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Woyimira Mphamvu
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Maloya athu ndi akatswiri pa malamulo aku Dutch
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Ukatswiri wa Malamulo a Mphamvu
Woyimira Mphamvu
Gawo la mphamvu likusintha kwambiri m'zaka zana zapitazi. Kusintha kuchoka ku mafuta opangidwa ndi zinthu zakale kupita ku mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa sikuti ndi vuto laukadaulo ndi malonda okha - makamaka ndi vuto la zamalamulo ndi malamulo. Kuyambira kulola mapaki a dzuwa ndi minda ya mphepo kupita ku Mapangano Ogula Mphamvu, mikangano yopezera ma gridi, zomangamanga za haidrojeni, ndi kayendetsedwe ka mphamvu m'magulu, gawo lililonse la kusintha kwa mphamvu limaphatikizapo mafunso ovuta azamalamulo.
Dziko la Netherlands lakhazikitsa zolinga zomangirira nyengo motsatira lamulo la nyengo (Klimaatwet): kuchepetsa mpweya wa CO₂ ndi 55% pofika chaka cha 2030 komanso kusalowerera kwathunthu pa nyengo pofika chaka cha 2050. Zolinga izi zikuyambitsa malamulo atsopano, malamulo, ndi zisankho za boma zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji opanga mphamvu, ogula, ogwiritsa ntchito gridi, opanga mapulogalamu, ndi osunga ndalama. Nthawi yomweyo, kusakhazikika kwa msika wamagetsi - komwe kunakulitsidwa ndi vuto la mphamvu la 2022-2023 - kwawonetsa makampani pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mapangano okhudza mitengo, kutumiza, ndi mphamvu zopanda pake.
Law & MoreMaloya a mphamvu amalangiza makasitomala awo pa unyolo wonse wamtengo wapatali wa mphamvu: kuyambira opanga mapulojekiti a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso ndi ogwiritsa ntchito gridi mpaka ogula mphamvu zamafakitale, magulu amagetsi, ndi osunga ndalama pakusintha kwa mphamvu.
Ntchito zathu za malamulo a mphamvu zikuphatikizapo:
- Kukonza pulojekiti ya mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa: mphamvu ya dzuwa, mphepo, ndi mphepo ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja
- Chilolezo ndi malamulo chilengedwe (omgevingsvergunningen, RCR ndondomeko)
- Mapangano Ogulira Mphamvu (PPAs) ndi mapangano ogulitsa mphamvu
- Kufikira pa gridi, kuchulukana kwa gridi, ndi malamulo a netiweki
- Kusungira mphamvu: makina a batri ndi madzi opompedwa
- Hydrogen: kupanga, mayendedwe, ndi malamulo
- Lamulo lopereka kutentha (Wet collectieve warmtevoorziening)
- Madera amphamvu ndi mapulojekiti amagetsi ogwirizana
- Kugulitsa mpweya woipa ndi kutsatira malamulo a EU ETS
- Maudindo ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu moyenera (EED, mapangano a ESCO)
- Lamulo lothandizira: Malamulo a SDE++, SCE, ndi ODE
- Mapangano opereka mphamvu kwa ogula ambiri
- Mikangano ndi owongolera (ACM, RVO) ndi ogwira ntchito pa gridi
- Kulanda ndi ufulu wa malo pa zomangamanga zamagetsi
Katswiri wathu mu mphamvu zamagetsi
Mphamvu ya dzuwa
Timayang'ana kwambiri malamulo amagetsi omwe amayang'ana kwambiri mphamvu ya mphepo ndi dzuwa.
Chilengedwe
Malamulo onse a ku Dutch ndi ku Ulaya amagwira ntchito ku malamulo a zachilengedwe. Tiloleni tikudziwitseni ndikulangizani.
Ufulu wa kutuluka / malonda
Kodi mukuyang'ana katswiri pa zamalonda azitulutsa? Ndife okondwa kukuthandizani patsogolo!
Wopanga mphamvu
Maloya athu akampani amatha kuwunika mapangano ndikupereka upangiri pa iwo.
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Mphamvu Zongowonjezedwanso & Kukonza Mapulojekiti
Kupanga pulojekiti ya mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso ku Netherlands kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito njira zovuta zopezera zilolezo, ufulu wa malo, njira zolumikizira gridi, zopempha zothandizira, ndi mapangano. Kaya mukupanga kukhazikitsa kwa solar padenga, malo oimikapo solar pansi, famu ya mphepo ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kapena kuyika ndalama mu mphepo ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja, njira yamalamulo ndi yovuta - ndipo zolakwika zimadula.
Law & More imatsogolera opanga mapulojekiti, osunga ndalama, ndi eni malo kudzera mu gawo lililonse la pulojekiti ya mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso.
Mphamvu ya dzuwa (zone-PV):
- Mapangano obwereketsa malo ndi mapangano obwereketsa padenga (huurovereenkomsten voor daken)
- Zilolezo zachilengedwe (omgevingsvergunning) ndi kusintha kwa mapulani a malo (bestemmingsplanwijziging)
- Mafomu opempha thandizo la SDE++ ndi mapangano a ndalama zothandizira
- Mapangano olumikizira ma gridi ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ma network (Liander, Enexis, Stedin, TenneT)
- Kugulitsa ndi kusamutsa mapulojekiti ogwirira ntchito a dzuwa
- Mikangano yokhudza kukana chilolezo kapena zotsutsa zapafupi
Mphamvu ya mphepo ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja:
- Njira Zogwirizanitsa Malamulo (Rijkscoördinatieregeling, RCR) zamafamu akuluakulu amphepo
- Zofunikira pa kutenga nawo mbali ndi maudindo a phindu la anthu ammudzi
- Malo osungiramo zinthu (erfdienstbaarheden) ndi malo olowera maziko ndi zingwe za turbine
- Phokoso, kuzizira kwa mthunzi, ndi malamulo oletsa radar
- Kuchotsa ntchito ndi udindo wokonzanso malo
- Njira zolumikizirana ndi anthu oyandikana nawo komanso zotsutsa
Mphamvu ya mphepo ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja:
- Njira za Kavelbesluit ndi zopempha za chilolezo cha mphepo ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja
- Zilolezo zofikira pa chingwe ndi zomangamanga zapamadzi
- Mapangano a EPC ndi O&M a mapulojekiti akunja
- Mapangano ogwirizana ndi mgwirizano wa mapangano a mphepo zakunja
- Kuyanjana ndi TenneT pakulumikiza gridi yakunja kwa dziko
Nkhani Za Makasitomala
Zimene Otsatsa Athu Amanena
Maloya athu a Energy ali okonzeka kukuthandizani:
- Kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi loya
- Mizere yayifupi ndi mapangano omveka bwino
- Lilipo pamafunso anu onse
- Zosiyana motsitsimula. Yang'anani pa kasitomala
- Fast, kothandiza ndi zotsatira zochokera
Kuchulukana kwa Gridi ndi Kulumikizana kwa Gridi
Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti ndondomeko ya tsogolo la mphamvu ndi nyengo ikutsatiridwa, dziko la Netherlands latsiriza mgwirizano wa mphamvu ya kukula kwachitukuko. Cholinga cha mgwirizanowu ndikuti dziko la Netherlands ligwiritse ntchito mphamvu zokhazikika ndi 2050. Pangano la Mphamvu lili ndi zolinga zosiyanasiyana kwa makampani omwe amawafuna kuti apulumutse mphamvu. Kuonjezera apo, boma la Dutch lachita mapangano a nthawi yayitali ndi magulu ambiri kuti aziyang'anira kusintha kwa mphamvu zamagetsi. Makampani omwe ali mbali ya mapanganowa adzakhala ndi maubwino angapo: adzapindula ndi kupulumutsa ndalama, zopanga zambiri zamachitidwe ndi chithunzi chokhazikika.
Koma palinso maudindo angapo okhudzana ndi mapangano azaka zambiri. Mapanganowa ndi ovuta ndipo malamulo ambiri amapangidwa. Kodi kampani yanu imakhudzidwanso ndi malamulo atsopanowa? Thandizo loyenera lazamalamulo ndilofunika, kuti mudziwe komwe mukuyima. Chonde lemberani Law & More ndipo tidzakhala okondwa kukuthandizani.
Mapangano a mphamvu, mapangano ogula magetsi, ndi makonzedwe operekera magetsi amalamulidwa ndi lamulo la maudindo mu Buku 6 la Dutch Civil Code. Kuti mudziwe kumasulira kovomerezeka kwa Chingerezi, onani Khodi Yachikhalidwe ya ku Dutch, Buku 6 (maudindo ndi mapangano)Katswiri wa zamalamulo okhudza mphamvu amaphatikiza malamulo awa ndi malamulo a gawo kuti ateteze mapulojekiti anu.
Kuchulukana kwa magetsi (netcongestie) kwakhala vuto lalikulu kwambiri pazamalamulo pamsika wamagetsi ku Netherlands. Mbali zazikulu za magetsi ku Netherlands zadzaza - zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kulumikizana kwatsopano kumachedwa ndi zaka, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito omwe alipo akukumana ndi kuchepa kwa kupanga kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zoopsa zazikulu pazamalamulo kwa opanga magetsi, ogula ambiri, ndi opanga mapulojekiti.
Law & More amalangiza makasitomala awo za ufulu wawo walamulo ndi njira zomwe angasankhe pothana ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa ma gridi ndi mikangano yolumikizirana.
Timalangiza pa:
- Ufulu wovomerezeka wolumikizana ndi gridi pansi pa Elektronitsitset ndi Energiewet yatsopano
- Kuletsa nthawi yodikira yosayenera kapena kukana kwa wogwiritsa ntchito netiweki
- Mapangano okhudza kasamalidwe ka kuchulukana kwa anthu ndi njira zochepetsera kufalikira kwa matenda
- Malonda a ufulu wa anthu ogwira ntchito komanso makonzedwe a kuthekera kwa anthu oyenda
- Maudindo alamulo a ogwira ntchito pa netiweki (TenneT, Liander, Enexis, Stedin) motsatira malamulo awo a laisensi.
- Kuchaja mwanzeru, kuyankha pakufunika, ndi mapangano osinthasintha ngati njira zothetsera kudzaza
- Mikangano ndi ACM (Ulamuliro wa Ogula ndi Misika) pa zisankho zolumikizirana
- Kusungira mabatire ndi makina amagetsi am'deralo ngati njira zothetsera mavuto okhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa magetsi
- Mbali zalamulo za malamulo a Net op zee (grid yakunja kwa nyanja)
- Ndondomeko pamaso pa ACM ndi apilo kukhothi pa mikangano yokhudzana ndi gridi
Mapangano Ogulira Mphamvu ndi Mapangano a Mphamvu
Pangano Logula Mphamvu (PPA) ndi mgwirizano wa nthawi yayitali pakati pa wopanga mphamvu ndi wogula (wosagwiritsa ntchito) wogula magetsi pamtengo wokhazikika kapena wokhazikika. Ma PPA akhala njira yayikulu yopezera ndalama zamapulojekiti atsopano a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso ku Netherlands - makamaka ma PPA amakampani (CPPAs) pakati pa opanga mapulogalamu ndi ogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zazikulu zamafakitale kapena zamalonda.
Nthawi yomweyo, vuto la mphamvu la 2022-2023 lawonetsa zoopsa zazikulu zachuma zomwe zili m'mapangano a mphamvu - kuyambira pazigawo zowunikira mitengo ndi malamulo a force majeure mpaka njira zowerengera ndalama ndi zofunikira zothandizira ngongole.
Timalemba, kuwunikanso, ndikukambirana:
- Ma PPA a Makampani (ma PPA akuthupi komanso apakompyuta/azachuma)
- Mapangano a nthawi yayitali operekera magetsi ndi gasi kwa ogula ambiri
- Mapangano a nthawi yochepa a malonda a mphamvu (magawo a EFET)
- Mapangano olinganiza ndi osalinganiza
- Mapangano opereka kutentha ndi mapangano ogwirizana a kutentha
- Mapangano opereka mpweya wa biogas ndi biomass
- Mapangano olowetsa mpweya woipa ndi ogwira ntchito pa netiweki ya gasi
- Zitsimikizo za Chiyambi (GOs) ndi REGOs: mapangano ogulira ndi kugulitsa
- Mapangano a Energy as a Service (EaaS)
- Mapangano a ntchito yoyankha kufunikira ndi kusinthasintha
- Malamulo okhudza mphamvu zazikulu ndi kusintha kwa mitengo m'mapangano a mphamvu
- Ufulu wochotsa ntchito ndi njira zotulutsira ntchito msanga
Zonyamulira mphamvu za haidrojeni ndi zatsopano
Hydrogen imaonedwa kwambiri ngati maziko a kusintha kwa mphamvu - makamaka m'magawo omwe ndi ovuta kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi, monga chitsulo, mankhwala, ndi mayendedwe olemera. Dziko la Netherlands, lomwe lili ndi zomangamanga za gasi komanso malo olowera ku Rotterdam ndi Amsterdam, ikudziika yokha ngati malo ofunikira kwambiri a haidrojeni ku Ulaya.
Ndondomeko yalamulo ya haidrojeni ikupita patsogolo mofulumira. EU Hydrogen and Decarbonised Gas Market Package ndi Dutch Waterstofwet (Hydrogen Act) zikukonzanso malamulo opangira, kunyamula, ndi kusungira haidrojeni.
Timalangiza opanga mapulojekiti a haidrojeni, amalonda, ndi ogwiritsa ntchito mafakitale pa:
- Mkhalidwe wolamulira wa haidrojeni motsatira malamulo osintha a Energiewet ndi msika wa gasi wa EU
- Kulola kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi ndi malo opangira hydrogen wobiriwira
- Kukonzanso zomangamanga za gasi wachilengedwe kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito poyendetsa haidrojeni
- Zilolezo zosungira haidrojeni (kuphatikizapo kusungira pansi pa nthaka m'mapanga amchere)
- Mapangano ochotsa ndi kupereka hydrogen
- Kusakaniza kwa haidrojeni mu netiweki ya gasi lachilengedwe: malamulo ndi malire
- Zida zothandizira za haidrojeni: SDE++ (electrolysis), IPCEI Hydrogen, ndi Horizon Europe
- Mapangano otumiza kunja ndi mbali zalamulo za unyolo wapadziko lonse lapansi wopereka hydrogen (ammonia, LOHC)
- Kutenga ndi Kusunga Kaboni (CCS) ndi hydrogen wabuluu: dongosolo lolamulira
- Mbali zalamulo za satifiketi ya haidrojeni ndi zitsimikizo za chiyambi cha haidrojeni
Kutentha kwa Chigawo
Ma network otenthetsera m'madera (warmtenetten) amatenga gawo lofunika kwambiri pakusintha kwa kutentha ku Netherlands - makamaka m'mizinda. Malamulo okhudza kupereka kutentha asinthidwa kwambiri ndi Wet collectiveeve warmtevoorziening (Wcw), yomwe idayamba kugwira ntchito mu 2023 ndipo ilowa m'malo mwa Warmtewet yakale kuyambira 2014.
Wcw ikubweretsa malamulo atsopano ofunikira kwa ogulitsa kutentha, ogula, ndi mizinda — kuphatikizapo lamulo la umwini wa anthu onse pa maukonde atsopano otentha, njira yatsopano yolipirira, komanso chitetezo champhamvu cha ogula.
Timalangiza pa:
- Udindo ndi ufulu pansi pa Wet collectieve warmtevoorziening (Wcw)
- Mapangano opereka kutentha: kulemba, kuwunikanso, ndikutsatira malamulo apamwamba kwambiri a msonkho
- Chofunikira pa umwini wa anthu onse pa maukonde atsopano otentha: kukonza mapangano ovomerezeka
- Ndondomeko ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kutentha kwa boma
- Mphamvu ya kutentha kwa dziko (aardwarmte): zilolezo zobowola, udindo, ndi mapangano operekera zinthu
- Kusungirako Mphamvu Yotentha ya Madzi a m'madzi (ATES/WKO): chilolezo ndi ntchito
- Mapangano a kutentha kotsalira ndi ogulitsa mafakitale
- Kugwirizana kwa kutentha kwa biomass ndi kutaya mphamvu
- Kulumikiza ndi kupereka maudindo kwa ogwira ntchito pa intaneti yotenthetsera
- Mikangano ya ogula pankhani ya mitengo ya kutentha, mtundu, ndi kusokonekera kwa zinthu
- Kusintha kuchoka pa maukonde a gasi kupita ku kutentha: ufulu ndi maudindo a anthu okhala m'derali
Magulu a Mphamvu ndi Mabungwe Ogwirizana ndi Mphamvu
Magulu amagetsi ndi mapulojekiti amagetsi ogwirizana akukula mofulumira ku Netherlands, motsogozedwa ndi mfundo za EU pansi pa phukusi la Clean Energy for All Europeans - makamaka Renewable Energy Directive (RED III) ndi Internal Electricity Market Directive (IEM), zomwe zimapatsa nzika ndi madera am'deralo ufulu wopanga, kugawana, ndikugulitsa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso pamodzi.
Ku Netherlands, malamulo okhudza magulu amagetsi akupitilirabe kukula, koma Energiewet (lamulo latsopano la Mphamvu, lomwe limalowa m'malo mwa Elektriciteitswet ndi Gaswet) lidzavomereza mwalamulo ndikulamulira magulu amagetsi komanso kugawana mphamvu pakati pa anzawo.
Timalangiza anthu ogwira ntchito zamagetsi ndi opanga mapulogalamu ogwirizana pa:
- Mapangidwe azamalamulo a magulu amphamvu: coöperatie, VvE, BV, kapena stichting?
- Malamulo oyesera (kugawa) ndi kusintha kwa njira zatsopano zogawana
- Ndondomeko yothandizira ya Postcoderoos (postal code rose) (SCE): kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kutsatira malamulo
- Mapangano a mamembala: ufulu, maudindo, ndi malamulo otuluka
- Kugawana ma gridi ndi mapangano ogawana mphamvu m'deralo
- Ma PPA pakati pa gulu la mphamvu ndi mamembala ake
- Kusunga batri ndi kusinthasintha mkati mwa anthu ammudzi
- Kuyanjana ndi woyendetsa gridi yakomweko ndi malamulo a ACM
- Mapulojekiti a mphepo ammudzi ndi maudindo otenga nawo mbali motsatira lamulo la Klimaatakkoord (50% ya umwini wa anthu am'deralo)
- Mikangano ya ulamuliro m'magulu amagetsi
Malonda a Utsi ndi EU ETS
Dongosolo Logulitsa Mpweya wa EU (EU ETS) ndiye msika waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi wa carbon komanso chigawo chachikulu cha mfundo za nyengo ku Europe. Kuyambira mu 2024 kupita mtsogolo, ETS yalowa mu gawo lokhwima kwambiri pansi pa phukusi la EU la Fit for 55: kugawa kwaulere kwa zilolezo kukuchotsedwa, malire pa mpweya wonse woipa akuchepetsedwa mwachangu, ndipo gawo la ETS likukulitsidwa ku magawo atsopano kuphatikiza kutumiza panyanja ndipo — kuyambira 2027 — zoyendera pamsewu ndi nyumba (ETS2).
Nthawi yomweyo, EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) ikuyambitsa mitengo ya kaboni pa katundu wogwiritsa ntchito kaboni wambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malamulo atsopano akhazikitsidwe kwa ogulitsa ochokera ku Europe.
Timalangiza makampani pa:
- Maudindo pansi pa EU ETS: kuyang'anira, kupereka malipoti, ndi kutsimikizira (MRV)
- Kugawa kwaulere ndalama zotulutsira mpweya woipa ndi Ndondomeko Yogawa Dziko Lonse
- Kugula ndi kusiya EUAs (EU Allowances) pamsika wa carbon
- Udindo wa CBAM kwa otumiza zitsulo, simenti, aluminiyamu, feteleza, ndi haidrojeni
- Misika yodzifunira ya kaboni ndi mapangano ochepetsa kaboni (Gold Standard, VCS)
- Zitsimikizo za Chiyambi cha Magetsi Ongowonjezedwanso: Kupereka, Kugulitsa, ndi Kutsatira Malamulo
- Kusamvana ndi NEa (Nederlandse Emissieautoriteit) ndi njira zokadandaula
- Kuwerengera ndalama za kaboni mu lipoti lokhazikika la makampani (CSRD, ESRS)
- Kupanga mapangano ogulira zinthu zokhudzana ndi mpweya ndi mapangano opita patsogolo
Udindo wa Mphamvu ndi ESCO
Lamulo la EU Energy Efficiency Directive (EED), lomwe lakhazikitsidwa ku Netherlands kudzera mu Energiebesparingsverplichting ndi Activateitenbesluit milieubeheer, limakakamiza makampani ambiri kuti achite njira zochepetsera ndalama zogulira mphamvu. Kuyambira mu 2023, maudindowa alimbikitsidwa kwambiri: makampani omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zoposa 50,000 kWh pachaka kapena 25,000 m³ ya gasi ayeneranso kupereka lipoti la miyeso yawo pa digito kudzera mu eLoket ya RVO (Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Netherlands).
Kupereka Mphamvu Pantchito (EPC) kudzera mu Energy Service Company (ESCO) ndi njira imodzi yothandiza kwambiri yopezera ndalama ndikukhazikitsa njira zowongolera mphamvu moyenera. Komabe, mapangano a ESCO ndi ovuta — ndi zitsimikizo za magwiridwe antchito, maudindo oyesera ndi kutsimikizira (M&V), komanso kugawa zoopsa kukhala nkhani zazikulu zamalamulo.
Timalangiza pa:
- Kutsatira udindo wosunga mphamvu pansi pa Activiteitenbesluit milieubeheer
- Njira zodziwika zopulumutsira mphamvu (erkende maatregelen) ndi mapangano a MJA3/MEE
- Kukakamiza kwa akuluakulu azachilengedwe am'deralo (Omgevingsdienst) ndi udindo wa NVWA
- Kulemba ndikuwunikanso mapangano a ESCO ndi Energy Performance Contracts (EPCs)
- Ma protocol a muyeso ndi kutsimikizira (M&V) ndi kapangidwe ka chitsimikizo cha magwiridwe antchito
- Kupereka ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu moyenera: Ngongole za EIB, Invest-NL, ndi njira zothandizira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera
- Kuwunika kwakukulu kwa mphamvu: maudindo alamulo ndi zofunikira pa malipoti
- Mapangano a lendi yobiriwira: maudindo ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu moyenera m'mapangano a lendi yamalonda
Zilolezo & Malamulo a Zachilengedwe ndi Kukonzekera
Ntchito iliyonse yamagetsi — kuyambira padenga laling'ono loyika mphamvu ya dzuwa mpaka famu yayikulu yamphepo ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja — imafuna chilolezo chimodzi kapena zingapo. Dongosolo la zilolezo la ku Netherlands lasinthidwa kwambiri ndi Wet ruimtelijke ordening (Wro) ndi Omgevingswet, zomwe zinayamba kugwira ntchito pa 1 Januwale 2024 ndipo zikuphatikiza malamulo 26 ndi malamulo opitilira 100 osiyana kukhala chimango chimodzi. Kumvetsetsa malo atsopano a zilolezo ndikofunikira kwa wopanga mphamvu aliyense.
Timalangiza opanga magetsi ndi eni mapulojekiti pa:
- Omgevingsvergunning kwa makhazikitsidwe mphamvu pansi Omgevingswet latsopano
- Zosintha zamapulani (omgevingsplan wijzigingen) zama projekiti zamagetsi
- Rijkscoördinatieregeling (RCR) ya zomangamanga zazikulu zamagetsi (>100 MW)
- Kuwunika momwe zinthu zingakhudzire chilengedwe (MER ndi mer-beoordeling) pa ntchito zamagetsi
- Kuyanjana ndi madera a Natura 2000: vuto la nayitrogeni (stikstof) ndi mapulojekiti a mphamvu
- Kudandaula motsutsana ndi kukana chilolezo: ndondomeko pamaso pa rechtbank ndi Raad van State
- Kulanda katundu (onteigening) ndi maufulu a chingwe/mapaipi a njira (gedoogplicht)
- Zofunikira pakutenga nawo mbali kwa anthu onse pakukonzekera ntchito zamagetsi
- Zilolezo za zomangamanga za gridi: TenneT ndi ogwira ntchito zama netiweki m'chigawo
- Zomangamanga zamagetsi zodutsa malire: Mapulojekiti a European of Common Interest (PCIs)
Opereka Mphamvu & Ogwiritsa Ntchito Grid
Ogulitsa mphamvu ndi ogwira ntchito pa netiweki amagwira ntchito motsatira malamulo ambiri omwe amaperekedwa ndi ACM (Autoriteit Consument en Markt), NEa, RVO, ndi oyang'anira aku Europe. Energiewet yatsopano — yomwe idzalowa m'malo mwa Elektriciteitswet 1998 ndi Gaswet — ikuyimira kusintha kwakukulu kwa malamulo amsika wamagetsi aku Netherlands m'zaka makumi ambiri.
Kwa ogulitsa magetsi, tikukulangizani pa izi:
- Zofunikira pa chilolezo chopereka magetsi ndi gasi kwa ogula ang'onoang'ono (ACM-vergunning)
- Malamulo oteteza ogula: ufulu wosintha, zofunikira pakulipira, ndi maudindo ofooka
- Malamulo a Smart mita ndi malamulo ogawana deta pansi pa Meetcode Elektriciteit
- Kukhazikitsa mgwirizano ndi kusalinganika: maudindo alamulo ndi mapangano a BRP
- Maudindo pansi pa Warmtewet ndi Wcw kwa ogulitsa kutentha
- Mapangano okhazikika okhudzana ndi kupereka mphamvu ndi malamulo ndi zikhalidwe zonse zokhudzana ndi kupereka mphamvu
Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ma netiweki (ma DSO ndi ma TSO), tikulangizani pa izi:
- Maudindo owongolera pansi pa Elektriciteitswet, Gaswet, ndi Energiewet
- Malamulo osasankhana ndi anthu ena komanso oti munthu wina alowe nawo
- Mapangano olumikizirana ndi mayendedwe
- Malamulo a msonkho ndi zisankho za msonkho wa ACM
- Mapulani okonza gridi (Investeringsplan) ndi maudindo alamulo
- Kusamalira udindo pa kuzima kwa netiweki ndi kusokonezeka kwa magetsi
Mikangano ya Mphamvu ndi Milandu
Mikangano ya mphamvu imabuka pakati pa magulu osiyanasiyana — opanga mapulogalamu ndi eni malo, ogulitsa magetsi ndi ogula, ogwirizana nawo pa ntchito, ndi makampani omwe akukangana ndi oyang'anira kapena ogwiritsa ntchito gridi. Law & More amakambira milandu ya mphamvu m'makhoti a boma aku Dutch, makhoti oyang'anira (Raad van State), komanso m'makhoti oweruza milandu.
Timayimilira makasitomala mu:
- Mikangano ndi ogwira ntchito pa gridi yamagetsi pa nkhani yokana kulumikizana, kuchepetsa kuchulukana kwa magetsi, kapena mitengo yamagetsi
- Apilo yotsutsa kukanidwa kwa zilolezo ndi maboma, madera, kapena boma la dziko lonse
- Mikangano ya mapangano: Mapangano a PPA, mapangano opereka mphamvu, mapangano a EPC, ndi mapangano a ndalama zothandizira
- Mikangano pakati pa ogwirizana nawo pa polojekiti m'mabizinesi ogwirizana kapena m'magulu
- Zodandaula motsutsana ndi makontrakitala ang'onoang'ono ndi makontrakitala a EPC mu ntchito zomanga mphamvu
- Ndondomeko zoyendetsera ntchito za ACM ndi apilo
- Zisankho za NEa pa kutsata malamulo a ETS ndi maudindo a CBAM
- Mikangano yokhudza kulandidwa kwa katundu ndi kulipira malo
- Mikangano yobweza ndalama zothandizira ndi RVO (SDE++, SCE, ISDE)
- Malamulo oletsa zadzidzidzi (kort geding) pamikangano yamagetsi
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Loya wa zamalamulo okhudza mphamvu amalangiza ndi kuweruza milandu pa malo opangira mphamvu, kugawa, ndi malamulo. Timathandiza ndi zilolezo zamapaki a dzuwa ndi ma turbine amphepo, mapangano a mphamvu, kulumikizana ndi gridi, ndalama zothandizira (SDE++, nkhani za malo pamapulojekiti a mphamvu, mikangano ndi ogwira ntchito pa gridi, komanso kutsatira malamulo a mphamvu ndi nyengo. Timalangizanso za ma PPA (Mapangano Ogulira Mphamvu), magulu a mphamvu, ndi maudindo okhazikika a mabizinesi.
Timagwiritsa ntchito mtengo wowonekera wa €350 pa ola limodzi osaphatikiza VAT. Mitengo imasiyana kwambiri pa nkhani iliyonse.
Osachepera chilolezo choteteza chilengedwe (kale: chilolezo chomanga ndi chilolezo choteteza chilengedwe) ndipo nthawi zambiri chilolezo choteteza chilengedwe (Nature Protection Act). Kutengera malo ndi kukula kwake, zilolezo zakale, zilolezo zotulutsa zinthu, kapena zilolezo za zipilala zingafunikenso. Timatsogolera njira yonse ya chilolezo, kuyambira kukambirana koyamba ndi boma mpaka njira zotsutsa ndi apilo, kuonetsetsa kuti zofunikira zonse zalamulo zakwaniritsidwa.
Zoopsa zazikulu: zilolezo zomwe sizinaperekedwe kapena kuchotsedwa pambuyo poti zatsutsidwa, eni malo amakana mgwirizano kapena kupempha chipukuta misozi chosafunikira, kuchulukana kwa ma gridi komwe kumayambitsa kuchedwa kapena kusatheka kulumikizana, kusintha malamulo ndi malangizo (njira yoyezera ukonde, mitengo yolowera), ziwonetsero za anansi ndi njira zamalamulo, komanso kusatsatira malamulo othandizira. Timazindikira zoopsa msanga ndikumanga chitetezo chalamulo kuyambira pachiyambi cha polojekiti.
Inde, monga mwini malo muli ndi udindo waukulu wokambirana. Kudzera mu mgwirizano wa lendi, lendi, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito, mutha kukonza: nthawi, malipiro (nthawi zambiri €1,000-€3,000 pa hekitala pachaka pa mapanelo a dzuwa), udindo wokonzanso pambuyo poti watha, udindo wowononga, indexation, ndi zikhalidwe pakugulitsa polojekitiyi. Timakambirana m'malo mwa eni malo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti pali mapangano oyenera omwe amateteza zofuna zanu zanthawi yayitali.
Kuchulukana kwa gridi kumatanthauza kuti gridi yamagetsi yadzaza ndipo kulumikizana kwatsopano kumayimitsidwa, nthawi zina kwa zaka zambiri. Zosankha zalamulo ndizochepa koma zimaphatikizapo: kukana kukana kulumikizana kwa gridi, kufufuza mfundo zofunika kwambiri za wogwiritsa ntchito gridi, kufufuza malo ena olumikizirana, mayankho akanthawi (kusunga batri, kuchepetsa), kapena zodandaula za kuwonongeka chifukwa chokana mosaloledwa. Timawunika udindo wanu ndikufufuza njira zonse zomwe zingatheke kuti polojekiti yanu ikwaniritsidwe.
Inde. Timalangiza ogula magetsi ndi opanga magetsi pa: kukambirana ndi kuwunika Mapangano Ogulira Mphamvu (PPAs), mapangano ogulira zinthu zachilengedwe, mapangano olumikizirana ndi gridi, njira zogulira mphamvu, kutsatira malamulo osunga mphamvu ndi zolinga zochepetsera CO2, komanso mikangano yokhudza mikhalidwe yogulira kapena mapangano amitengo. Timaonetsetsa kuti mapangano ndi abwino mwalamulo ndipo amakwaniritsa bwino zofuna zanu zamalonda.
Gulu la anthu ogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu (dongosolo la malo ogwiritsira ntchito ma code a positi kapena mitundu ina ya mgwirizano) limafuna njira zomveka bwino zamalamulo: kusankha njira yovomerezeka (mgwirizano, mgwirizano, kampani), kulemba nkhani ndi malamulo, mapangano ndi mamembala ndi ogulitsa mphamvu, mapangano okhudza ndalama ndi kugawa zoopsa, komanso kutsatira malamulo a mphamvu ndi malamulo achinsinsi (GDPR). Timatsogolera magulu a anthu ogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuyambira pomwe adakhazikitsidwa mpaka pomwe adagwira ntchito ndipo timapewa mikangano pakati pa mamembala.
Inde, tili ndi chidziwitso chambiri ndi malamulo oyendetsera ntchito mu gawo la mphamvu. Ngati titakana zilolezo zachilengedwe kapena zachilengedwe, titha kupereka ziletso ku boma kapena chigawo, ndipo ngati pakufunika, tingachite apilo kukhothi ndi ku Bungwe la Boma.
Malonda a Utsi ndi EU ETS
Kodi mwakonzeka kulankhula ndi loya wa zamagetsi?
Akatswiri athu azamalamulo a Energy ali ndi ukatswiri wozama ndipo ali okonzeka kuthandiza. Konzani nthawi yokambirana lero.
