Zomwe Wet toekomst pensionenen amasintha
Lamuloli sililowa m'malo mwa Pension Act (Pensions Act); limakonza, pamodzi ndi malamulo amisonkho omwe ali pambali pake. Kusintha komwe limapanga ndikofunikira kwambiri: lonjezo la phindu lomwe lili mu chigawo chachiwiri limasowa. Pamene dongosolo lomwe linkalonjeza ndalama, lomwe limafotokozedwa ngati peresenti ya malipiro a chaka chilichonse chautumiki, tsopano limalonjeza zopereka. Zomwe zoperekazo pamapeto pake zimagula zimadalira phindu la ndalama komanso chiwongola dzanja panthawi yopuma pantchito. Zimathandiza kusunga mizati itatu ya dongosolo la Dutch kukhala yosiyana. Mzati woyamba ndi AOW, penshoni ya boma yomwe imaperekedwa ndi Sociale Verzekeringsbank kwa aliyense amene wakhala ndi inshuwaransi kwa zaka zambiri. Mzati wachiwiri ndi penshoni yantchito yomwe imavomerezedwa pakati pa olemba ntchito ndi antchito ndipo imayendetsedwa ndi thumba la penshoni kapena kampani ya inshuwaransi. Mzati wachitatu uli ndi zinthu payekha monga annuity. Wet toekomst pensioenen imasintha mizati yachiwiri yokha. Imasiya AOW osakhudzidwa, ndipo sikakamiza olemba ntchito omwe sapereka penshoni konse kuti ayambe kupereka imodzi. Chidule chosavuta cha malamulo atsopanowa chafalitsidwa ndi boma pa Business.gov.nl.Chopereka chokhazikika ndi omwe angasunge sikelo yakale
Aliyense amene akutenga nawo mbali mu ndondomeko yatsopano amalandira gawo lofanana la malipiro a penshoni, mosasamala kanthu za zaka zawo. Zimenezi zimathetsa makwerero okhudzana ndi zaka ndi zitseko, zomwe achinyamata omwe akutenga nawo mbali ankathandizira okalamba chifukwa ndalama zomwezo zimawononga ndalama zambiri akapuma pantchito. Pansi pa ndalama zokhazikika, ndalama zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa wantchito wachinyamata zimakhala ndi zaka zambiri zoti ziwonjezeke, ndipo ndalama zomwe zimachokera zimakhala zake. Pali chinthu chimodzi chofunikira chosiyana. Bwana yemwe kale anali ndondomeko yopereka ndalama yokhala ndi sikelo yokhudzana ndi zaka isanafike pa 1 Julayi 2023 akhoza kusunga sikelo imeneyo kwa antchito omwe anali kale kutenga nawo mbali. Ogwira ntchito omwe alowa nawo ndondomekoyi itasintha amapita ku ndalama zokhazikika. Ufulu wosintha uwu ndi wosankha ndipo watsekedwa: sungaperekedwe kwa atsopano. Kusinthaku sikuli kopanda mtengo kwa aliyense. Ogwira ntchito pafupifupi theka lachiwiri la ntchito yawo amataya gawo lalikulu la ndalama zomwe anali pafupi kulandira, popanda kukhala ndi nthawi yayitali yokhazikika kale. Chifukwa chake lamuloli limafuna kuti magulu omwe adakhazikitsa ndondomekoyi aganizire za malipiro a gululo ndikulemba zomwe asankha, ndi chifukwa chake, mu dongosolo losinthira. Malipiro angatengedwe ngati chopereka chokwera kwa nthawi yochepa, malipiro mu ndondomekoyi, kapena kusintha kwina kulikonse pankhani ya ntchito.Kugwirizana kapena kusinthasintha: mitundu iwiri ya mapangano
Olemba ntchito ndi ogwirizana nawo pagulu amasankha mitundu iwiri ya mgwirizano. Mu solidaire premieregeling (mgwirizano wopereka ndalama), zopereka zimayikidwa ngati gawo limodzi la ndalama ndipo zotsatira zake zimaperekedwa kwa azaka, kotero omwe akutenga nawo mbali amatenga chiopsezo chachikulu cha ndalama ndipo okalamba amatenga zochepa. Kusunga mgwirizano kumachotsa gawo la zodabwitsa ndipo kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kupulumutsa phindu. Mu flexibele premieregeling (mgwirizano wopereka ndalama), aliyense amene akutenga nawo mbali amakhala ndi ndalama za penshoni zomwe zimayikidwa panjira ya moyo wake wonse ndipo, akapuma pantchito, amatha kusankha pakati pa phindu lokhazikika ndi losinthika lomwe limayenda ndi phindu. Palibe mtundu uliwonse womwe uli wabwino kwambiri. Ndondomeko yochokera ku mgwirizano imafalitsa chiopsezo kwambiri ndipo imasiya ophunzirawo zosankha zochepa zoti asankhe; ndondomeko yosinthasintha imapereka ulamuliro wambiri payekhapayekha ndipo imapangitsa zotsatira zake kukhala zosavuta kufotokoza. Ndondomeko zomwe zimayikidwa ndi inshuwaransi zimakhala ndi njira yachitatu mu mawonekedwe a premie-uitkeringsovereenkomst. Kusankha ndi kwa magulu omwe amakhazikitsa malamulo a ntchito: olemba ntchito limodzi ndi bungwe la ntchito kapena mabungwe ogwira ntchito, kapena ogwirizana nawo pagulu. Wopereka penshoni ndiye amene amasankha; sachita zimenezo.Invaren: kusuntha penshoni yowonjezereka mu dongosolo latsopano
Invaren amatanthauza kusintha penshoni yomwe yasonkhanitsidwa kale pansi pa ndondomeko yakale kukhala ndalama za penshoni yaumwini pansi pa yatsopano. Kwa penshoni ya ndalama, njira yosasinthika pansi pa lamuloli, chifukwa njira ina ndiyo kuyendetsa machitidwe awiri pamodzi kwa zaka zambiri pamtengo wokwera kwambiri. Bwana ndi ogwira nawo ntchito akupempha thumba kuti lisinthe; thumbalo limayesa ngati lingachite izi mwanjira yolingana ndi gulu lililonse la ophunzira ndi opuma pantchito, ndikulemba momwe lingachitire mu dongosolo lake lokhazikitsa. Otenga nawo mbali sali opanda mawu. Mabungwe a ophunzira, omwe kale anali nawo ndi opuma pantchito ali ndi ufulu womvera (hoorrecht): angapereke malingaliro awo pa dongosolo losinthira, ndipo lingaliro limenelo liyenera kuthetsedwa m'malo mopereka. De Nederlandsche Bank imayang'anira dongosolo lokhazikitsa ndipo imatha kuletsa kusintha komwe ikuona kuti sikuli koyenera. Munthu amene akukhulupirira kuti kusinthaku kwamuvulaza akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira yopezera madandaulo amkati mwa thumba, ndipo pambuyo pake, Geschilleninnstantie Pensioenfondsen (Pension Funds Disputes Body), yomwe yakhala yotseguka kwa ophunzira kuyambira pa 1 Januwale 2024. Makhothi a anthu akadalipo. Pa mapulojekiti omwe ali ndi kampani ya inshuwaransi, udindowu ndi wosiyana. Palibe kusintha kwa anthu onse mwachisawawa; poyambira ndichakuti ufulu wopezeka umakhala pomwe uli pokhapokha ngati wophunzirayo avomereza kusamutsa mtengo. Olemba ntchito omwe amaganiza kuti buku lawo la inshuwaransi lidzadutsa lokha nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa.Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi penshoni yopulumuka
Pa imfa isanafike tsiku lopuma pantchito, penshoni yopulumuka imakhala chivundikiro chozikidwa pa chiopsezo cha ndalama zosachepera 50 peresenti ya malipiro a penshoni, zomwe sizidaliranso kuchuluka kwa zaka zomwe wantchitoyo wagwira ntchito. Izi ndi kusintha kwenikweni kwa antchito achichepere omwe ali ndi ntchito yochepa, omwe anzawo omwe kale ankalandira zochepa kwambiri. Zimachotsanso chisokonezo chomwe chakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa mulingo wa chivundikiro susiyananso pakati pa mapulojekiti m'njira zomwe palibe amene angayerekezere. Chivundikiro chozikidwa pa chiopsezo chili ndi malire akuthwa: sichikhala ndi phindu chikatha. Chivundikiro chimatha ntchito ikatha, ndipo lamuloli limapereka nthawi yoyambira pambuyo pake, chivundikiro chopitilira nthawi yonse yomwe wantchito wakale amalandira thandizo la ulova, komanso ufulu wosunga chivundikirocho mwaufulu. Chiwopsezo chenicheni chimakhala ndi anthu omwe asintha ntchito, amadzilemba okha ntchito kapena amapuma pantchito ndipo sawerenga kalata yomwe ikufotokoza izi. Pensheni ya ana amasiye imachepetsedwanso, yokhala ndi zaka makumi awiri mphambu zisanu, kotero mkangano wakale wokhudza ngati mwana akadali kuphunzira umatha.Ndalama zonse zomwe zimaperekedwa panthawi yopuma pantchito sizikupezekabe
Pakadali pano palibe ufulu wovomerezeka wotenga gawo la penshoni yanu ya ku Netherlands ngati ndalama zonse mukapuma pantchito. Mwayiwu unapangidwa ndi Wet bedrag ineens, RVU en verlofsparen, koma gawo la ndalama zonse la lamuloli silinayambe lagwiritsidwa ntchito. Wet herziening bedrag ineens, yomwe imasintha, ikadalipo Eerste Kamer isanachitike, ndipo boma lasuntha tsiku loyambira ntchito kukhala 1 Januware 2029. Kuyamba ntchito ndi koninklijk besluit (lamulo lachifumu), kotero tsikulo ndi cholinga osati chotsimikizika. Izi ndizofunikira kwa olemba ntchito ndi opereka chithandizo omwe akulemba kulumikizana kwa antchito tsopano. Kuuza antchito kuti azitha kutenga 10% ya ndalama ndi nthawi yoyambirira, ndipo zikalata za dongosolo zomwe zikuganiza kuti ufulu ulipo kale ziyenera kukonzedwa. Ngati ndi nthawi yomwe mwayiwu ufika, momwe udzakhalire wokongola zidzadalira kwambiri msonkho wa ndalama ndi zotsatira za phindu m'chaka cholipira. Limenelo ndi funso la mlangizi wa misonkho osati loya, ndipo tikunena momveka bwino kwa makasitomala omwe amafunsa.Zaka zopuma pantchito, kupuma pantchito msanga komanso kupuma pantchito pang'onopang'ono
Zaka za AOW zimakhazikitsidwa ndi lamulo ndipo zimayenderana ndi nthawi ya moyo, ndipo lamulo limafuna kuti zilengezedwe zaka zisanu pasadakhale, kotero palibe amene angakumane ndi kusintha kwa zaka zisanu kuchokera pamene munthu wapuma pantchito. Pensheni ya ntchito ili ndi tsiku lake la kupuma pantchito, lomwe siliyenera kugwirizana ndi tsiku la AOW. Mapulani ambiri amalola kuti penshoni ibweretsedwe kapena kuchedwetsedwa ndi kusintha kwa actuarial, ndipo ambiri amalola kuti itengedwe pang'ono pamene wantchito akupitiriza kugwira ntchito nthawi yochepa. Pa ntchito yovuta, mapangano a anthu onse nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito dongosolo lolamulira la kupuma pantchito (makonzedwe a penshoni oyambirira), pomwe olemba ntchito amalipira ndalama zochepetsera nthawiyo mpaka tsiku la penshoni. Kaya dongosolo lotere ndi lotsika mtengo kumadalira kukhululukidwa kwakanthawi m'malamulo amisonkho, ndi ndalama zocheperako komanso tsiku lotha lomwe lakhazikitsidwa ndi nyumba yamalamulo. Tsimikizani zomwe zikuchitika pano ndi mlangizi wamisonkho musanavomereze mgwirizano wa anthu onse kapena mgwirizano.Tsiku lomaliza, zikalata ndi zomwe olemba ntchito ayenera kuchita tsopano
Tsiku lomaliza ndi 1 Januwale 2028. Ndondomeko iliyonse iyenera kutsatira malamulo atsopano pofika nthawiyo. Kuwonjezera tsiku limenelo kunaperekedwa ndi lamulo lina lomwe Eerste Kamer idavomereza pa 2 Disembala 2025, lomwe linasinthanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa masiku osinthira kukhala algemene maatregel van bestuur (dongosolo la bungwe), kotero nthawi yake ikhoza kusinthidwanso popanda njira yonse yamalamulo. Zikalata zitatu zili ndi kusinthaku. Ndondomeko yosinthira (dongosolo losinthira) ndi udindo wa olemba ntchito ndipo imalongosola ndondomeko yatsopanoyi, zifukwa zoisankhira, zotsatira zake pa gulu lililonse ndi malipiro. Ndondomeko yokhazikitsa (dongosolo lokhazikitsa) ndi ya woperekayo ndipo imapita ku De Nederlandsche Bank. Kulankhulana ndi antchito ndi udindo wovomerezeka mwalamulo, ndipo nthawi zambiri imasiyidwa mpaka itachedwa kwambiri kuti ikhale yothandiza. Macheke awiri amabwera poyamba. Dziwani ngati kampani yanu ili pansi pa thumba la penshoni lokakamizidwa la mafakitale onse (verplichtgesteld bedrijfstakpensioenfonds), chifukwa ngati itero, nthawi ya thumba imalamulira ndipo ufulu wanu wosankha ndi wochepa. Kenako dziwani amene ayenera kuvomereza. Ndondomeko ya penshoni ndi nthawi yogwira ntchito: kusintha kumafuna mgwirizano, ndipo ngati ndondomekoyi siili ndi mgwirizano wapagulu, bungwe la ntchito lili ndi ufulu wovomereza malinga ndi nkhani 27 ya Wet op de ondernemingsraden. Kusintha komwe kumapititsidwa popanda chilolezo kumakhala kotseguka kuti kutsutsidwe nthawi yayitali tsiku losinthira litadutsa.Kumene kusinthaku sikukuyenda bwino
Cholakwika chofala kwambiri ndikuwona pa 1 Januwale 2028 ngati nthawi yoyambira. Ndalama, makampani a inshuwaransi ndi akatswiri a actuaries amagwira ntchito pamzere, ndipo wolemba ntchito amene akuyamba chaka chomaliza amapeza malo abwino ogwirira ntchito ndipo chipinda chokambirana chatha. Chachiwiri ndikuwona kusinthaku ngati ntchito yoyang'anira dipatimenti yolipira m'malo mosintha malamulo a ntchito, komwe mavuto a chilolezo ndi upangiri amayamba. Pambuyo pake, njirayo ndi yodziwika bwino. Malipiro a gulu lapakati amalonjezedwa mwachidule koma sawerengedwa. Chivundikiro cha opulumuka chimaloledwa kutha munthu akasintha ntchito. Ndalama zonse zimalonjezedwa zomwe sizilipo. Antchito ochokera kumayiko ena amasiyidwa ku kusanthula konse, ngakhale kuti kutumizidwa kuntchito kapena kusamukira kunja kungadziwe ngati dongosolo la Dutch likupitirirabe. Chilichonse mwa izi n'chosavuta kupewa kuposa kukonza.Law and More imalangiza olemba ntchito, mabungwe ogwira ntchito, mabungwe a penshoni ndi omwe akutenga nawo mbali payekhapayekha kuti asinthe dongosololi, kuyambira pa dongosolo losinthira ndi njira ya bungwe la ogwira ntchito mpaka mikangano yokhudza invaren ndi yokhudza chiwongola dzanja cha opulumuka. Timagwira ntchito mu Chidatchi ndi Chingerezi ndipo timafotokoza momwe malamulo amakhalira popanda kuvala bwino. Onani mwachidule zathu za lamulo la penshoni ndi athu malangizo a malamulo okhudza ntchitokapena kukhudzana Law & More kukambirana za ndondomeko yanu.MAFUNSO OFUNSIDWA KAWIRIKAWIRI
Kodi mizati itatu ya dongosolo la penshoni ku Netherlands ndi iti?
Lamulo la penshoni ku Netherlands limamangidwa pazipilala zitatu: penshoni ya boma (AOW), penshoni yantchito yoperekedwa ndi olemba ntchito, ndi makonzedwe a penshoni yaumwini. Dongosololi likusintha kuchoka pa makonzedwe athunthu kupita ku maakaunti ambiri a penshoni ya munthu payekha pomwe likugawana zoopsa zina pamodzi.
Kodi zaka zomwe munthu amapereka pa penshoni zikusintha bwanji malinga ndi malamulo atsopano?
Pansi pa dongosolo latsopanoli, gawo lomwelo la malipiro limapita ku penshoni ya wantchito mosasamala kanthu za msinkhu wake, m'malo mwa njira yakale pomwe antchito okalamba amalandira ndalama zambiri zopereka. Cholinga chake ndikuchotsa tsankho la zaka pakuwonjezeka kwa penshoni ndikupangitsa dongosololi kukhala lomveka bwino kwa aliyense.
Kodi zaka za penshoni za boma (AOW) zikukwerabe?
Inde, zaka za penshoni za boma zikupitirira kukwera mogwirizana ndi nthawi ya moyo, ndipo malamulo atsopano a penshoni amasintha momwe zaka izi zimagwirizanirana ndi mapulani a penshoni pantchito ndikukulitsa njira zochepetsera pang'onopang'ono penshoni.
Kodi kusintha kwa penshoni kumakhudza bwanji antchito omwe penshoni yawo imadalira zotsatira za ndalama zomwe adayika?
Mapindu a ogwira ntchito nthawi zambiri amadalira zotsatira za ndalama zomwe adayika m'malo mwa ndalama zokhazikika, zotsimikizika pamodzi, zomwe zingawonjezere phindu lomwe lingabwere komanso zimabweretsa kusatsimikizika kwakukulu. Ogwira ntchito akulimbikitsidwa kumvetsetsa njira zomwe angasankhe zoopsa kuti athe kusankha zomwe zikugwirizana ndi momwe alili.
Kodi anthu odzilemba okha ntchito ku Netherlands ayenera kuganizira chiyani motsatira malamulo atsopano a penshoni?
Malamulo atsopanowa angatsegule khomo kwa anthu odzilemba ntchito kuti alowe nawo m'mabungwe a penshoni, koma ndikofunikirabe kusunga ndalama zokwanira zopuma pantchito paokha kudzera muzinthu za penshoni zomwe zilipo kapena maakaunti osungira ndalama, popeza palibe chopereka cha olemba ntchito chodalira.
