Bwana wa ku Netherlands sangalole kuti phwando la anthu onse likhale lokakamiza. Ufulu wopereka malangizo mu Article 7:660 ya Dutch Civil Code (BW) umakhudza kokha momwe ntchito ikuyendera komanso dongosolo labwino mu bizinesi; kupatulapo ndi chochitika chomwe chili ndi cholinga chenicheni cha bizinesi, monga maphunziro kapena chochitika cha kasitomala, chomwe bwana angafune kuti mupiteko, koma nthawiyo imawerengedwa ngati nthawi yogwira ntchito.
Pansipa tikufotokoza komwe ufulu wophunzitsa umathera, pamene chochitika chimakhala ntchito, tanthauzo la nthawi yogwira ntchito ndi malipiro, komanso zilango zomwe olemba ntchito angapereke komanso zomwe sangapereke ngati simukupita.
M'ndandanda wazopezekamo
Kodi ufulu wa olemba ntchito umafika pati?
Pansi pa Article 7:660 BW muyenera kutsatira malangizo a momwe mungagwirire ntchitoyo komanso mwadongosolo mu bizinesi, motsatira malire a lamulo, mgwirizano wantchito ndi mgwirizano uliwonse wa ogwira ntchito (cao). Kucheza ndi anzanu si gawo la zimenezo.
Misonkhano yokakamiza, malamulo achitetezo, njira zogwirira ntchito, ndi nthawi yosinthira ntchito zimagwera pansi pa ufulu wophunzitsidwa. Zakumwa pambuyo pa ntchito kapena chakudya chamadzulo cha Khirisimasi sizili choncho, chifukwa ubwenzi ndi ntchitoyo ukusowa. Bwana angakuyitaneni ndikukulimbikitsani, koma kuyitana kuyitanidwa sikupanga udindo.
Malire achiwiri ndi kulingalira bwino. Malinga ndi Nkhani 7:611 BW, olemba ntchito ayenera kuchita ngati olemba ntchito abwino (goed werkgever) ndikuganizira momwe zinthu zilili musanakakamize, ngakhale pa malangizo omveka bwino.
Kodi chochitika cha kampani chimakhala liti ntchito?
Mukangomaliza kugwira ntchito inayake yodziwika bwino. Tsiku lophunzitsira, pulogalamu yokonzekera, gawo la njira, chiwonetsero cha malonda kapena chochitika cha kasitomala komwe mukuyimira kampani ndi gawo la ntchitoyo, ndipo kupezekapo kungafunike.
Zochitika zambiri zimasakanikirana, monga misonkhano yotsatiridwa ndi chakudya chamadzulo kapena tchuthi cha masiku awiri chokhala ndi maulaliki ndi zochitika zina. Mafunso othandiza ndi awa: kodi pulogalamuyo ili ndi chiyani, kodi olemba ntchito angatchule cholinga cha bizinesi popanda kubwereranso ku "kumanga gulu", kodi makasitomala kapena ogulitsa alipo, ndipo kodi muli ndi udindo woposa kupezekapo? Chochitikacho chikafanana ndi ntchito, udindo wa olemba ntchito umakhala wolimba.
Kodi nthawi yogwira ntchito mokakamizidwa imawerengedwa ngati nthawi yovomerezeka?
Inde. Nthawi yomwe muyenera kukhalapo kwa olemba ntchito ndipo simungagwiritse ntchito nthawi yanu momasuka ngati nthawi yogwira ntchito motsatira malangizo a EU Working Time Directive (2003/88/EC) ndi Dutch Working Hours Act (Arbeidstijdenwet, ATW), monga momwe Khoti Loona za Ufulu wa ku Ulaya limatanthauzirira nthawi zonse.
Maolawo amawerengedwa kuti afike pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wovomerezeka. Malinga ndi Article 5:7 ATW, wantchito wamkulu amagwira ntchito osapitirira maola 12 pa shift iliyonse ndi maola 60 pa sabata. Malinga ndi Article 5:3 ATW, wamkulu ayenera kukhala ndi nthawi yopuma yosalekeza ya maola osachepera 11 m'maola 24 aliwonse, omwe angafupikitsidwe kufika maola 8 kamodzi pa sabata ngati mtundu wa ntchito kapena momwe bizinesi ikuyendera ukufuna. Wolemba ntchito amene amasunga antchito pa chochitika mpaka pakati pausiku sangayembekezere kuti abwererenso nthawi ya 8 m'mawa wotsatira.
Kulipira maola amenewo komanso kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe mumalipira kumadalira mgwirizano wanu wantchito ndi cao, osati pa ATW. Mfundo ndi yakuti chochitika chokakamiza chimalowa m'gawo la ntchito yolipidwa.
Kodi olemba ntchito angachite chiyani ngati simukupita kuntchito?
Ngati chochitikacho chinali chosangalatsa anthu ambiri, palibe chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito: popanda malangizo omveka bwino, palibe chomwe chingatsatidwe. Ngati chochitikacho chinali chokhudzana ndi ntchito ndipo chinalengezedwa pasadakhale ngati chokakamiza, chenjezo lolembedwa nthawi zambiri ndilo lomwe olemba ntchito angateteze.
Kodi olemba ntchito angakulipitseni chindapusa kapena kuchotsera malipiro anu?
Pokhapokha ngati pali malamulo okhwima. Malinga ndi Article 7:650 BW, chindapusa chimafuna gawo lolembedwa mu mgwirizano wa ntchito lomwe limatchula lamulo, kuchuluka kwa ndalama ndi komwe chindapusacho chidzaperekedwe; olemba ntchito sangapindule nacho, ndipo chindapusa sichingapitirire theka la malipiro a tsiku pa sabata. Malinga ndi Article 7:651 BW, olemba ntchito sangapemphe chindapusa ndi kuwonongeka chifukwa cha khalidwe lomwelo.
Kuletsa malipiro ndi koletsedwanso. Malinga ndi Nkhani 7:631 BW, gawo lolola olemba ntchito kusunga ndalama patsiku lolipira silikugwira ntchito, ndipo Nkhani 7:632 BW imaletsa malipiro ku zopempha zinazake. Kupereka malipiro a tsiku chifukwa chosadya chakudya chamadzulo sikofunikira: munali okonzeka kugwira ntchito yomwe mudalemba ntchito.
Kodi mungaimitsidwe ntchito kapena kuchotsedwa ntchito?
Osati chifukwa chosowa chochitika chilichonse. Kuchotsedwa ntchito chifukwa cha khalidwe loipa kumafuna khalidwe lalikulu kwambiri kotero kuti kupitiriza ntchito sikungatheke kuyembekezera, ndipo kuchotsedwa ntchito mwachidule motsatira Article 7:677 BW kumafuna chifukwa chadzidzidzi. Kuyimitsidwa kolanga kungakhale kovuta kugwirizana ndi Article 7:611 BW.
Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe olemba ntchito ayenera kuganizira pa moyo wawo?
Matenda, ntchito zosamalira, kukana mwambo wokhudzana ndi mowa chifukwa cha chipembedzo, kapena chilema chomwe chimapangitsa kuti malowo asayenerere ziyenera kuganiziridwa payekhapayekha motsatira Nkhani 7:611 BW. Lamulo lokhwima loti anthu apezekepo lingakhalenso tsankho losalunjika.
Pansi pa Equal Treatment Act (Algemene wet gelijke behandeling, AWGB), lamulo losalowerera ndale lomwe limaika antchito a chipembedzo china pamavuto ndi kusiyanitsa mwachindunji, pokhapokha ngati olemba ntchito ali ndi cholinga chovomerezeka ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera komanso zofunikira. Bungwe la Netherlands Institute for Human Rights (College voor de Rechten van de Mens) lingapereke maganizo awo pa madandaulo otere.
Kodi olemba ntchito ali ndi udindo wotani wosamalira pazochitika za kampani?
Udindo umatsatira ulamuliro. Malinga ndi Nkhani 7:658 BW, olemba ntchito ayenera kuchitapo kanthu moyenera kuti apewe kuvulaza antchito pantchito yawo, ndipo malinga ndi Nkhani 7:611 BW, olemba ntchito akhozanso kukhala ndi mlandu wa kuvulaza panthawi ya ntchito zomwe adakonza ndi kulimbikitsa.
Malinga ndi Gawo 3(2) la Working Conditions Act (Arbeidsomstandighedenwet), olemba ntchito ayenera kukhala ndi mfundo zopewera ntchito zokhudzana ndi maganizo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuzunzidwa ndi khalidwe losayenera. Zochitika pa maphwando a kampani nthawi zambiri zimakhala magwero a madandaulo. Malamulo omveka bwino a khalidwe, malo ocheperako ogulira mowa komanso mayendedwe okonzedwa opita kunyumba ndi njira zowongolera zoopsa komanso kuchereza alendo.
Kodi muyenera kuwunika chiyani ngati wantchito?
- Kodi chochitikachi ndi cha anthu okhaokha, kapena pulogalamuyo ili ndi cholinga chenicheni cha bizinesi?
- Kodi kupezekapo kunalengezedwa m'malemba ngati kokakamiza, ndipo cholinga chake chinafotokozedwa?
- Kodi mwalembapo zotsutsa zanu kapena zochitika zanu paokha musanapereke tsikulo?
- Kodi maola ogwirira ntchito amaonedwa ngati nthawi yogwira ntchito, ndipo kodi pangano lanu kapena bungwe lanu limapereka malipiro?
- Ngati chenjezo kapena kuchotsedwa kwa malipiro kutsatiridwa, kodi mwatsutsa mwa kulemba ndikupempha maziko alamulo?
Kodi muyenera kufufuza chiyani ngati wolemba ntchito?
- Kodi mwasankha pasadakhale ngati chochitikacho ndi gawo la ntchitoyo?
- Ngati ndi kokakamiza, kodi mwanena cholinga cha bizinesiyo ndi kuti maola ogwirira ntchito amawerengedwa ngati nthawi yogwirira ntchito?
- Kodi ndondomekoyi ikulemekeza kupuma kwa maola 11 patsiku motsatira Article 5:3 ATW?
- Kodi muli ndi chindapusa cholembedwa chomwe chikukwaniritsa Article 7:650 BW musanapereke chindapusa chilichonse?
- Kodi mwaganizirapo zinthu zomwe anthu ena amatsutsa, monga ntchito zosamalira, zaumoyo kapena chipembedzo?
- Kodi malamulo okhudza khalidwe, mowa ndi mayendedwe akonzedwa pa mwambowu?
Kodi tingakuchitireni chiyani ndi zochitika zamakampani zomwe zimakakamiza?
Maloya athu okhudza ntchito amapereka upangiri pa malangizo, zilango ndi nthawi yogwira ntchito. Mbiri ikupezeka mu chidule chathu cha malamulo a ntchito , malangizo athu okhudza ntchito komanso patsamba lathu la loya wochotsa ntchito.
- Timayesa ngati malangizo okhudza kupezekapo akugwera mu Article 7:660 BW.
- Timalemba kalata yanu yotsutsa chenjezo kapena kuchotsera malipiro.
- Timawunikanso malamulo okhudza chindapusa ndi buku la malangizo a ogwira ntchito motsutsana ndi Nkhani 7:650 ndi 7:651 BW.
- Timalemba mfundo zoyendetsera zochitika ndi kupezekapo zomwe zimalemekeza nthawi yogwira ntchito ndi nthawi yopuma.
- Timaona ngati lamulo loti anthu azipezekapo ndi losasankhana mwachisawawa pansi pa AWGB.
Chidule
- Bwana sangapangitse kuti zochitika za pagulu zikhale zokakamiza; Nkhani 7:660 BW imangokhudza ntchito ndi dongosolo labwino.
- Chochitika chokhala ndi cholinga chenicheni cha bizinesi chingakhale chokakamiza, koma maolawo amawerengedwa ngati nthawi yogwira ntchito.
- Zilango zimafuna gawo lolembedwa motsatira Nkhani 7:650 BW, ndipo kuchotsera malipiro kumaletsedwa ndi Nkhani 7:631 ndi 7:632 BW.
- Kuphonya chochitika chimodzi sikutanthauza kuyimitsidwa kapena kuchotsedwa ntchito.
- Lembani zotsutsa zanu musanayambe chochitikacho.
MAFUNSO OFUNSIDWA KAWIRIKAWIRI
Kodi bwana wanga angandilimbikitse kupita ku phwando la Khirisimasi?
Ayi, ayi ngati ndi chochitika chachisangalalo chokha. Ufulu wophunzitsidwa mu Article 7:660 BW umakhudza kokha momwe ntchito ikuyendera komanso dongosolo labwino mu bizinesi.
Kodi chingachitike n’chiyani ngati nditaphonya chochitika chokhudzana ndi ntchito chokakamiza?
Ngati chochitikacho chinali ndi cholinga chenicheni cha bizinesi ndipo chinalengezedwa kuti ndi chokakamiza pasadakhale, abwana akhoza kupereka chenjezo lolembedwa. Kuyimitsidwa ntchito kapena kuchotsedwa ntchito chifukwa cha kusakhalapo kamodzi n'kosayenera.
Kodi abwana anga angandipatse malipiro chifukwa chosapita ku phwando la ofesi?
Ayi. Kuletsa kulipira ndi kulipira ndalama zolipirira kuli koletsedwa ndi Article 7:631 ndi 7:632 BW, ndipo chindapusa chimafuna kuti gawo lolembedwa likwaniritse Article 7:650 BW.
Kodi nthawi yogwira ntchito yokakamiza yomwe imachitika kunja kwa nthawi yogwira ntchito imawerengedwa ngati nthawi yogwira ntchito?
Inde. Nthawi yomwe muyenera kukhala ndi antchito anu imawerengedwa ngati nthawi yogwira ntchito, komanso maola ambiri ogwira ntchito komanso maola 11 opuma tsiku lililonse motsatira lamulo la Working Hours Act.
Kodi ndingakane chifukwa cha matenda, ntchito zosamalira kapena chipembedzo?
Abwana anu ayenera kuwunika zinthu izi motsatira Nkhani 7:611 BW. Zilembeni musanayambe chochitikacho.
