Kukana kusamutsa bizinesi: ufulu wanu ndi zotsatira zake

Kukana kusamutsa kampani (overgang van onderneming) ndi ufulu wanu monga wantchito, koma kukana kumathetsa mgwirizano wanu wantchito ndi bwana wakale pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo pa tsiku losamutsa. Simungatsale ndi wosamutsayo. Kaya musunga malipiro anu osinthira zimadalira Nkhani 7:665 ya Dutch Civil Code (BW): pokhapokha ngati kusamutsako kukuipitsa kwambiri nthawi yanu yogwirira ntchito, ndiye kuti mapeto ake amawerengedwa ngati oyambitsidwa ndi bwana.

Kukana pazifukwa zina zilizonse kumaonedwa ngati kusiya ntchito: palibe malipiro osinthira, komanso chiopsezo chenicheni chakuti UWV ikana thandizo la ulova (WW). Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza malamulo a mbali zonse ziwiri ndi zomwe ziyenera kulembedwa tsiku losamutsira lisanafike.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pa mgwirizano wanu pakusamutsa ntchito?

Malinga ndi Nkhani 7:663 BW ufulu wanu ndi maudindo anu pansi pa pangano la ntchito ziperekedwe kwa wogula pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo. Palibe chomwe chiyenera kusainidwa, ndipo wogula sangasankhe antchito omwe angatenge.

Malipiro, nthawi ya utumiki ndi zina zomwe zimafunika kutsatiridwa. Wosamutsa amakhalabe ndi udindo wogwirizana ndi wogula kwa chaka chimodzi pambuyo pa kusamutsidwa kwa ntchito zomwe zidachitika kale. Malinga ndi Article 7:670(8) BW, olemba ntchito sangadziwitse chifukwa cha kusamutsidwako. Kuphatikizana, kugula, kupereka ntchito kunja ndi kukonzanso mkati zonse zitha kuyenerera; nthawi zambiri zimafunsa funso ngati muyenera kuvomereza kusintha kwa ntchito kuntchito.

Pali malire. Ufulu wa penshoni umatsatira njira yosiyana malinga ndi Nkhani 7:664 BW. Malinga ndi Nkhani 7:666 BW chitetezo sichigwira ntchito ngati wolemba ntchito wasweka ndipo bizinesiyo ndi ya chuma cha bankirapuse, ndichifukwa chake kuyambiranso ntchito pambuyo pa bankirapuse kumagwira ntchito mosiyana kwa antchito. Malinga ndi Nkhani 25(1)(a) ya Works Councils Act (WOR), bungwe la ntchito liyenera kupemphedwa kuti lipereke upangiri pa kusintha kwa ulamuliro komwe kukuperekedwa.

Kodi mungakane kusamutsa?

Inde. Palibe amene angakakamizidwe kugwira ntchito kwa wolemba anthu amene sanasankhe, ndipo Khoti Lalikulu la EU lawerenga ufulu umenewo mu lamulo losamutsa munthu. Koma kukana kuyenera kukhala komveka bwino, ndipo zotsatira zake ndi zakuti pangano lanu litha.

Pa 8 February 2022 khoti lachigawo cha Bergen op Zoom (ECLI:NL:RBZWB:2022:1023) linagamula kuti wantchito amene anakana mosapita m'mbali, kudzera m'kalata ya loya wake, analibe ubale wantchito ndi wogula. Zonena zake motsutsana ndi wogula zinalengezedwa kuti sizingavomerezedwe. Sanathenso kukhala ndi wogula: panganolo linatha ndi lamulo pa tsiku losamutsa, 31 December 2021.

Kuzengereza ndiye udindo woipa kwambiri. Wantchito amene akuwonetsa kukayikira, kupempha nthawi kapena kungochokapo sanakane malinga ndi malamulo, ndipo panganolo likhoza kukhala litasamutsidwa. Ngati mukufuna kukana, nenani izi polemba ku makampani onse awiri ndipo tchulani tsiku lomwe kukanako kunayamba kugwira ntchito.

Kodi kukana kumasunga liti ndalama zanu zosinthira?

Nkhani 7:665 BW ikusankha izi. Ngati kusamutsaku kubweretsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa nthawi yanu yogwirira ntchito zomwe zingakuwonongereni, ndipo pangano lanu litatha pachifukwa chimenecho, limawerengedwa ngati latha chifukwa cha zomwe olemba ntchito akufuna kuti mupereke ndalama zosinthira malinga ndi Nkhani 7:673 BW.

Chomwe chimawerengedwa ngati chachikulu chimayesedwa potengera mfundo zenizeni. Kuchepetsa malipiro enieni, kutayika kwa bonasi yokonzedwa, kusamuka komwe kumasintha ulendo waufupi kukhala ulendo wautali watsiku ndi tsiku, kapena kusintha kwa mtundu ndi mulingo wa ntchito yanu kungayenerere. Chizindikiro chatsopano, makina a IT kapena mzere wofotokozera sizingayenerere. Muyenera kutsimikizira kuwonongeka, choncho yerekezerani mawu akale ndi atsopano polemba tsiku losamutsira lisanafike.

Chifukwa chomwecho ndi chofunikira pa phindu la ulova. Malinga ndi Nkhani 24(2)(b) ya Unemployment Insurance Act (WW) muli ndi mlandu wa ulova ngati ntchito yanu inatha chifukwa cha zomwe munayambitsa popanda zotsutsa zazikulu kwambiri kotero kuti kupitirizabe sikungatheke kwa inu. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kungakhale kutsutsa koteroko; UWV imasankha zenizeni.

Bwanji ngati mukukana pa chifukwa china?

Ngati malamulo anu apitirirabe ndipo simukufuna kugwira ntchito kwa wogula, Nkhani 7:665 BW sigwira ntchito. Mapeto ake amaperekedwa kwa inu ndipo palibe malipiro osinthira, chifukwa Nkhani 7:673(1) BW imafuna kuti mapeto achitike ndi bwana kapena chifukwa cha khalidwe loipa kwambiri la bwana.

UWV idzawunikanso ngati munakhala opanda ntchito motsatira Article 24(2)(b) WW. Kusakonda wogula, chikhalidwe chake kapena gulu latsopano sikungakhale kokwanira. Pazochitika zimenezo nthawi zambiri ndibwino kusamutsa ndikukambirana za kutuluka pambuyo pake, mwachitsanzo kudzera mu mgwirizano wogwirizana.

Kodi nthawi ndi yofunika?

Inde. Kukana kumathetsa mgwirizano pa tsiku losamutsa ndipo si chidziwitso chachizolowezi chothetsa ntchito. Koma ngati mulengeza izi madzulo okha a kusamutsa ntchito, olemba ntchito anganene kuti mwasiya ntchito popanda kutsatira nthawi yodziwitsa.

Pankhaniyi Nkhani 7:672(11) BW imapatsa olemba ntchito chiphaso chofanana ndi malipiro anu panthawi yomwe simunazindikire. Khothi lachigawo laling'ono likhoza kuchepetsa malinga ndi Nkhani 7:672(12) BW, koma osati pansi pa malipiro omwe ali pamwamba pa nthawi yomwe olemba ntchito amadziwitsidwa kapena pansi pa malipiro a miyezi itatu. Nthawi yodziwitsidwa mwalamulo kwa wantchito ndi mwezi umodzi (Nkhani 7:672(4) BW), kotero kufotokozera kukana kwanu osachepera mwezi umodzi tsiku losamutsira lisanafike kumapewa kukambirana kumeneko.

Kodi nthawi yayitali yodziwitsira mgwirizano ndi yovomerezeka?

Pokhapokha ngati zikugwirizana ndi Article 7:672(8) BW: zavomerezedwa m'malemba, nthawi ya wantchito ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yokha, ndipo nthawi ya wantchito ndi yochepera kawiri. Pangano la mgwirizano (cao) lingafupikitse nthawi ya wantchito, koma osati pansi pa ya wantchito (Article 7:672(9) BW).

Pangano lomwe limapatsa magulu onse awiri miyezi itatu limalephera kutsatira lamulo la nthawi ziwiri. Pankhaniyi, lamuloli nthawi zambiri limagwiritsa ntchito nthawi ya mwezi umodzi kwa wantchito. Olemba ntchito ayenera kuyang'ana mapangano awo okhazikika asanalengezedwe za malonda.

Kodi bwana wanu amalipirabe chiyani mukachoka?

Malinga ndi Article 7:656 BW, olemba ntchito ayenera kukupatsani chizindikiro (getuigschrift) kumapeto kwa ntchito ngati mupempha. Chimafotokoza mtundu wa ntchito, maola ogwirira ntchito, tsiku loyambira ndi lomaliza; momwe mudagwirira ntchito, momwe komanso chifukwa chake pangano linatha zimaphatikizidwa pokhapokha ngati mupempha.

Chigwirizano chomaliza chimakhudzanso ufulu wa tchuthi wosagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndalama zolipirira tchuthi ndi malipiro osinthika omwe amapezedwa mpaka tsiku lomaliza.

Kodi muyenera kuwunika chiyani ngati wantchito?

• Funsani za malamulo a ntchito a wogulitsayo polemba tsiku losamutsira katundu lisanafike.
• Yerekezerani malipiro, bonasi, maola ogwirira ntchito, malo ndi zinthu zantchito ndi chinthu ndi zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito panopa.
• Unikani ngati kusiyana kuli kwakukulu komanso kukuwonongerani malinga ndi Nkhani 7:665 BW.
• Ngati mukukana, chitani izi mosapita m'mbali komanso m'kalata kwa olemba ntchito onse awiri, makamaka mwezi umodzi usanafike tsiku losamutsa munthu.
• Lembani zifukwa zanu zokanira, chifukwa UWV idzaziyesa malinga ndi Nkhani 24 ya WW.
• Chongani nthawi yanu yodziwitsira mgwirizano motsutsana ndi lamulo la nthawi ziwiri la Article 7:672(8) BW.

Kodi muyenera kufufuza chiyani ngati wolemba ntchito?

• Onetsetsani ngati malondawo akuyenerera ngati kusamutsa bizinesi motsatira Article 7:662 BW.
• Funsani bungwe la ntchito kuti likupatseni upangiri pa kusamutsa ulamuliro motsatira Nkhani 25 WOR.
• Fotokozani mawu atsopano msanga komanso mokwanira, kuti pasakhale mkangano wokhudza kuwonongeka kwa zinthu womwe ungakhazikitsidwe pa chete.
• Funsani wantchito amene wasonyeza kukana kulembetsa chikalata chotsimikizira momveka bwino chomwe chili ndi tsiku loyambira ntchito.
• Sungani kusintha kulikonse kosiyana ndi kusamutsa, chifukwa kuchotsedwa ntchito chifukwa cha kusamutsa n'koletsedwa (Nkhani 7:670(8) BW).
• Onetsetsani kuti nthawi yowonjezereka yodziwitsira yomwe ili mu mgwirizano wanu ikukwaniritsa Article 7:672(8) BW.

Kodi tingakuchitireni chiyani ndi kusamutsa ntchito?

Maloya athu okhudza ntchito ndi gulu la malamulo okhudza ntchito amalangiza antchito ndi olemba anzawo ntchito asanasamutsidwe komanso atasamutsidwa.

• Timayesa ngati malondawo ndi kusamutsa bizinesi ndi kusamutsa kwa mawu.
• Timayerekeza malamulo akale ndi atsopano a ntchito ndikuwunika ngati Nkhani 7:665 BW ikugwira ntchito.
• Timalemba kalata yokana kapena pempho lotsimikizira la olemba ntchito.
• Timawerengera malipiro osinthira ndikuwunika chiopsezo cha WWII.
• Timakambirana za mgwirizano wothetsera mavuto ngati kukana si njira yabwino.

Chidule

• Pakusamutsa mgwirizano wanu, pangano lanu limapita kwa wogulayo lokha (Nkhani 7:663 BW).
• Mungakane, koma pangano lanu ndi wosintha ndalama limatha pa tsiku losamutsa ndalama.
• Kukana kokha chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa nthawi zomwe zaperekedwa ndi komwe kumasunga malipiro osinthira (Nkhani 7:665 BW).
• Kukana pazifukwa zina kungayambitse kusowa ntchito komanso kutayika kwa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse (Article 24(2)(b) WW).
• Kanani mosapita m'mbali komanso mwa kulemba, makamaka mwezi umodzi usanafike tsiku losamutsira katundu.

MAFUNSO OFUNSIDWA KAWIRIKAWIRI