Bwana amene akukhulupirira kuti wantchito sakugwira bwino ntchito akukumana ndi vuto: kodi mungatani kuti muthane ndi vutoli popanda kuphwanya malamulo? Chigamulo chaposachedwa cha Khoti Lalikulu la Limburg (ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2026:5188) chikuwonetsa zomwe zimachitika ngati bwana asiya njira imeneyo ndikuyamba kutsatira njira yoopsa kwambiri yomwe ilipo motsatira lamulo la ntchito ku Netherlands: kuchotsedwa ntchito mwachangu (ontslag op staande voet). Lamulo lomwe linaperekedwa chifukwa cha cholakwika chimenecho linakhala lalikulu.
Zoona zake
Wantchitoyo, wobadwa mu 1968, anali kugwira ntchito yogwetsa nyumba ku kampani yomanga kuyambira mu Novembala 2024. Pangano lake la ntchito lokhazikika linali litawonjezeredwa chaka china mu Novembala 2025. Zinthu zinali zovuta payekha: kuvulala kwa bondo kosatha kunamupangitsa kutseka bizinesi yake yotsuka mawindo ya munthu mmodzi, zomwe zinamupangitsa kuti asathe kulipira ndalama zogulira galimoto yokwera anthu olumala yomwe anabwereka mwana wake wamkazi. Atapempha abwana ake kuti amupatse ngongole kapena malipiro, pempholo linakanidwa. Pambuyo pake galimotoyo inagulitsidwa pamsika, zomwe zinamusiya ndi ngongole yotsala.
Pa 12 Januwale 2026, bwanayo adamuchotsa ntchito mwachangu. Kalata yomuchotsa ntchitoyo inanena za madandaulo omwe analipo okhudza liwiro la ntchito yake, kulembetsa nthawi, malingaliro ake ndi chilimbikitso chake, komanso kusasintha ngakhale adachenjezedwa kale. Wantchitoyo adatsutsa zonsezi ndipo adati sanalandirepo chenjezo lovomerezeka kapena dongosolo lenileni lokonzanso.
Kusagwira bwino ntchito sikutanthauza kuchotsedwa ntchito mwachangu
Khoti lachigawo chaching'ono linachepetsa chitetezo cha olemba ntchito. Chifukwa chofunikira chomwe chili mkati mwa tanthauzo la Gawo 7:677 la Dutch Civil Code chimafuna kuti wantchito azichita zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosamveka kuyembekezera kuti abwana apitirize ubale wawo ndi ntchito. Kuchita bwino sikukwaniritsa malire amenewo, makamaka pamene zomwe zili mu kalata yochotsa ntchito sizikumveka bwino komanso sizikutsimikiziridwa.
Khotilo linagogomezera kuti lamulo la ku Netherlands limafuna kuti olemba ntchito omwe akufuna kuchotsa wantchito chifukwa chosagwira bwino ntchito ayambe apereka mwayi weniweni komanso wowona kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino. Izi zikutanthauza dongosolo lokhazikika lowongolera, kuwunika kwakanthawi, komanso kumveka bwino za zotsatira zake ngati kusintha sikungatheke. Palibe chilichonse mwa izi chomwe chawonetsedwa pano. Ndipotu, panganoli linawonjezeredwa kwa chaka china osakwana miyezi iwiri kuchotsedwa ntchito, zomwe zikusokoneza chithunzi cha wantchito wosagwira ntchito bwino.
Chifukwa chake khotilo linagamula kuti kuchotsedwa kwa chigamulochi sikunali kovomerezeka ndi lamulo.
Bilu: mphoto zitatu zosiyana
Popeza wantchitoyo anavomereza kuchotsedwa ntchito kwake m'malo mopempha kuti kuthetsedwe, ngakhale kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito kwake kunakhala kosaloledwa, khoti lachigawo chaching'ono linamupatsa ndalama zitatu zosiyana nthawi imodzi.
Choyamba, ndalama zolipirira zomwe zakhazikitsidwa motsatira Gawo 7:672(11) la Dutch Civil Code: malipiro omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa nthawi yodziwitsa omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochotsa ntchito nthawi zonse. Pankhaniyi, chifukwa cha mgwirizano wa ogwira ntchito womwe umayamba kugwira ntchito kumapeto kwa sabata ya kalendala, ndalama zomwe zinali zokwana ma euro opitilira zikwi zinayi.
Chachiwiri, malipiro osinthidwa mwalamulo. Chifukwa chofulumira sichili chofanana ndi khalidwe loipa kwambiri la wantchito, ndipo popeza palibe chifukwa chofulumira chomwe chinapezeka, panalibe chifukwa chokana malipiro osinthidwawo.
Chilango chachikulu kwambiri chinali chindapusa choyenera (billijke vergoeding) motsatira Gawo 7:681 la Dutch Civil Code, lomwe khotilo linaika pa ndalama zokwana ma euro opitilira 23,000, zomwe ndi malipiro a miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Powerengera ndalamazi, khotilo linaganizira kuti wantchitoyo mwadzidzidzi anayenera kufunafuna ntchito yatsopano popanda nthawi yosinthira, kuti kuyambira pamenepo adapeza ntchito koma kudzera mu bungwe la nthawi yochepa ndipo motero mopanda chitetezo, kuti anafunikira ma fomu ambiri ofunsira ntchito, ndipo kuti abwanawo anapewa dala njira yoyenera yowongolera magwiridwe antchito mwa kugwiritsa ntchito kuchotsedwa ntchito molakwika. Khotilo linaganiziranso za mavuto azachuma a wantchitoyo, omwe adakambirana kale ndi abwana ake.
Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani kwa olemba ntchito
Chigamulochi ndi chenjezo lomveka bwino. Kusakhutira ndi momwe wantchito amagwirira ntchito, ngakhale kusakhutira kungakhale koyenera, si chilolezo chochotsa ntchito mwachangu. Bwana amene akufuna kuchotsa wantchito chifukwa chosagwira ntchito bwino ayenera choyamba kutsatira njira yokhazikika: yeniyeni, ndemanga zolembedwa, dongosolo lowongolera lokhala ndi zolinga zomveka bwino komanso nthawi yake, komanso kuwunika kwakanthawi. Njira imeneyi ikangoyenda popanda zotsatira zake, kuthetsa ubale wantchito kumakhala njira yabwino, ndipo ngakhale pamenepo kudzera munjira yoyenera yovomerezeka, osati kudzera mu njira yoopsa kwambiri yochotsera ntchito mwachangu.
Bwana amene amanyalanyaza mwadala njira imeneyi sangakhale ndi chiopsezo chongochotsa ntchito, komanso chowona kuti ndi mlandu waukulu. Malipiro oyenera omwe angabwere chifukwa cha izi akhoza kupitirira mtengo wa njira yokonzanso yomwe yachitidwa bwino. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, khama limapindulitsa kwambiri.
MAFUNSO OFUNSIDWA KAWIRIKAWIRI
Kodi n’chiyani chimaonedwa ngati chifukwa chachikulu chochotsera munthu ntchito mwamsanga?
Chifukwa chadzidzidzi ndi chochita, khalidwe kapena mtundu wa khalidwe la wantchito lomwe ndi lalikulu kwambiri kotero kuti olemba ntchito sangayembekezeredwe kupitiriza ubale wantchito. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo kuba, chinyengo kapena nkhanza zazikulu. Zochitika zonse za mlanduwu zimaganiziridwa, kuphatikizapo mtundu ndi nthawi ya ntchitoyo komanso momwe wantchitoyo alili.
Kodi kusachita bwino kungalungamitse kuchotsedwa ntchito mwachangu?
Ayi, kusagwira bwino ntchito kokha si chifukwa chofunikira mwamsanga. Malamulo aku Dutch amafuna njira yapadera yochotsera ntchito chifukwa cha ntchito, yomwe poyamba wantchito ayenera kupatsidwa mwayi weniweni woti asinthe. Bwana amene amadutsa njira imeneyo n’kusiya ntchitoyo mwachidule amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chakuti khoti lingathetse kuchotsedwa ntchitoko kapena, monga momwe zilili pankhaniyi, kuti wantchitoyo avomere kuchotsedwa ntchito koma akadali ndi malipiro.
Kodi olemba ntchito ayenera kuchita chiyani ngati wantchito sakugwira bwino ntchito?
Bwana ayenera kuzindikira kusagwira bwino ntchito kwake mwatsatanetsatane komanso m'malemba, kukambirana ndi wantchitoyo, ndikupereka dongosolo lowongolera lomwe lili ndi zolinga zomveka bwino komanso nthawi yoyenera. Njira imeneyi iyenera kuwunikidwa pakapita nthawi, ndipo wantchitoyo ayenera kudziwitsidwa za zotsatira zake ngati kusintha sikukuchitika. Njirayi ikangotha popanda zotsatirapo, ndiye kuti kuthetsa ubale wa ntchito kumakhala njira yeniyeni.
Kodi kusiyana pakati pa malipiro osinthira ndi malipiro oyenera ndi kotani?
Malipiro osinthira ndi malipiro okhazikika pa malamulo, omwe kwenikweni amafunika nthawi iliyonse yomwe olemba ntchito ayambitsa ntchito yothetsa ntchito, pokhapokha ngati wantchitoyo wachita zinthu molakwika. Malipiro oyenera ndi malipiro owonjezera omwe khothi lingapereke ngati olemba ntchitowo achita zinthu molakwika, mwachitsanzo pochotsa ntchito mosaloledwa. Ndalama zake zimatsimikiziridwa pa nkhani iliyonse ndipo zimaganizira, pakati pa zinthu zina, kutayika kwa ndalama kwa wantchito.
Kodi wantchito angavomereze kuchotsedwa ntchito koma akalandirabe malipiro?
Inde. Wantchito angasankhe kusapempha kuti kuchotsedwa ntchito kuthetsedwe, koma m'malo mwake avomereze kutha kwa ubale wantchito ndikupempha khothi kuti lipereke ndalama zokhazikika zomwe zakhazikitsidwa ndi lamulo, malipiro osinthira, komanso, ngati kuli koyenera, malipiro oyenera. Ndicho chimene chinachitika pankhaniyi.
Pomaliza
Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsa kufunika koti olemba ntchito atsatire njira yoyenera pothana ndi kusagwira bwino ntchito, komanso momwe zingawonongere ndalama ngati njirayo inyalanyazidwa. Ngati ndinu olemba ntchito omwe akugwira ntchito ndi wantchito wosagwira bwino ntchito, kapena wantchito amene akuchotsedwa ntchito mwachangu, chonde musazengereze kulankhulana nafe. Law & More kuti mupeze upangiri wogwirizana ndi vuto lanu.
