Mapangano ogulira magetsi ku Netherlands: kapangidwe kake, zoopsa zake ndi lamulo lomwe limagwira ntchito

Pangano logula magetsi tsopano ndi njira yachizolowezi yomwe kampani ingagulire magetsi obwezerezedwanso ku Netherlands pamtengo wodziwika bwino kwa zaka khumi kapena khumi ndi zisanu, komanso njira yachizolowezi yomwe wopanga magetsi amphepo kapena dzuwa angasonkhanitsire ndalama. Bukuli likufotokoza za kapangidwe kake, mawu omwe amasankha zotsatira zamalonda, ndi dongosolo lolamulira pansi pa Energiewet. Lalembedwa mbali zonse ziwiri za tebulo.

Kodi PPA ndi chiyani, ndipo chifukwa chiyani makampani amalowa nawo

Pangano logula magetsi (PPA) ndi mgwirizano wa nthawi yayitali pakati pa mayiko awiri wogulitsira magetsi kuchokera ku malo enaake kupita kwa wogula wina pamtengo womwe mwagwirizana pasadakhale. Si mgwirizano wopereka magetsi: mgwirizano wopereka magetsi umawononga ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtengo wokwera kwambiri, pomwe PPA imakonza zachuma za siteshoni imodzi yamagetsi motsutsana ndi zomwe wogula m'modzi akufuna kwa zaka khumi kapena kuposerapo.

Makampani amasaina ma PPA pazifukwa zitatu, ndipo chomwe chimayang'anira chiyenera kutsogolera dongosololi.

• Kutsimikizika kwa mtengo. Mtengo wokhazikika kapena wolumikizidwa ndi index wa voliyumu yodziwika bwino umachotsa mzere wa kusakhazikika kwa bajeti.
• Kumangirira. PPA ndi njira yakale yodziwira ngati ikuonedwa ngati imodzi mwa izo ndi funso losiyana.
• Chikalata chobwezerezedwanso. Wogula akufuna kunena, mokhutiritsa wowerengera ndalama, kuti ntchito zake ku Netherlands zimagwiritsa ntchito magetsi ongowonjezedwanso kuchokera ku malo atsopano omwe ndalama zake zidathandizira kumanga.

Kwa wopanga mapulogalamu, mfundo zake n'zosavuta: PPA yodalirika yokhala ndi wobwereketsa woyenerera kubweza ngongole imasintha chiopsezo cha mtengo wamalonda kukhala ndalama zomwe zaperekedwa, ndipo ndicho chimene wobwereketsa amalimbana nacho.

Kapangidwe kake, ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pawo

PPA yakuthupi kapena yamanja

Magetsi amaperekedwa mwachindunji ku mita ya wogula, koma osati mwachindunji. Jenereta imagulitsa kwa wogulitsa wovomerezeka kapena gulu lochita malonda, lomwe limayika kuchuluka kwa magetsi mu mgwirizano wa wogula, limayika bwino malo ndi ma invoice pamtengo wa PPA kuphatikiza ndalama zolipirira.

Chofooka chake ndi ndalama zogulira zinthu, komwe ndi komwe chiopsezo cha mawonekedwe chimayikidwa mtengo ndipo nthawi zambiri chimalembedwa kapena kutsegulidwanso. PPA ndi dongosolo la kugula zinthu ziyenera kukhala motsatizana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu, kuchepetsa mphamvu ndi mphamvu, kapena wogula akakhala pamalo opanda kanthu.

Waya wachinsinsi kapena PPA yomwe ili pamalopo

Kukhazikitsa kumakhala pamalo a wogula kapena pafupi ndi malo ake, kolumikizidwa ndi chingwe chomwe sichili mbali ya gridi ya anthu onse. Chifukwa magetsi salowa mu dongosolo lotumizira kapena kugawa, ndalama za netiweki komanso msonkho wamagetsi womwe ungachitike pa voliyumuyo umachepa, komwe ndi komwe malonda amayendera.

Vuto ndi malamulo. Chingwe chopita kwa kasitomala m'modzi chikhoza kuonedwa ngati chingwe cholunjika, chomwe chimafuna chidziwitso (nkhani 3.9 Energiewet). Netiweki yotumikira ogwiritsa ntchito angapo ingakhale njira yogawa yotsekedwa yomwe imafuna kuzindikira (nkhani 3.6 ndi 3.7 Energiewet). Konzani magulu a chingwecho musanayike.

PPA yeniyeni kapena yachuma

Palibe magetsi omwe amayenda pakati pa magulu awiriwa. Jenereta imagulitsa mphamvu zake pamsika, wogula amagula kuchokera kwa omwe adapereka kale, ndipo magulu awiriwa amakonza mgwirizano wosiyana ndi mtengo wotchulidwa, nthawi zambiri mtengo wa ku Netherlands womwe umakhalapo tsiku lotsatira. Wogula amalipira kusiyana komwe kulipo; pamwamba pake jenereta amalipira. Zitsimikizo za chiyambi zimasamutsidwa padera.

Zimakwanira ogula omwe ali ndi malo m'maiko angapo kapena mamita ang'onoang'ono ambiri, ndipo mosakayikira ndi chida chandalama.

Mawonekedwe: kulipira monga momwe zapangidwira, kulipira monga momwe zagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso kunyamula katundu

Chiwopsezo cha mawonekedwe ndiye mtima wamalonda wa zokambirana, komanso komwe ogula osadziwa zambiri amataya ndalama.

• Lipirani monga momwe zapangidwira. Wogula amatenga ndikulipira chilichonse chomwe chapangidwa ndi kukhazikitsa. Jeneretayo ilibe chiopsezo cha kuchuluka kwa magetsi; wogulayo amanyamula mbiri yake, ndipo mphamvu ya dzuwa imafika pamene mitengo yake ili yotsika kwambiri.
• Lipirani monga momwe mwagwiritsira ntchito. Wogula amalipira kokha chifukwa cha kupanga zinthu mogwirizana ndi zomwe akufuna. Kuchuluka kwa zinthuzo kumachepa, wogulitsa amakula, ndipo mtengo umakwera moyenerera.
• Kudzaza maziko. Wogulitsa amadzipereka kuti apereke ndalama zokwanira nthawi iliyonse yolipira, kugula zinthu zochepa ndikugulitsa zochulukirapo. Zimafanana ndi pangano lachikhalidwe, koma wogulitsayo akuchita bizinesi yosintha zinthu ndipo amalipiritsa.

Mitengo ya zinthu zomwe zakwera kwambiri pamitundu yonse itatuyi si yofanana, ndipo kuwachitira zinthu mopanda tsankho kudzasankha mtengo wolakwika. Mitengo ya zinthu zomwe zagulidwa yakhala ikutsika pamene mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi mphepo ikuwonjezedwa, ndipo PPA yolipidwa yomwe imaperekedwa imapatsa wogulayo mphamvu yonse.

Zitsimikizo za chiyambi ndi zopempha zobwezerezedwanso

Kupempha kwa kampani kuti ibwezeretsedwe ku Netherlands kumadalira chitsimikizo cha chiyambi (zitsimikizo za van oorsprong), osati ma elekitironi: magetsi omwe ali pa gridi amatha kupangidwa, ndipo satifiketiyo ndi chida chotsatirira. Energiewet imagwira nawo ntchito m'nkhani 2.57 mpaka 2.61. Nkhani 2.57 ikukhudza chitsimikizochi ngati umboni wa kupanga zinthu zobwezeretsedwe, nkhani 2.58 imayika ntchitozo kwa Nduna ndipo imalola kuti zipatsidwe udindo, ndipo nkhani 2.59 imayang'anira kuletsa.

Kaundulayu amayendetsedwa ndi VertiCer BV (yomwe kale inali CertiQ), bungwe lomwe lidasankhidwa kuti lipereke chitsimikizo cha chiyambi motsatira nkhani 2.58 Energiewet, ya gasi komanso magetsi. VertiCer idakhazikitsidwa pa 1 Januwale 2023 pophatikizana kwa CertiQ BV, kampani yothandizana ndi TenneT, ndi Vertogas BV, kampani yothandizana ndi Gasunie, ndipo ndi mgwirizano womwe TenneT TSO BV ndi Gasunie Certification Holding BV zonse zili ndi 50 peresenti. Imapereka, kusamutsa ndi kuletsa chitsimikizo cha chiyambi cha kampani iliyonse yonyamula mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso. Kupanga kumayesedwa ndi gulu lodziwika bwino la kuyeza ndipo kumanenedwa ku kaundula, ndipo chitsimikizo chimodzi cha chiyambi chimaperekedwa pa megawatt-ola. Zikalata zimakhala m'maakaunti a eni maakaunti, zimasamutsidwa pakompyuta, ndipo zimathetsedwa zikagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira zomwe zanenedwa.

• PPA iyenera kunena momveka bwino kuti chitsimikizo cha kusamutsa komwe kumachokera, kuchuluka kwake, nthawi yake komanso ku akaunti iti. Kusalankhula kwa PPA pa satifiketi sikupereka chiwongola dzanja chobwezerezedwanso.
• Zikalata zimakhala ndi nthawi yochepa, kotero kusamutsa mochedwa kumawononga mtengo wake. Chitsimikizo cha chiyambi chimataya mphamvu yake chikachotsedwa, ndipo mulimonsemo miyezi khumi ndi iwiri yomaliza kuchokera tsiku lomaliza la kupanga komwe kukugwirizana ndi izi. Konzani nthawi yomaliza yosamutsa yomwe ili mkati mwa nthawi imeneyo, komanso njira yothetsera kulephera.
• Ngati magetsi aperekedwa mwanjira ina osati kudzera pa gridi, chitsimikizo cha komwe magetsi akuchokera chimangokhala umboni wa kupezeka kwa wogwiritsa ntchito wolumikizidwa ku mzere womwewo, kapena kwa wogwiritsa ntchito amene mphamvuyo yaperekedwa mwachindunji.
• Zikalata zomwe zaperekedwa kwina ku European Union ndizodziwika bwino pano (nkhani 2.60 Energiewet). Wogula amene malipoti ake amafuna zikalata zaku Dutch, za polojekiti kapena zogwirizana ndi nthawi ayenera kunena zimenezo.

Malamulo amalonda omwe amasankha mgwirizanowu

Nthawi, kuchuluka ndi kutumiza mopitirira muyeso kapena moperewera

Ma PPA amakampani aku Dutch nthawi zambiri amakhala zaka khumi mpaka khumi ndi zisanu, chifukwa cha ngongole osati chifukwa cha kukonzekera kwa wogula. Kuchuluka kwa ndalama kumafotokozedwa ngati zonse zomwe zaperekedwa kuchokera ku kukhazikitsa kotchulidwa, monga gawo lake, kapena ngati kuchuluka kwa pachaka kokhazikika ndi bande yolekerera. Zotsatira za kusowa bande ziyenera kufotokozedwa momveka bwino.

Kutumiza kosakwanira nthawi zambiri kumakonzedwa ndi wogulitsa amene amagula mphamvu yosinthira pamsika ndipo kusiyana kwake kumatengera malire a pachaka. Kutumiza kopitirira muyeso ndi chithunzi chowonekera ndipo nthawi zambiri sichimayankhidwa konse: wogula yemwe ali ndi kuchuluka kokhazikika pachaka komanso chaka cha mphepo yamphamvu ayenera kudziwa ngati ayenera kutenga zochulukirapo.

Mtengo ndi kuwerengera

Mitengo imayikidwa molingana ndi mawu wamba kapena imayikidwa m'ndandanda, nthawi zambiri kutengera kukwera mtengo kwa mitengo ya ogula. Kukwera mtengo kwa mitengo kumawoneka kopanda vuto kwa chaka chimodzi ndipo kumasintha kwa zaka khumi ndi zisanu. Ngati pansi kapena kolala yavomerezedwa, dziwani bwino ngati ikugwirizana ndi mtengo wa mgwirizano, mtengo wofotokozera kapena ndalama zomwe mwalipira: atatuwa amapereka mayankho osiyanasiyana.

Kulinganiza udindo

Chiyanjano chilichonse mu dongosolo la Dutch chiyenera kukhala ndi gulu loyang'anira bwino, lomwe likufotokozedwa mu nkhani 2.42 Energiewet. Ndalama zosakwanira ndi ndalama zenizeni komanso zosasinthasintha. Mu kapangidwe ka manja, gulu lokhala ndi manja nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi udindo ndipo limaika mtengo wake mu chiwongola dzanja; mu kapangidwe ka thupi mwachindunji, magulu ayenera kuugawa mwachindunji; mu PPA yeniyeni imakhalabe pomwe ili. PPA yomwe sitchula gulu limenelo yasiya ndalama zomwe zilipo zokha.

Mitengo yotsika mtengo komanso yoipa

Ichi tsopano ndi chiopsezo chachikulu pamsika waku Netherlands ndipo chiyenera kugawidwa mwachindunji.

Choyamba, kuchepetsa , ndi kuchepetsa zomwe zatuluka. Zingalandiridwe ndi woyendetsa makina, kutsatira kasamalidwe ka kuchuluka kwa zinthu kapena mgwirizano wosinthasintha woyendera, chifukwa cha wogula, kapena chisankho cha jenereta mwiniwake. Chifukwa chilichonse chiyenera kukhala ndi zotsatira zake: kupanga komwe kumaonedwa kuti ndi kocheperako, poganizira kuchuluka komwe kwaperekedwa ngati kolipira, ndi komwe wogula adayambitsa, osati komwe woyendetsa makina adachita.

Mitengo yoipa imayamba pamene kupanga magetsi kukupitirira kufunikira, ndipo ku Netherlands tsopano kumachitika nthawi zonse pamasiku a dzuwa, mphepo, komanso omwe safuna zambiri. Mgwirizanowu uyenera kuyankha mafunso atatu: kodi jenereta ikupitiriza kupanga magetsi; kodi mtengo wa PPA ukadali wolipira; ndi ndani amene ali ndi ndalama zotayira magetsi. Kuyambira pa 1 Okutobala 2025 msika wa ku Netherlands womwe ukubwera tsiku lomwelo umakhala mu nthawi ya kotala la ola, kotero kupanga magetsi ozungulira ma ola limodzi kwatha kale.

Kulumikizana kwa gridi ndi kutsekeka kwa gridi

Tsiku lolumikizira ndilo limayendetsa pangano lonse. PPA pa ntchito yosamangidwa ndi lonjezo lokhudza kulumikizana kwamtsogolo, ndipo maudindo a kulumikizana kwa Energiewet (nkhani 3.38 yamagetsi) satsimikizira kuti pali mphamvu zoyendera. Mbali zazikulu za netiweki yaku Netherlands zili ndi anthu ambiri, ndipo ogwira ntchito m'makina amagula ntchito zoyang'anira kuchuluka kwa magetsi (nkhani 3.29 Energiewet) chifukwa mphamvu ndi yochepa.

Choncho: pangani kulumikizana ndi mphamvu yoyendera yomwe mwagwirizana kukhala chitsanzo; ikani tsiku loyima nthawi yayitali ndi nthawi yoyenda bwino m'malo moyimitsa kosatha; ndipo fotokozani zomwe zingachitike ngati polojekitiyi ikuyenda pa nthawi yoyenda yosinthasintha kapena yokhazikika, chifukwa zimenezo zimasintha mbiri yomwe wogula amalandira.

Kusintha kwa lamulo, kusintha kwa ndalama zothandizira ndi SDE++

Mgwirizano wa zaka khumi ndi zisanu ukugwira ntchito kuposa momwe malamulo amanenera. Energiewet ikutsimikizira mfundo iyi: gawo lalikulu la mgwirizanowu linayamba kugwira ntchito pa 1 Januwale 2026, ndipo gawo lina linayamba kugwira ntchito pa 1 Julayi 2026, ndipo lamulo la Elektriciteitswet la 1998 linatha ntchito pa 1 Januwale 2026. Kusintha kwa lamulo kuyenera kusiyanitsa kusintha kosankhana komwe kukuyang'ana m'badwo uno ndi kusintha kwakukulu pamsika, ndikunena ngati njira yothetsera vutoli ndi kusintha kwa mitengo, kukambirananso kapena kuthetsa.

Pamene pulojekitiyi ilinso ndi ndalama zothandizira ntchito pansi pa SDE++ , mgwirizanowu umafunika chithandizo chofulumira. SDE++ imalipira kusiyana pakati pa ndalama zoyambira ndi ndalama zowongolera zomwe zikuwonetsa mtengo wapakati wa mphamvu pamsika, kotero ndalama zothandizira ndi mtengo wa PPA sizili zodziyimira pawokha. Ndalama zothandizira zimasungidwanso mu nthawi zotsika mtengo, malinga ndi nthawi yosiyana ndi chaka chopereka: pa ndalama zothandizira kuyambira 2016 mpaka 2022 zimatayika pomwe mtengo wake umakhala wotsika kwa maola asanu ndi limodzi otsatizana, pa zoyika kuyambira 500 kW ndi ma turbine amphepo kuyambira 3 MW; pa ndalama zothandizira kuyambira 2023 kupita mtsogolo zimatayika nthawi iliyonse yotsika mtengo, pa zoyika kuyambira 200 kW pa kulumikizana kulikonse. Kuyambira 1 Okutobala 2025 mayeso awa amagwira ntchito pa kotala la ola, ndipo PPA yomwe imafuna jenereta kupereka mitengo yotsika mtengo ikhoza kuwononga ndalama zothandizira.

Thandizo la ngongole: chitsimikizo cha kholo ndi banki

Kuchuluka kwa ngongole kwa wobwereketsa kumatsimikiza ngati polojekitiyo ithandizidwa: wobwereketsa ndalama zomwe zalembedwa ndi mgwirizano zimathandizira wogula kuti azitha kulipira kwa zaka khumi ndi zisanu. Ngati bungwe lobwereketsa ndi kampani ya ku Netherlands ya gulu lakunja, yembekezerani chitsimikizo cha kampani yayikulu kuchokera ku bungwe lovomerezeka, chitsimikizo cha banki, kapena chikole cha ndalama chofanana ndi miyezi yokhazikika ya mtengo wa mgwirizano. Kambiranani zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli mozama ngati ndalamazo, ndipo funsani funso lomwelo mobwerezabwereza: wogulitsa nthawi zambiri amakhala galimoto yopyapyala yogwiritsidwa ntchito mwapadera.

Zofunikira za wobwereketsa ndi mgwirizano wolunjika

PPA yokhudza katundu wothandizidwa ndi polojekiti ndi chikalata chothandizira ndalama. Chidzaperekedwa kwa obwereketsa ngati chitetezo, ndipo adzafunika mgwirizano mwachindunji ndi wogula: chidziwitso cha wogulitsa aliyense amene walephera kulipira ngongole ndi nthawi yochira asanathetsedwe, ufulu wa obwereketsa kapena wolowa m'malo mwake kuti alowererepo ndikusamutsa PPA, komanso zoletsa pakusintha ndi kuthetsa mwaufulu. Kuyika zimenezo mu pepala la nthawi ndikotsika mtengo kuposa kutsegulanso PPA yochitidwa potseka ndalama.

Mafunso okhudza malamulo

Kodi dongosololi likufunika chilolezo chogulira zinthu?

Malinga ndi nkhani 2.17 Energiewet, n'koletsedwa kupereka magetsi kapena gasi kwa wogwiritsa ntchito womaliza yemwe ali ndi kulumikizana pang'ono, kapena kuthandizira malonda a anzawo, popanda chilolezo. Lamuloli lili ndi zosiyana, pakati pawo kupereka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito otsiriza olumikizidwa ku makina otsekedwa. Udindowu umalumikizidwa ndi kukula kwa kulumikizana kwa kasitomala, osati wogulitsa, kotero kupereka ku kulumikizana kwakukulu kwa mafakitale kapena amalonda sikufuna chilolezo. Kulumikizana pang'ono, monga momwe Energiewet imafotokozera, ndi kulumikizana kwa magetsi mpaka 3 x 80 ampère. Kwa wopanga mapulogalamu ogulitsa kwa obwereka pamalo ochitira bizinesi, ena omwe ali ndi kulumikizana pang'ono, izi sizophweka.

Perekani kwa anthu ena pa netiweki yachinsinsi

Pamene jenereta imapereka ogwiritsa ntchito angapo pa netiweki yake, dongosololi likhoza kukhala njira yogawa yotsekedwa yomwe imafuna kudziwika motsatira nkhani 3.7 Energiewet. Kuzindikira kumadalira zofunikira kuphatikizapo malo olekanitsidwa, anthu osakwana chikwi olumikizidwa, kusowa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito apakhomo kupatulapo malire ochepa omwe lamuloli limalola, komanso chitetezo chokwanira komanso kudalirika. ACM imasankha woyendetsa makina odziwika (nkhani 3.6 Energiewet), omwe amanyamula ntchito zolumikizira ndi zoyendera.

Chingwe chimodzi choperekedwa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito m'modzi chingakhale chingwe cholunjika. Chingwe cholunjika chiyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zaukadaulo za nkhani 3.9 Energiewet, ndipo mwiniwake ayenera kudziwitsa ACM mwachangu chingwecho chikagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso pambuyo pa kusintha kulikonse kwakukulu.

Misonkho ndi misonkho yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa mita

Misonkho ya mphamvu pa magetsi imaperekedwa pansi pa mutu wa msonkho wa mphamvu wa Wet belastingen op milieugrondslag. Chokopa cha PPA pamalopo ndichakuti magetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumbuyo kwa mita akhoza kugwera kunja kwa magetsi omwe amayambitsa msonkho, komanso ndalama zakunja zoyendetsedwa ndi netiweki. Kaya zimadalira kapangidwe ka metering, umwini wa kukhazikitsa, komanso ngati dongosololi ndi lopereka kwa munthu wina kapena wodzigwiritsa ntchito. Article 50 ya lamuloli imalipiritsa msonkho pa kupereka kwa ogula kudzera mu kulumikizana, komanso pakupereka kwina kupatula kudzera mu kulumikizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi komwe kumapezeka kupatula kudzera mu magetsi, kotero dongosolo la kumbuyo kwa mita silili kunja kwa mtengo chifukwa magetsi sadutsa kulumikizana. Kuchotsera komwe kuli kofunikira kumakhudzana ndi magetsi omwe ogula amapanga okha kuchokera kuzinthu zongowonjezwdwa; kumatsatira kudzipangira okha osati kugula, kotero pamene munthu wachitatu ali ndi ndikuyendetsa kukhazikitsa ndipo wokhalamo akugula zotuluka, malondawo ndi opereka ndipo kuchotsera sikupitirira. Chifukwa chake zinthu zitatuzi zimasankha malo amisonkho, ndipo nthawi zambiri ngati pulojekiti ya pamalopo ikugwira ntchito konse; tsimikizirani chithandizocho ndi Belastingdienst chitsanzocho chisanaperekedwe mtengo.

Kuwerengera ndalama ndi chithandizo chochokera ku mankhwala ena

Pamlingo wapamwamba: PPA yeniyeni yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wogulayo ikhoza kugwera pansi pa ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito yekha ndipo ingawerengedwe ngati mgwirizano wamba wogula, pomwe PPA yeniyeni, yokhazikika mu ndalama, nthawi zambiri imakhala yochokera ku mtengo woyezedwa, ndi mayendedwe kudzera mu phindu kapena kutayika pokhapokha ngati akaunti yoyang'anira mpanda ikwaniritsidwa. Kusiyana kumeneku kumapangitsa kusakhazikika kwa ndalama zomwe zanenedwa ndipo nthawi zambiri kumasankha kapangidwe komwe ntchito yazachuma ya gulu imavomereza. Ichi ndi chizindikiro, osati upangiri: kupeza upangiri wa akaunti, misonkho ndi malamulo azachuma musanasainire.

Kutha, kusakhazikika ndi mphamvu majeure

Zochitika zothetsa ntchito ziyenera kufotokozedwa bwino, ndipo makamaka, zachuma: kusalipira pambuyo pa nthawi yochira, kulephera kulipira ngongole, kulephera kusunga chithandizo cha ngongole, mphamvu ya nthawi yayitali, komanso kulephera kuchita bizinesi pofika tsiku lomaliza. Pewani zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwakukulu komwe obwereketsa ayenera kudalira.

Malipiro othetsa ndi omwe adzakambidwa mlandu ngati pali chilichonse. Kugwirizana kwa mtengo wogulira pa nthawi yotsalayo ndi kokhazikika, koma njira yowerengera, njira yopitira patsogolo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso gulu lomwe likuwerengera ziyenera kuvomerezedwa pasadakhale. Kuchulukana kwa mitengo, mitengo yoyipa ndi kuchepetsa ndalama ndizomwe zili m'magawo awoawo, osati kusinthidwa kukhala mphamvu yayikulu pomwe amapereka yankho lolakwika.

Mndandanda wa zokambirana

• Ndi dongosolo liti, ndipo kodi ntchito ya zachuma imavomereza momwe imagwirira ntchito pa nkhani ya akaunti?
• Ndi mawonekedwe ati, ndipo kodi ma bid opikisana asinthidwa kuti akhale ofanana?
• Kodi chitsimikizo cha chiyambi chimasamutsidwa mwachindunji: kuchuluka kwa ndalama, akaunti iti, ndi liti?
• Kodi ndani amene ali ndi udindo wosamalira zinthu, ndipo ndani amalipira ndalama zosamalira zinthu mopanda tsankho?
• Kodi chifukwa chilichonse chochepetsera mitengo chaperekedwa, ndipo chimachitika ndi chiyani nthawi yamitengo yotsika?
• Kodi mikhalidwe yolumikizira ndi kuthekera kwa mayendedwe ndi yakale, yokhala ndi tsiku loyima kwa nthawi yayitali?
• Kodi polojekitiyi ili ndi SDE++, ndipo kodi udindo wopereka zinthu ukusemphana ndi izi?
• Ndi chithandizo chotani cha ngongole chomwe chimaperekedwa mbali zonse ziwiri, ndipo kodi mgwirizano wachindunji ukuyembekezeka?
• Kodi pali chilichonse chomwe chikupita ku kulumikizana kochepa, ndipo kodi gulu la netiweki lakhazikika?
• Kodi malipiro omalizira amawerengedwa bwanji, ndipo ndani amawerengedwa ndi ndani?