudza Satifiketi Yotsatira ya Makhalidwe Abwino.
Kuitanitsa (Kuyitanitsa)
Chikalata chovomerezeka choitana wokayikira kuti akaonekere kukhoti la milandu. Chili ndi mlandu: kufotokozera kolondola kwa mlandu womwe akunenedwa, kuphatikizapo nthawi, malo ndi malamulo.
Reclassering (Probation Service)
Bungwe lomwe limalangiza khothi pa milandu yokayikiridwa ndi zilango zomwe zingachitike komanso kuyang'anira kutsatira malamulo apadera, monga ntchito yopereka malipoti kapena chithandizo. Nthawi zambiri limachita gawo pa zilango zoyimitsidwa ndi ntchito zothandiza anthu ammudzi.
Inverzekeringstelling (Police Custody)
Njira yomwe wozenga mlandu wa boma angalamulire kuti wokayikiridwa womangidwa akhalebe ku polisi atafunsidwa mafunso, kwa masiku atatu ngakhale atawonjezera nthawi. Loya akhoza kutsutsa izi pamaso pa woweruza milandu.
Voeging Benadeelde Partij (Kulowa Monga Gulu Lovulala)
Mwayi woti wozunzidwayo alowe nawo mu mlandu waupandu ndikupereka chiwongola dzanja cha chipukuta misozi motsutsana ndi wokayikiridwayo. Khothi la milandu likhoza kupereka chiwongola dzanja chonse kapena pang'ono pamodzi ndi chigamulocho.
Kodi muli ndi mafunso okhudza malamulo okhudza milandu?
Zokumana nazo Oweruza ndi okonzeka kukuthandizani. Konzani nthawi yokambirana za vuto lanu.
