Ndondomeko yotsutsa (bezwaar): momwe mungatsutsire chisankho cha boma

Ngati bungwe la boma la Dutch likukana chilolezo chanu, likuchotsa ndalama zothandizira kapena likukhazikitsa lamulo lokakamiza, nthawi zambiri muyenera kupereka kaye chitsutso (bezwaar) ndi bungwe lomwelo mkati mwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi musanapite kukhothi (Nkhani 6:7 ndi 7:1 ya General Administrative Law Act, Awb). Chosiyana chachikulu ndi chisankho chokonzedwa motsatira njira yokonzekera anthu onse, yomwe mungakakamizire mwachindunji kukhothi lachigawo.

Kutsutsa sikuletsa chisankhocho. Ngati chisankhocho chikukhudzani nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kupempha woweruza milandu wa khothi la chigawo kuti akupatseni njira yokhazikika (voorlopige voorziening).

Kodi njira yotsutsira ndi iti?

Kutsutsa ndi pempho lolembedwa kwa akuluakulu omwe adapanga chisankho choganiziranso (Nkhani 6:4 Awb). Motsatira General Administrative Law Act (Algemene wet bestuursrecht, Awb), nthawi zambiri muyenera kumaliza gawoli khothi loyang'anira lidzamve mlandu wanu (Nkhani 7:1 Awb).

Gawo lotsutsa ndi kuwunikiranso kwathunthu, osati kuwunikanso (Nkhani 7:11 Awb). Ulamuliro umasankha mfundo ndi malamulo monga momwe zilili panthawi yopereka chigamulo chotsutsa, kotero umboni watsopano ndi zinthu zomwe zasintha zimawerengedwa, ndipo uyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nzeru zake mwatsopano.

Ndani angatsutse?

Munthu amene ali ndi chidwi (belanghebbende) yekha ndi amene angatsutse: munthu amene chidwi chake chikukhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi chisankhocho (Nkhani 1:2 Awb). Chidwicho chiyenera kukhala chanu, chanu komanso chamakono.

Wopempha chilolezo ndi wolandira chilolezo chokakamiza nthawi zonse amakhala oyenerera. Anthu ena monga anansi kapena opikisana nawo akhoza kuyenerera, kutengera mtunda wawo kapena kusakanikirana kwa msika; mabungwe ndi mabungwe akhoza kuyenerera ngati chiwongola dzanja chili m'gulu la zolinga zawo.

Kodi nthawi yomaliza yotsutsa ndi iti?

Nthawi yotsutsa ndi milungu isanu ndi umodzi (Nkhani 6:7 Awb). Imayamba tsiku lotsatira chigamulocho chitatumizidwa kapena kuperekedwa (Nkhani 6:8 Awb), ndipo ulamuliro sungawonjezere.

Chotsutsa chomwe chatumizidwa chili pa nthawi yake ngati chinatumizidwa nthawi isanakwane ndipo chikufika mkati mwa sabata imodzi kuchokera pamene chatumizidwa (Nkhani 6:9 Awb). Chotsutsa chomwe chachedwa sichingavomerezedwe pokhapokha ngati simungaimbidwe mlandu chifukwa cha kuchedwako (Nkhani 6:11 Awb); makhothi amagwiritsa ntchito choletsa chimenecho mopepuka.

Kodi kutsutsa kwa pro forma ndi chiyani?

Ngati nthawi yomaliza yatha ndipo mulibe zifukwa zanu, perekani chitsutso chachifupi mkati mwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi chomwe chikuwonetsa chisankhocho ndikunena kuti zifukwazo zidzatsatira. Malinga ndi Nkhani 6:6 Awb, akuluakulu ayenera kukupatsani nthawi yoti muwonjezere zifukwazo asananene kuti chitsutsocho sichingavomerezedwe.

Kodi chotsutsacho chiyenera kukhala ndi chiyani?

Malinga ndi Nkhani 6:5 Awb, chotsutsacho chiyenera kukhala ndi dzina lanu ndi adilesi yanu, tsiku, siginecha yanu, kufotokozera chisankhocho ndi zifukwa zake. Ikani kopi ya chisankhocho, ndipo ngati wina akuyimirani, power of loya.

Kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe mungapambane sikokwanira. Chifukwa chakuti kuganiziridwanso kwatha, fotokozani mfundo ndi zikalata, yankhani zifukwa za akuluakulu ndipo fotokozani chisankho chomwe mukufuna m'malo mwake. Pemphaninso fayiloyo ndipo, ngati mukufuna kuti ndalama zanu zibwezedwe, pemphani zimenezo mu kalata yotsutsa.

Kodi ndondomekoyi imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Monga lamulo, akuluakulu ayenera kukumverani asanasankhe (Nkhani 7:2 Awb). Kumvetsera nkhani sikuli kovomerezeka ndipo kumachitika ndi anthu omwe sanachite nawo chisankho choyambirira (Nkhani 7:5 Awb), kapena ndi komiti yodziyimira payokha yotsutsa (Nkhani 7:13 Awb).

Mukhoza kuyang'ana zikalata za mlanduwo musanamve (Nkhani 7:4 Awb). Ulamuliro ungadumphe kumva kokha m'milandu yochepa, mwachitsanzo pamene kutsutsa sikuloledwa kapena kopanda maziko, kapena pamene wavomereza kutsutsa konse (Nkhani 7:3 Awb).

Kodi zotsatira zake zingakhale zoyipa kuposa chisankho choyambirira?

Mwachidule, akuluakulu aboma sangagwiritse ntchito kutsutsa kwanu kukuikani pamalo oipa (reformatio in peius). Chitetezo chimenecho sichigwira ntchito pamene akuluakulu aboma akanatha kusintha chisankhocho kuti chikhale choipa kwa inu okha, mwachitsanzo mwa kulimbitsa malamulo a chilolezo omwe amaloledwa kusintha.

Yesani kuganizira za chiopsezochi musanatsutse, makamaka chisankho chomwe chikukupatsani kale zambiri zomwe mudapempha.

Nanga bwanji ngati akuluakulu a boma asankha mochedwa?

Choyamba muyenera kutumiza chidziwitso cholembedwa cha kusachita bwino (ingebrekestelling). Ngati bungweli silinasankhebe patatha milungu iwiri, liyenera kulipira chilango (dwangsom) patsiku, mpaka €1,442 (Nkhani 4:17 Awb), ndipo mutha kupempha khothi kuti lisapereke chigamulocho (Nkhani 6:12 Awb).

Khotilo, makamaka, limalamula kuti akuluakulu apereke chigamulo mkati mwa milungu iwiri, mothandizidwa ndi chilango (Article 8:55d Awb). Kuyambira pa 15 Epulo 2025, IND salinso ndi ngongole ya chilango chifukwa cha zisankho zochedwa pa mapempho okhala; apilo yotsutsa kulephera kwa chigamulo ikadalipo.

Ndani amalipira ndalama zotsutsa?

Palibe ndalama zomwe khoti limalipira pa nkhani yotsutsa, koma nthawi zambiri mumadzilipirira nokha. Boma limabwezera ndalamazo pokhapokha ngati munapempha chisankhocho chisanachitike ndipo chisankhocho chachotsedwa chifukwa cha kusamvera malamulo komwe boma limayang'anira (Nkhani 7:15 Awb).

Ngakhale zili choncho, kubweza ndalama kumatsatira dongosolo la mfundo zokhazikika pansi pa Administrative Law Costs Decree (Besluit proceskosten bestuursrecht), lomwe limalipira gawo limodzi lokha la ndalama za loya.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa chisankho chotsutsa?

Mukhoza kukasuma ku dipatimenti ya malamulo oyang'anira khothi la chigawo (rechtbank) mkati mwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi. Ndalama zolipirira khothi (griffierecht) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi mitengo yosiyana ya anthu ndi mabungwe alamulo; onani ndalama zomwe zilipo pa rechtspraak.nl musanapereke.

Khothi likuwunikanso ngati chigamulocho chili chovomerezeka; sichitenga malo a ulamuliro pamene ulamuliro uli ndi ufulu wosankha. Sichidzathetsa chigamulo chophwanya lamulo lomwe silikuteteza zofuna zanu (Nkhani 8:69a Awb), ndipo chingalole ulamuliro kukonza cholakwika panthawi ya mlandu (Nkhani 8:51a Awb).

Apilo yapamwamba imapita ku Administrative Jurisdiction Division of the Council of State , Central Appeals Tribunal (Centrale Raad van Beroep) pa milandu ya chitetezo cha anthu ndi ntchito za boma, kapena Trade and Industry Appeals Tribunal (College van Beroep voor het bedrijfsleven) kuti ilamulire zachuma.

Kodi ndi liti pamene palibe gawo lotsutsa?

Pali zinthu ziwiri zosiyana. M'zonse ziwiri, mlanduwu umapita mwachindunji kukhoti lachigawo.

• Kudandaula mwachindunji (rechtstreeks beroep): Mu chitsutso chanu mungapemphe kuti mudumphe gawo lotsutsa, ndipo akuluakulu angavomereze ngati mlanduwo ndi woyenera, nthawi zambiri pamene pali mafunso alamulo okha omwe akukangana (Nkhani 7:1a Awb).
• Njira yokonzekera anthu onse mofanana (kutengera 3.4 Awb): Chigamulo cholembedwa chimasindikizidwa, anthu okhudzidwa amapereka maganizo awo (zienswijzen), ndipo chigamulo chomaliza chimaperekedwa kukhoti mwachindunji. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri pamilandu yokhudza zachilengedwe ndi kukonzekera.

Ngati mupereka chitsutso pamene pakufunika apilo, akuluakulu ayenera kuitumiza kukhoti (Nkhani 6:15 Awb). Gawo la malamulo lothandizira kumapeto kwa chigamulocho limafotokoza njira yomwe ikugwira ntchito.

Kodi muyenera kuyang'ana chiyani ngati wolandira chisankho?

Ngati chisankhocho chaperekedwa kwa inu, mwachitsanzo chilolezo chokanidwa kapena kubweza ndalama zothandizira, chitanipo kanthu mlungu woyamba.

• Werengani nthawi yomaliza ya milungu isanu ndi umodzi kuyambira tsiku lotsatira tsiku lotumiza.
• Werengani gawo la malamulo lothandizira: kutsutsa kapena apilo, kwa ndani, komanso mkati mwa nthawi yanji.
• Onani ngati chigamulocho chikuyamba kugwira ntchito tsopano, ndipo ngati chilipo, ganizirani za mpumulo wa kanthawi kochepa.
• Pemphani fayilo yonse polemba.
• Lembani chikalata chotsutsa cha pro forma ndipo phatikizani pempho lanu la ndalama.

Kodi muyenera kuyang'ana chiyani ngati munthu wachitatu?

Ngati chisankhocho chikukhudza wina, monga chilolezo cha mnansi wanu kapena mpikisano, udindo wanu umadalira udindo wanu komanso nthawi yomwe mwasankha.

• Kodi mumakhudzidwa mwachindunji, mwachitsanzo ndi mtunda, mawonekedwe, phokoso kapena kusakanikirana kwa msika?
• Kodi munapereka maganizo anu pa chikalatacho ngati njira yokonzekera anthu onse ikugwiritsidwa ntchito?
• Kodi chigamulocho chinafalitsidwa liti? Tsiku lomaliza lomaliza limayamba kuyambira tsiku limenelo.
• Kodi mukufuna thandizo la kanthawi kuti munthu amene ali ndi chilolezocho alepheretse ntchito?

Kodi tingakuchitireni chiyani ngati pali vuto?

Maloya athu a zamalamulo oyendetsera ntchito amalangiza makampani ndi anthu paokha pa nkhani zotsutsa ndi apilo motsutsana ndi zisankho za boma la Netherlands.

• Timaona nthawi yomaliza ndi njira yolondola yovomerezeka mkati mwa tsiku limodzi logwira ntchito.
• Timapereka chitsutso cha pro forma ndipo timapempha fayiloyo ndi kubwezeredwa ndalama zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Tikulemba zifukwa zotsutsa ndipo tikuyimirani pa msonkhano.
• Timapempha thandizo la kanthawi kochepa ngati chisankhocho chikukhudzani nthawi yomweyo.
• Timachita apilo ku khoti lachigawo ndi makhoti akuluakulu olamulira.

Chidule

• Kawirikawiri muyenera kupereka chitsutso ndi ulamuliro womwewo mkati mwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi musanapite kukhothi (Nkhani 6:7 ndi 7:1 Awb).
• Gawo lotsutsa ndi kuganiziranso kwathunthu mfundo ndi lamulo panthawiyo (Nkhani 7:11 Awb).
• Kutsutsa sikuletsa chisankhocho; mpumulo wa kanthawi kochepa umafuna pempho lina.
• Ndalama zimabwezedwa pokhapokha ngati apempha komanso ngati akuluakulu aboma achita zinthu mopanda lamulo (Nkhani 7:15 Awb).

MAFUNSO OFUNSIDWA KAWIRIKAWIRI