Chiyambi: Kodi chilango cha chilango ndi chiyani ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani chili chofunikira?
Lamulo lachilango (strafbeschikking) ndi chilango chomwe Public Prosecution Service (OM) chikhoza kudzipangira milandu ina popanda kulowererapo kwa woweruza. Mu bukhuli, muphunzira kuti chilango ndi chiyani, nthawi yoperekedwa ndi momwe mungayankhire.
Kuthetsa milandu mopanda chiwembuku kudakhazikitsidwa mu 2008 kuti athetse vuto la makhothi komanso kuti apereke chilungamo mwachangu pamilandu wamba monga kuba m'masitolo, kumenyedwa kosavuta komanso milandu yapamsewu. Izi zidatheka ndi lamulo la Public Prosecution Service Settlement Act, lomwe lidayamba kugwira ntchito pa 1 February 2008. Kwa inu monga nzika, izi zikutanthauza kuti mutha kulipitsidwa chindapusa osapita kukhothi. Lamulo lachilango si mlandu wa khothi; pokhapokha pamilandu yapadera, monga ngati atachita apilo kapena zochitika zapadera, ndiye kuti mlanduwo udzabweretsedwa kwa woweruza.
M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana tanthauzo la malamulo a chilango, zilango zosiyanasiyana zomwe Public Prosecution Service ingapereke, momwe mungatsutse, ndi malangizo othandiza kuti mupewe zolakwika. Mudzaphunziranso zotsatira zake pa mbiri yanu yaupandu ndi pamene kuli kwanzeru kupeza uphungu wa zamalamulo.
Kodi dongosolo la chilango ndi chiyani: mfundo zazikulu ndi matanthauzo
Kutanthauzira koyambira
Lamulo lachilango ndi chigamulo cholembedwa chomwe woimira boma pamilandu amapereka mwachindunji chilango cha mlandu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti milandu ina simangopita kukhoti, koma imayang'aniridwa ndi Public Prosecution Service yomwe. Komabe, n’zosatheka kupereka chilango m’ndende mwachilango. Maziko ovomerezeka a chilango cha chilango angapezeke mu Code of Criminal Procedure, makamaka mu Article 257a, ndime 3, yomwe imalongosola ndondomeko ndi zikhalidwe mwatsatanetsatane.
Kusiyana kwakukulu ndi mayitanidwe ndikuti simukakamizidwa kukaonekera kukhoti pamlandu wa chigamulo. Kulakwa kumakhazikitsidwa mukangovomereza zilango zomwe zimaperekedwa polipira kapena kuchita ntchito zapagulu. Lamulo lachilango likhoza kuperekedwa kokha ngati kulakwa kwakhazikitsidwa.
Ulamuliro wopereka chilango uli ndi:
- Woimira boma pamilandu yambiri
- Apolisi pamilandu ina yapamsewu
- Oyang'anira ofufuza apadera (BOA's) pamilandu yapadera yomwe amasankhidwa
Kuphatikiza apo, maulamuliro monga ma municipalities ndi ntchito zachigawo amaloledwanso kuyika zilango zoyang'anira nthawi zina.
Pambuyo popereka chilango cha chilango, Bungwe la Public Prosecution Service liri ndi udindo wokakamiza chilango chomwe chaperekedwa.
Malingaliro okhudzana
Lamulo la chilango limasiyana kwambiri ndi chindapusa cha oyang'anira. Pomwe chindapusa cha oyang'anira chimaperekedwa ndi boma kapena mabungwe ena oyang'anira, lamulo la chilango limagwera pansi pa lamulo la milandu ndipo limayendetsedwa ndi Central Judicial Collection Agency (CJIB).
Lamulo lachilango choyang'anira ndi muyeso woperekedwa ndi mabungwe oyang'anira, monga akuluakulu a tauni, maofesi a zigawo kapena ntchito zachilengedwe, pamilandu ina. Izi zimachitika makamaka pankhani yazachilengedwe kapena zolakwa zazing'ono, monga zolakwa za chilengedwe. Lamulo la chilango cha utsogoleri ndi njira ina yotsutsana ndi milandu ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunja kwa khoti.
Palinso kusiyana ndi ndondomeko yakale yokhazikika. Ndi chigamulo, mutha kusankha ngati mukufuna kulipira kapena kupita kukhoti. Ndi chilango cha chilango, chilango chimaperekedwa mwamsanga, koma mukhoza kutsutsa mkati mwa masiku 14. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo la Public Prosecution Service Settlement Act mchaka cha 2008 kunapangitsa kuti bungwe la Public Prosecution Service lokha lithe kuweruza milandu yomwe anthu ayenera kukhala mndende mpaka zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi popanda khoti.
Chifukwa chiyani malamulo a chilango ndi ofunikira mu malamulo achi Dutch
Dongosolo la zilango zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera bwino kwa malamulo aku Dutch. Chaka chilichonse, zilango pafupifupi 200,000 mpaka 300,000 zimaperekedwa, makamaka pamilandu yapamsewu, kuba m'masitolo ndi ziwawa zazing'ono.
Ubwino wa dongosololi ndi:
- Ulamuliro wofulumira wa chilungamo: Milandu yodziwika bwino imathetsedwa pakatha milungu ingapo
- Kusunga ndalama: Zolemetsa zochepa pamakhothi ndikuchepetsa ndalama za boma
- Kulipiritsa msanga: Ozunzidwa atha kulandira chipukuta misozi posachedwa
- Nthawi yochulukirapo yamilandu yovuta: Oweruza atha kuyang'ana kwambiri milandu yayikulu
Ndikofunika kutsindika kuti chilango cha ndende chikhoza kuperekedwa ndi woweruza osati kudzera mu chilango.
Zoposa 90% za malamulo a chilango amavomerezedwa ndi okayikira, zomwe zimasonyeza mphamvu ya dongosololi. Komabe, kuvomereza chigamulo kungayambitse chigamulo chomwe chimalembedwa pa mbiri ya milandu.
Zolakwa zomwe chilango cha chilango chikhoza kuperekedwa
Bungwe la Public Prosecution Service (OM) lili ndi mphamvu zopereka chigamulo pamilandu yambiri yosiyana siyana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pamilandu wamba, monga kumenyedwa kosavuta, kuba m'masitolo, kuledzera pagulu kapena kuyendetsa galimoto, mutha kulandira chilango chanthawi yomweyo popanda mlanduwo kubweretsedwa kwa woweruza. Cholinga cha izi ndi kupereka zilango mwachangu komanso moyenera pa zolakwa zomwe zili zomveka komanso kuti mlanduwo suli wovuta kwambiri.
Lamulo lachilango likhoza kuperekedwa kwa olakwira omwe ali ndi chilango chachikulu cha zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. M'menemo, izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolakwa zazing'ono, zomwe Public Prosecution Service imatha kupereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zilango. Izi zikuphatikiza chindapusa, ntchito zapagulu kapena chipukuta misozi kwa wozunzidwayo. Komabe, chilango cha kundende sichingaperekedwe mwa chigamulo; uwu ukadali udindo wa khoti.
Gome lofananitsa: chilango cha chilango vs njira zina zothetsera
| Mbali | Chilango | Chindapusa choyang'anira | Malo okhala | Chigamulo cha khoti |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ulamuliro woyenera | Ofesi ya Public Prosecutor/Police/Special Investigating Officer | Municipality/Bungwe loyang'anira | Ofesi ya Public Prosecutor (yatha ntchito) | Judge (criminal court) |
| Chilango chachikulu | Kumangidwa mpaka zaka 6 | Kuchuluka kwalamulo | variable | Zilango zonse zotheka |
| Kudandaula kotheka | Inde, mkati mwa masiku 14 | Kukana/kudandaula | Zosafunika | Kukonda |
| Mbiri yaupandu | Inde, chifukwa cha milandu | Ayi | Zinali zotheka | inde |
| Kayendesedwe | Polemba | Polemba | Kusankha wokayikira | Pamsonkhano |
Pang'onopang'ono: Zomwe zimachitika mu dongosolo la chilango
1: Kupereka chilango
Bungwe la Public Prosecution Service litha kupeleka chigamulo cha milandu yomwe munthu angalangidwe mpaka zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi mndende. M'malo mwake, izi zimakhudza:
- Zolakwa za katundu: Kuba m'masitolo, chinyengo pansi pa £500
- Milandu yachiwawa: Kumenyedwa kosavuta, kuwopseza
- Zolakwa zamagalimoto: Kuyendetsa galimoto motere, kuthamanga kwambiri
- Pagulu: Kuledzera pagulu, kuwononga zinthu
Pamilandu yowonjezereka kapena pamene chilango cha kundende chikuwoneka choyenera, mlanduwo umatumizidwa kukhoti. Muzochitika zapadera, monga mlandu wovuta, Bungwe la Public Prosecution Service lingasankhenso kupereka masamoni m'malo mwa chigamulo. Bungwe la Public Prosecution Service nthawi zambiri limasankha masamanisi pazovuta zovuta kapena ngati anthu omwe akuganiziridwa kuti ali pachiwopsezo.
Gawo 2: Kulandila ndi zomwe zili mu lamulo lachilango
Mudzalandira chilango cholembedwa, nthawi zambiri kudzera pa CJIB. Kalatayo ili ndi:
- Kufotokozera za cholakwacho
- Tsiku lomwe zidachitika
- Zilango zoperekedwa
- Nthawi yolipira ndi masiku 14
- Zambiri zokhudza kupanga apilo
Public Prosecution Service ikhoza kupereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zilango:
- zabwino: Kufikira pamlingo wovomerezeka pamlanduwo
- Ntchito pagulu: Mpaka maola 180 a ntchito yosalipidwa
- malipilo: Kwa wozunzidwayo kapena Fund ya Malipiro a Zachiwawa Zachiwawa
- Kuletsedwa kuyendetsa galimoto: Kuletsa kuyendetsa galimoto mpaka miyezi 6
- Malangizo a kakhalidwe: Mwachitsanzo, kuletsa sitediyamu
- Kulanda: Za zinthu zolandidwa
- zokwaniritsa: Monga kutenga nawo mbali mu pulogalamu yokonzanso kapena kuletsa. Lamulo lachilango likhozanso kukhala ndi malangizo omwe woganiziridwa ayenera kutsatira. Nthawi zina malangizo angapo amaphatikizidwa, mwachitsanzo malangizo amakhalidwe omwe ayenera kutsatiridwa panthawi yoyesedwa.
Gawo 3: Kusankha - kuvomereza kapena kutsutsa
Muli ndi njira ziwiri mutalandira chilango:
Njira 1: Landirani
- Lipirani mkati mwa masiku 14 kapena gwirani ntchito zamagulu
- Chilangocho chimakhala chomaliza ndipo chimalembedwa pa mbiri yanu yaupandu (pamilandu); izi zikutanthauza kuti simungathenso kutsutsa chilangochi ndipo chimalembedwa nthawi yomweyo m'mabuku anu oweruza
- Ndondomeko yatha
Njira 2: Kudandaula
- Tumizani chotsutsa cholembedwa kukhothi mkati mwa masiku khumi ndi anayi
- Mlanduwu udzatumizidwa kukhoti kuti likawunikenso mokwanira
- Mudzakhala ndi mwayi wofotokoza nkhani yanu ndi kupereka umboni
- Woweruza akhoza kutsimikizira, kuchepetsa, kuwonjezera kapena kuchotsa chilangocho.
- Mukapanga apilo, woimira boma pa milandu atha kuganiza zobweretsa mlandu kukhoti kapena kuchotsa chilangocho.
Zolakwa zofala ndi malamulo a chilango
Cholakwika 1: Kulipira nthawi yomweyo popanda kuwerenga mosamala chidziwitso cha chilango Anthu ambiri amalipira okha chifukwa amaganiza kuti alibe chochita. Nthawi zonse werengani mosamala zomwe mukuimbidwa mlandu komanso ngati chilango chomwe chaperekedwa chili chofanana. Ndikofunikira kuti musapereke chindapusa chomwe chili mu chidziwitso cha chilango ngati mukufuna kupereka chitsutso.
Cholakwika chachiwiri: Kupereka chitsutso mochedwa kwambiri (patatha masiku 14) Tsiku lomaliza la masiku 14 ndilofunika kwambiri. Pambuyo pa nthawiyi, mutha kupereka chitsutso pokhapokha ngati zinthu sizikuyenda bwino.
Cholakwika 3: Kupereka apilo popanda zifukwa zomveka Kupereka apilo chifukwa choti mukuganiza kuti chindapusa ndi chachikulu nthawi zambiri sikupambana. Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi mfundo zenizeni zokhudza mfundo kapena kufanana kwa nkhaniyo.
Malangizo a katswiri: Nthawi zonse funsani loya wodziwa bwino za milandu musanalandire chilango, makamaka pa milandu yomwe idzawonekere pa mbiri yanu ya milandu.
Zotsatira za chilango cha chilango
Lamulo lachilango likhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zazikulu kwa woganiziridwayo. Chilango chikaperekedwa ndikuvomerezedwa (monga polipira chindapusa kapena kuchita ntchito zapagulu), kulakwa kumakhazikitsidwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zolemba zimalembedwa m'mabuku oweruza, omwe amadziwika bwino kuti mbiri ya milandu. Zolemba zotere zimatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zazikulu, mwachitsanzo pofunsira Satifiketi ya Makhalidwe Abwino (VOG), yomwe imafunikira pazantchito ndi maudindo ambiri.
Kuonjezera apo, lamulo la chilango lingakhudze luso lanu lochita ntchito zina kapena kukhala ndi maudindo ena, makamaka omwe kukhulupirika kuli kofunika. Zitha kukhalanso ndi zotsatirapo zopita kumayiko ena, chifukwa mayiko ena amakufunsani mbiri yanu yaupandu.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti mutha kuchita apilo motsutsana ndi chigamulo choperekedwa ndi Public Prosecution Service. Izi ziyenera kuchitika mkati mwa masiku 14 mutalandira chilango cha chilango. Apiloyo idzayankhidwa motsatira malamulo okhudza zaupandu komanso njira zaupandu. Panthawi imeneyi, mutha kuperekabe mlandu wanu kukhoti. Chifukwa chakuti zotsatira za chilango cha chilango zingakhale zazikulu, n’kwanzeru kufunafuna uphungu wazamalamulo nthaŵi zonse musanasankhe kuchita apilo kapena kuvomereza chilangocho. Izi zidzateteza mavuto osafunikira ndi zolemba zanu zamaweruzo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ufulu wanu ukutetezedwa bwino.
Chitsanzo chothandiza: Kuchokera pa chigamulo kupita ku chigamulo cha khoti
Mlandu: Kuba m'masitolo €25, chilango cha €350
Maria analandira chilango choba zodzoladzola za mtengo wa €25 m'sitolo yamankhwala. Bungwe la Public Prosecution Service lidapereka chindapusa cha €350 kuphatikiza chipukuta misozi cha €25.
Mkhalidwe:
- Nthawi yoyamba Maria ankaganiziridwa kuti ndi mlandu
- Mavuto azachuma chifukwa cha ulova
- Anagwirizana ndi kufufuza kwa apolisi
Mayendedwe:
- Ndinafunsira upangiri wazamalamulo mkati mwa masiku 10
- Kutsutsa koperekedwa pazifukwa za chilango chosayenera
- Adaunikanso fayilo yamilandu ndikukonza zodzitchinjiriza
- Anapezekapo ndi loya
Zotsatira zake: Woweruzayo anachepetsa chindapusacho kufika pa £200 ndipo anaganizira za momwe Maria analili pazachuma polola kuti pakhale dongosolo lolipira.
| Mbali | Kwa otsutsa | Pambuyo pa chigamulo cha khoti |
|---|---|---|
| zabwino | €350 | €200 |
| Malipiro onse | €375 | €225 (pambuyo pochotsa ndalama zalamulo) |
| Mbiri yaupandu | Zolemba zaumbanda | Zolemba zaumbanda |
| malipiro akuti | masiku 14 | miyezi 6 |
Kutsiliza: mfundo zazikuluzikulu za malamulo a chilango
Lamulo lachilango ndi chida chabwino chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Public Prosecution Service kuti athane ndi milandu yodziwika bwino mwachangu. Mfundo zisanu zofunika kwambiri ndi izi:
- Bungwe la Public Prosecution Service litha kupereka zilango zanthawi yomweyo pamilandu yomwe munthu angalangidwe mpaka zaka 6 m'ndende popanda kulowererapo
- Nthawi zonse mumakhala ndi masiku 14 kuti mupereke apilo motsutsana ndi chilango cha chilango
- Kulandira ndi malipiro ndikomaliza ndipo zimabweretsa mbiri ya milandu ya zolakwa
- Zilango zosiyanasiyana ndizotheka: zabwino, ntchito zapagulu, chipukuta misozi, kuletsa kuyendetsa galimoto ndi malangizo amakhalidwe
- Malangizo azamalamulo ndi ofunikira asanavomereze chilango cha chilango
Ndondomeko ya bungwe la Public Prosecution Service ikufuna kuchepetsa mavuto omwe mabwalo amilandu amakumana nawo popereka masamoni ochepa komanso kupereka zilango zambiri.
- Bungwe la Public Prosecution Service litha kupereka zilango zanthawi yomweyo olakwira mpaka zaka 6 m'ndende popanda kukhudzidwa ndi milandu
- Nthawi zonse mumakhala ndi masiku 14 oti achite apilo motsutsana ndi chilango cha chilango
- Kulandira ndi malipiro ndikomaliza ndipo zidzapangitsa kuti mulembetse mbiri yanu yaupandu chifukwa cha zolakwa
- Zilango zosiyanasiyana ndizotheka: chindapusa, ntchito zapagulu, chipukuta misozi, kuletsa kuyendetsa galimoto ndi malangizo amakhalidwe
- Malangizo azamalamulo ndi ofunikira asanavomereze chilango cha chilango
Ngati muli ndi kukaikira za chilango cha chilango, ndi bwino kulankhulana ndi katswiri wodziwa zamilandu pa Law & More. Atha kuwunika ngati apilo ingakhale yopambana ndikuwongolera zomwe zikuchitika. Kumbukirani kuti ngakhale lamulo lachilango liri lothandiza, nthawi zonse muli ndi ufulu wochitira zinthu mwachilungamo ndi khoti.
Mafunso ofunsidwa kawirikawiri okhudza chilango (strafbeschikking) chomwe chinaperekedwa ndi Public Prosecution Service
Kodi Unduna wa Zamilandu wa Boma ungandipatse chilango cha kundende kudzera mu chilango?
Ayi, chilango cha ndende chikhoza kuperekedwa ndi woweruza. Komabe, a Public Prosecution Service atha kukakamiza anthu kuti azigwira ntchito zapagulu mpaka maola 180 ngati njira ina.
Kodi chilango chingapangitse kuti munthu apeze mbiri yaupandu?
Nthawi zonse pamilandu, koma nthawi zina pamilandu. Kulemba uku muzolemba zamalamulo kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira pa Satifiketi Yanu Yamakhalidwe Abwino (VOG). Mbiri yaumbanda imathanso kuyambitsa mavuto mukamayenda kunja, mwachitsanzo ku United States. Pamlandu, nthawi zonse mudzalandira mbiri yaupandu ngati muli ndi zaka 12 kapena kuposerapo panthawiyo.
Nanga bwanji ngati sindingathe kulipira chilango?
CJIB idzayambitsa ndondomeko yosonkhanitsa ndi zikumbutso, kulanda katundu komanso, ngati njira yomaliza, kumangidwa (kutsekeredwa m'malo).
Kodi ndingathebe kutsutsa ngati ndalipira kale?
Ayi, kulipira kumatanthauza kuvomereza chilango. Pokhapokha ngati mutalipira mokakamizidwa ndizomwe zingatheke.
Kodi ndidzalandira chilango chosinthidwa ngati Public Prosecution Service yalakwitsa?
Inde, Public Prosecution Service ikhoza kupereka chigamulo chosinthidwa ngati pali zolakwika mu dongosolo loyambirira.
Kodi chilango (strafbeschikking) ndi chiyani?
Ndi chilango chomwe Unduna wa Zachipongwe ungadzipatse pa milandu ina popanda woweruza, chomwe chinayambitsidwa mu 2008 kuti chichepetse mavuto omwe ali m'makhothi ndikupereka chilungamo mwachangu pa milandu yofala monga kuba m'masitolo, kuukira wamba komanso milandu ya pamsewu.
Kodi chilango chimawerengedwa ngati chigamulo cha khothi?
Ayi, chilango si chigamulo cha khothi. M'milandu yapadera yokha, monga apilo kapena zochitika zapadera, ndi pomwe mlanduwo udzabweretsedwebe kwa woweruza.
Ndani ali ndi ufulu wopereka lamulo la chilango?
Wotsutsa milandu akhoza kupereka zilango pa milandu yambiri yaupandu, apolisi pa milandu ina ya pamsewu, ndi apolisi ofufuza apadera (BOAs) pa milandu inayake yomwe apatsidwa kuti agwire.
Kodi chilango chimasiyana bwanji ndi chindapusa cha oyang'anira?
Lamulo la chilango limagwera pansi pa lamulo la milandu ndipo limayendetsedwa ndi Central Judicial Collection Agency (CJIB), pomwe chindapusa chaulamuliro chimaperekedwa ndi boma kapena bungwe lina loyang'anira milandu m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito dongosolo la chilungamo cha milandu.
