Malamulo Oyenera Njira Buku Lothandiza

Mfundo yalamulo yaku Dutch ya recht van overpad, kapena kumanja, ndi mwala wapangodya wa malamulo athu a katundu. Pachimake, zimapatsa mwiniwake malo ufulu wololedwa kuwoloka malo a munthu wina kuti akafike kwawo. Ganizirani ngati a njira yachidule yotsimikizika kudzera m'munda wa oyandikana nawo kuti akafike kunyumba yomwe ilibe njira yolunjika yopita kumsewu waukulu. Ufulu wokhazikitsidwawu umatsimikizira kuti malowo sasiyidwa opanda ntchito chifukwa choti alibe malire.

Foundation of Property Access ku Netherlands

Tangoganizani kuti mwapeza malo abwino kwambiri oti mumange nyumba yamaloto anu. Pali vuto limodzi lalikulu: lazunguliridwa ndi katundu wina, popanda njira yolunjika yopita kunjira ya anthu onse. Apa ndi pamene kufunika kwa recht van overpad zimakhala zomveka bwino. Popanda lamulo ili, katundu wanu sangatheke ndipo, pazifukwa zonse, sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ufulu wa njira umapanga ubale wokhazikika pakati pa zinthu ziwiri, ndipo chilichonse chimagwira ntchito yosiyana. Kuyika mutu wanu pa maudindowa ndi sitepe yoyamba kuti mumvetse momwe dongosolo lonse limagwirira ntchito.

Osewera Awiri Ofunika

Mgwirizano waufulu uliwonse umakhudza mbali ziwiri zofunika, zofotokozedwa ndi katundu omwe ali nawo:

• Heersend Erf (Dominant Estate): Ichi ndi katundu amene ubwino kuchokera kumanja kwa njira. Ndi chiwembu chokhomedwa ndi mtunda chomwe chimafunika njira yolowera kuti munthu athe kupezeka.
• Dienend Erf (Servient Estate): Ichi ndi katundu amene zopereka ufulu wa njira. Mwini malowa ayenera kulola eni ake a malowo kuti adutse gawo linalake la malo awo.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti uku sikukondera kokha pakati pa oyandikana nawo. Ndiufulu wovomerezeka mwalamulo womwe uli ndi malo enieniwo, osati kwa eni ake eni ake. Uwu ndi kusiyana kofunikira, chifukwa ufulu wa njira umakhalabe m'malo ngakhale katundu atagulitsidwa kwa eni ake atsopano. Lingaliroli likuphatikizidwa kwambiri mu katundu wa Dutch chilamulo, yomwe ili ndi mikhalidwe yakeyake. Kuti muwone mozama za ufulu wa katundu, fufuzani ma nuances apakati umwini ndi kubwereketsa akhoza kupereka nkhani zofunika.

Pofuna kumveketsa bwino maudindowa, nayi chiwongolero chachangu cha mawu achi Dutch omwe mungakumane nawo.

Table: Mawu Ofunika Kwambiri Pamalamulo a Njira Yoyenera

Kumvetsetsa mawu awa ndi sitepe yoyamba yoyendetsera mgwirizano uliwonse molimba mtima.

Chifukwa Chake Malamulo Awa Ndi Ofala Chonchi

M'dziko lokhala ndi anthu ambiri ngati Netherlands, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino malo ndikofunikira kwambiri. The recht van overpad ndi njira yothandiza yomwe imalepheretsa ziwembu kukhala zodzipatula komanso zosagwiritsidwa ntchito. M'malo mwake, akuti pafupifupi 10-15% ya katundu wakumidzi ku Netherlands kumakhudzanso mtundu wina wa mgwirizano wa njira, chithunzi chomwe chikuwonetsa momwe dziko lathu limagawika nthawi zambiri. Izi zikuwonetsa momwe malamulowa alili ofala komanso ofunikira pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku komanso zamalonda, makamaka m'madera aulimi.

Lamuloli limakhudza aliyense, kuyambira eni nyumba omwe akufunika njira yopita kuminda yawo yakumbuyo kwa alimi omwe akufuna njira zolowera m'minda yawo. Kumvetsetsa zinthu zalamulo izi ndikofunikira pokonza zomanga zilizonse, chifukwa izi nthawi zambiri zimawonekera pazonse. mndandanda wa chilolezo chomanga. Pamapeto pake, zimapanga maziko a umwini wa katundu wofikirika, kutembenuza ziwembu zomwe zingakhale zodzipatula kukhala zinthu zamtengo wapatali, zogwira ntchito.

Momwe Ufulu Wanjira Umapangidwira Mwalamulo

Ufulu wa njira sikuti ndi mgwirizano wapamtima wapamtima pakati pa oyandikana nawo. Ndiufulu walamulo womwe uyenera kupangidwa kudzera munjira zenizeni, zovomerezeka mwalamulo. Kupeza ufulu umenewu n'kofunika, chifukwa dongosolo losakhazikika likhoza kuthetsedwa nthawi ina iliyonse, zomwe zingathe kusiya mwiniwake wa malo opanda mwayi wofunikira.

Pansi pa malamulo achi Dutch, pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zokhazikitsira chokhazikika komanso chotheka recht van overpad. Chofala kwambiri ndi mgwirizano wapakati, wotsekedwa ndi chikalata chovomerezeka. Koma maufulu amathanso kuwonekera pakapita nthawi pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse, zomwe zimatchedwa kulembedwa kwamankhwala. Njira iliyonse ili ndi malamulo ake omwe muyenera kutsatira.

Kukhazikitsidwa Kupyolera mu Chikalata Cha Notarial

Mwa njira yomveka bwino komanso yodalirika yopangira a recht van overpad zatha kuyang'anira, kapena kukhazikitsidwa, kudzera mwa notarial deed. Ichi ndi sitepe yokhazikika yomwe eni ake azinthu zazikulu komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito. Amangogwirizana pazotsatira ndikulemba ntchito notary (Notary Public) kuti likhale lovomerezeka.

Njirayi ndiyosavuta ndipo imaphatikizapo njira zingapo zofunika:

1. Mgwirizano: Eni malowo amakhala pansi ndikuvomereza zenizeni. Izi zikutanthauza kuthamangitsa njira yeniyeni, ndi ntchito yanji yomwe imaloledwa (magalimoto oyenda mapazi okha? magalimoto?), ndi malamulo aliwonse okhudza zinthu monga kukonza kapena zipata.
2. Notarial Deed: Kenako notary amalemba chikalata chokhazikitsidwa (akte van kuyang'ana). Ichi ndi chikalata chalamulo chomwe chimafotokoza za kumasuka, kuzindikiritsa katundu awiriwo, ndikulongosola zonse zomwe mwagwirizana.
3. Kulembetsa: Pomaliza, notary imapereka chikalatacho ku Dutch Land Registry, the Cadastre. Gawo lomalizali silingakambirane.

Kulembetsa ndi Kadaster ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti ufulu ukhale mbiri ya anthu. Mwalamulo imaphatikiza ufulu wa malowo, osati eni ake apano okha. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti zimakhalabe m'malo ngakhale pamene katundu akugulitsidwa. Popanda izo, mumangokhala ndi mgwirizano wanu womwe umapereka chitetezo chanthawi yayitali.

Kulembetsa kovomerezeka kumeneku ndikofala modabwitsa. Zambiri kuchokera ku Dutch Kadaster zikuwonetsa kuti zovomerezeka zovomerezeka ngati recht van overpad adalembetsedwa mwachisawawa 7% ya maudindo onse kudutsa Netherlands. Ndi kutha miliyoni 8 maphukusi olembetsedwa padziko lonse lapansi kuyambira 2023, omwe amagwira ntchito mozungulira 560,000 katundu amene ali ndi ufulu ndimeyi m'mabuku. Mutha kudziwa zambiri za momwe kayendetsedwe ka malo aku Dutch amagwirira ntchito izi mwachidule za OECD.

Kupeza Kupyolera mu Kulembera

Chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati palibe ntchito? Nthawi zina, njira yolondola imatha kupangidwa kudzera munjira yotchedwa kunena, kapena mankhwala. Izi zimachitika pamene wina agwiritsa ntchito njira kudutsa malo a munthu wina kwa nthawi yayitali komanso yosasokonezedwa kotero kuti pamapeto pake amapeza ufulu wovomerezeka kuti apitirize kutero. Lamulo limagawa izi kukhala zochitika ziwiri zosiyana.

Dongosolo la Kupeza Mankhwala mu Chikhulupiriro Chabwino

Apa ndi pamene wina amagwiritsa ntchito njira 10 zaka mosalekeza pamene akukhulupirira moona mtima kuti ali ndi ufulu mwalamulo kutero. Izi zimatchedwa kuchita mu chikhulupiriro chabwino (ndikupita patsogolo).

Tangoganizani mwini nyumba yemwe mgwirizano wake wakale wogula udatchula njira yoyenera, koma pazifukwa zina, sunalembetsedwe mwalamulo ndi Kadaster. Ngati agwiritsa ntchito njirayo poyera kwa zaka khumi, akudalira pangano lakale limenelo, angapeze ufuluwo mwa kulembedwa ndi dokotala.

Dongosolo Lapadera mu Chikhulupiriro Choyipa

Apa ndi pamene zimakhala zosangalatsa. Ufulu wa njira ukhozanso kupezeka ngakhale wogwiritsa ntchito amadziwa iwo alibe ufulu wamba. Uku ndikuchita mu chikhulupiriro choipa (ndi kwader trouw).

Ngati wina agwiritsa ntchito njira yodutsa dziko la mnansi wake poyera komanso mosalekeza zaka 20, kuyenera kwalamulo kwa mwiniwake wapachiyambi kutsutsa "kutha." Pambuyo pazaka makumi awiri zogwiritsa ntchito mosadodometsedwa, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo atha kupita kukhoti ndikunena kuti a recht van overpad wakhazikitsidwa.

N’zoona kuti kutsimikizira kuti munthu amene wapatsidwa ndi dokotala n’kovuta kwambiri. Munthu amene amadzinenera kuti ali ndi ufulu ali ndi katundu wotsimikizira, ndipo ayenera kupereka umboni wokwanira wogwiritsa ntchito mosalekeza, mosadodometsedwa, komanso momveka bwino. Izi zingatanthauze kukumba zithunzi zakale, kupeza ziganizo za mboni, kapena kusonyeza zolemba za kukonza njira. Makhothi nthawi zambiri amakhala okhwima kwambiri pakuwunika kwawo, ndichifukwa chake ntchito ya notarial nthawi zonse imakhala yotetezeka, njira yotsimikizika.

Kufotokozera Ufulu ndi Ntchito za Mwini Aliyense

A recht van overpad ndi zambiri kuposa kungolowetsa chilolezo chodutsa malo a munthu wina. Ndi ubale wokhazikika walamulo, womangidwa pamaziko a maufulu ndi maudindo omwe onse awiri ayenera kumvetsetsa. Kupeza bwino kumeneku ndiko chinsinsi chopewera mikangano yomwe ingasandutse oyandikana nawo mwachangu kukhala adani.

Ganizirani izi ngati kugawana chida. Munthu amene wabwereka ali ndi ufulu woigwiritsa ntchito pa cholinga chake, koma alinso ndi udindo woisamalira. Sangagwiritse ntchito m'njira yowononga kapena kubweretsa vuto lalikulu kwa mwiniwake. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, mwiniwakeyo ayenera kupereka chidacho monga momwe anavomerezera, ngakhale pamene adakali nacho ndikuwongolera katundu wawo.

Malamulowa amaonetsetsa kuti mwayi wopezeka ndi munthu wina usakhale cholemetsa chopanda chilungamo kwa eni nyumba yemwe akumupatsa. Tiyeni tifotokoze ndendende zomwe malamulo achi Dutch amayembekezera ku gulu lililonse.

Udindo wa Wogwiritsa (Dominant Estate)

Mwini wa chuma chachikulu (heersend erf)—amene amapindula ndi mwayiwo—ali ndi ntchito yaikulu yokhala mdindo wabwino wa ufulu umenewu. Maudindo awo onse amangokhalira kulemekeza katundu wa munthu wina.

Lamulo la golide ndiloti ufulu wa njira uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu njira yolemetsa yotheka (op de minst bezwarende wijze). Mfundo imeneyi imapanga zonse zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amachita. Ngati njira yoyenera ndi njira yodutsa m'dimba, mwachitsanzo, simungaganize mwadzidzidzi kuchititsa pikiniki kapena kuyimitsa galimoto yanu pamenepo. Kufikirako ndikungochokera ku A kupita ku B.

Ntchito zazikulu za wogwiritsa ntchito ndi izi:

• Kusungirako: Nthawi zambiri, wogwiritsa ntchito amakhala pa mbedza kuti asunge njira. Izi zikutanthauza kuisunga motetezeka komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito, osati kwa iwo eni komanso kupewa kuwonongeka kwa malo ozungulira. Ngati njira ikhala yamatope ndikuyamba kukokoloka, ndi ntchito ya wogwiritsa ntchito kukonza.
• Kutengera ku Scope: Simungathe kukulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira kupitilira zomwe zidagwirizana poyambirira. Ufulu wa njira yokhazikitsidwa ndi kuyenda kwa phazi sungagwiritsidwe ntchito mwadzidzidzi pamakina olemera a famu popanda kuyambitsa mutu walamulo.
• Palibe Cholepheretsa Chosafunikira: Wogwiritsa ntchito asachite chilichonse chomwe chingalepheretse eni ake kusangalala ndi katundu wake. Zinthu zosavuta, monga kusiya zipata zotseguka, kupanga phokoso lambiri, kapena kutaya zinyalala panjira, ndizosapita.

Zofunikira za Wopereka (Servient Estate)

pamene servient estate (dienend erf) ali ndi katundu wochepetsera, mwiniwake samasiyidwa opanda ufulu. Udindo wawo waukulu ndi wolunjika koma mtheradi: sangalepheretse wogwiritsa ntchito kuti asapezeke. Ichi ndiye maziko a ntchito yawo.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti sangasankhe kumanga shedi panjira, kubzala mtengo pakati pake, kapena kuchita china chilichonse chomwe chimapangitsa kuti ndimeyi ikhale yosatheka. Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti ataya mphamvu zonse. Mwiniwake wa servient estate ali ndi maufulu enieni omwe amathandiza kulinganiza masikelo.

Mfundo yaikulu ya mkangano ndi kukhazikitsa chipata. Mwiniwake wa katundu wautumiki ali mwangwiro mkati mwa ufulu wawo kukhazikitsa chipata chifukwa cha chitetezo. Komabe, iwo ayenera kupereka wosuta kiyi kapena njira ina yofikira mosavuta, mosalekeza. Chipata chokhoma popanda fungulo ndi chopinga chosaloledwa, chosavuta komanso chosavuta.

Woperekayo alinso ndi ufulu wina wofunikira pansi pa lamulo la Dutch: akhoza kupempha kuti asamutsire njira. Ngati malo omwe ali kumanja akuyenda kukhala vuto lalikulu - tinene kuti, ndikulepheretsa kuwonjezera nyumba yomwe mwakonzekera - mwiniwake atha kusankha njira yatsopano. Izi zimaloledwa pokhapokha ngati njira yatsopanoyo ikupereka mwayi wofanana ndi wogwiritsa ntchito ndipo imapangitsa kuti wosuta asavutike.

Kulinganiza kosamalitsa kumeneku kwa ntchito kumapangidwa kuti makonzedwe onse agwire ntchito. Zimapatsa wogwiritsa mwayi wopeza zomwe akufunikira kwinaku akuteteza ufulu wofunikira wa woperekayo kuti asangalale ndi kuyang'anira malo awo.

Momwe Mungathetsere Mikangano Yodziwika ndi Nkhani Zalamulo

Ngakhale ndi mapangano omveka bwino, kugawana chikhalidwe cha a recht van overpad zingayambitse mikangano pakati pa oyandikana nawo mosavuta. Zomwe zimayamba ngati kusagwirizana kwakung'ono zitha kukwera mwachangu kukhala mkangano wovuta komanso wovuta wazamalamulo ngati sunasamalidwe mosamala. Kudziwa mfundo zomatira zomwe anthu ambiri amamatira komanso njira yoyenera yolumikizirana ndi chisankho ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuteteza ufulu wanu ndikusunga mtendere.

Nthawi zambiri mikangano imayamba chifukwa cha kusamvetsetsana wamba kapena zinthu zikasintha pakapita nthawi. Munthu wina angaganize kuti njirayo ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuposa momwe amafunira poyamba, mwina ndi magalimoto amalonda. Nkhani ina yachikale ndi yotsekereza-chipata chatsopano chaikidwa, koma palibe kiyi yoperekedwa, kapena mipando ya m'munda pang'onopang'ono imayamba kutenga njira. Ndipo, ndithudi, mikangano yoti ndani ayenera kulipira ndalama zogulira ndizo zimayambitsa mikangano.

Izi sizimangokhalira kukangana zazing'ono; akhoza kukhala ndi mavuto aakulu azachuma ndi malamulo. Lipoti la 2018 lidawonetsa kuti kusagwirizana paufulu wa njira kunali kumbuyo pafupifupi 4% ya milandu yonse yomanga nyumba kudutsa Netherlands. Mkangano wapakati udapitilira kwa miyezi isanu ndi inayi, pomwe ndalama zamalamulo zidakwera pafupifupi EUR 7,500 paphwando lililonse.

Njira Yanu Yothetsera Chigamulo, kuchokera Kukambitsirana kupita ku Khothi

Mkangano ukabuka, kulumphira kumilandu si njira yabwino kwambiri. Ndi bwino kutenga njira yokhazikika, yowonjezereka yomwe imapatsa mbali zonse mpata wopeza yankho loyenera maloya ndi makhoti asanatengere mbali. Cholinga chenicheni ndicho kupeza kukonza komwe kuli kothandiza komanso kovomerezeka mwalamulo.

Izi zitha kugawidwa m'magawo atatu:

1. Direct Negotiation: Njira yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo ndiyo kukambirana nthawi zonse. Kukambitsirana modekha, pamaso m’pamaso ndi mnansi wanu kaŵirikaŵiri kungathetse vutolo. Zimathandiza kubwera okonzeka ndi kope la notarial deed kotero inu mukhoza kubwereranso ku mfundo zenizeni za mgwirizano.
2. Kuyanjanitsa: Ngati kuyankhula molunjika sikungathandize, kubweretsa munthu wina yemwe salowerera ndale kungapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu. Izi zitha kukhala ntchito yoyimira pakati (buurtbemiddeling) kapena mkhalapakati waluso. Iwo samatenga mbali koma m’malo mwake amatsogolera zokambiranazo kuti zigwirizane ndi zomwe aliyense angathe kukhala nazo.
3. Milandu: Kutengera nkhaniyi kukhoti ndiye njira yomaliza. Ndi njira yokwera mtengo kwambiri komanso yowononga nthawi, koma imakhala yofunikira pamene gulu limodzi likuphwanya momveka bwino mawu a easement ndikungokana kugwirizana.

Upangiri wofunikira: cholinga chake ndi ku kuthetsa vutolo, osati kupambana mkangano. Kusunga kulankhulana momasuka ndi mwaulemu pa gawo lililonse kumawonjezera mwayi wopeza zotsatira zabwino popanda mtengo waukulu komanso kupsinjika kwa ndewu yalamulo.

Pamene mikangano pa a recht van overpad khalani otsimikiza, kupeza njira yopita patsogolo ndikofunikira. M'munsimu ndikuwona njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe mungatenge kuti muthetse kusamvana.

Zosankha Zothetsera Mikangano za Right of Way

Njira iliyonse ili ndi malo ake, ndipo kusankha yoyenera kumadalira pazochitika zanu komanso kufunitsitsa kwa mnzako kugwirizana.

Kumanga Mlandu Wanu: Kufunika Kwa Umboni

Ngati mukupeza kuti mukupita ku mkhalapakati kapena, choyipa, milandu, kupambana kwanu kudzadalira umboni womwe mwapeza. Mawu anu otsutsana nawo sakwanira; muyenera kutsimikizira zonena zanu ndi umboni womveka bwino.

Muyenera kuyamba kusonkhanitsa umboniwu pakangobuka vuto. Zolemba zabwino ndizomwe zimakuthandizani kwambiri pakutsimikizira kuti mawu a recht van overpad zathyoledwa.

Nayi mitundu yofunikira yaumboni yoyang'ana kwambiri:

• Umboni wa Zithunzi ndi Makanema: Tengani zithunzi kapena makanema apakale a blockages zilizonse, kuwonongeka kwa njira, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika. Izi zimapanga mbiri yosatsutsika yavuto pakapita nthawi.
• Ndemanga za Mboni: Mawu ochokera kwa oyandikana nawo, anthu obweretsa katundu, kapena alendo omwe adziwonera okha nkhaniyi akhoza kupereka umboni wamphamvu, wodziyimira pawokha.
• Zolemba Zovomerezeka: Umboni wofunikira kwambiri ndi chikalata cha notarial olembetsedwa ndi Kadaster. Chikalatachi ndi mawu omaliza pa maufulu enieni ndi maudindo a gulu lirilonse.
• Kuyankhulana Wolemba: Lembani mosamala imelo iliyonse, kalata, kapena meseji yomwe mwatumizirana zankhaniyo. Njira iyi ikuwonetsa kuyesetsa kwanu kuti muthetse nkhaniyi mwamtendere.

Nthawi zina, izi zimatha kukhala zovuta kwambiri. Ngati zochita za mnansi zikuphatikiza zambiri osati kungosokoneza ndikuphatikizanso kumanga kwenikweni, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zosankha zamalamulo ngati anansi anu amanga popanda chilolezo, chifukwa mavutowa akhoza kukumana. Mwa kusonkhanitsa umboni wanu mwadongosolo, mumamanga mlandu wolimba womwe umalimbitsa udindo wanu, kaya mukukhala pansi pa tebulo lazokambirana kapena kuyimirira m'bwalo lamilandu.

Kusintha kapena Kuthetsa Mgwirizano wa Ufulu Wanjira

Ufulu wa njira ndi ufulu wokhazikika walamulo womangidwa ku malo, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti ndi mwala mpaka kalekale. Zinthu zimatha kusintha kwambiri pakapita nthawi. Msewu watsopano ukhoza kumangidwa, wopatsa malo omwe anali atatsekeredwa kale njira yakeyake, kapena chifukwa choyambirira cha njirayo chikhoza kutha. Izi zikachitika, malamulo achi Dutch amapereka njira zomveka bwino zosinthira kapena kuthetseratu a recht van overpad.

Kusintha kumeneku sikumapangidwa mopepuka, chifukwa kumakhudza ufulu wofunikira wa katundu. Koma pamene pangano silikutumikiranso chifuno chake choyambirira kapena lakhala cholemetsa chosayenerera, dongosolo lazamalamulo limapereka mayankho. Njirayi ingakhale yophweka ngati mgwirizano wapakati kapena wovomerezeka ngati ndondomeko ya khoti, malingana ndi momwe zinthu zilili komanso ngati eni ake onse ali okonzeka kugwirizana.

Mphamvu ya Mgwirizano Wapakati

Njira yowongoka kwambiri yosinthira kapena kuthetsa njira ndiyo kuvomerezana. Ngati mwiniwake wa malo akuluakulu ndi servent estate onse avomereza kuti makonzedwewo sakufunikanso kapena akufunika kusintha, atha kupanga chisankhochi. Ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi momwe njira yolondola imapangidwira.

Izi zimafuna njira zingapo zofunika:

1. Kugwirizana Kwanu: Onse awiri ayenera kugwirizana kwathunthu za kuthetsa kapena kusinthidwa.
2. Notarial Deed: Mlembi wa malamulo a boma ayenera kulemba chikalata chatsopano, chodziwika kuti akte van opheffing (chikalata choletsa), chomwe chimathetsa chiwongola dzanja.
3. Kulembetsa Kadaster: Deed yatsopanoyi iyenera kulembetsedwa ndi Land Registry (Kadaster) kuti ichotse mwalamulo chiwongola dzanja kuchokera paudindo wa malo.

Mukadumpha sitepe yomaliza yolembetsa, mgwirizano ndi mgwirizano waumwini pakati pa eni ake omwe alipo. Sizikhala zomanga kwa ogula amtsogolo. Mgwirizano wokhazikika, wolembetsedwa ndiyo njira yoyera kwambiri yothetsera makonzedwe, omwe amawonetsa kufunikira kwa njira yoyenera pakuthetsa kontrakiti iliyonse. Mutha kupeza zambiri pamikhalidwe yothetsa makontrakitala mu kalozera wathu wathunthu pa kutha kwa mgwirizano.

Kufuna Kuthetsa Kudzera M'makhoti

Ndiye chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati mwiniwake wina akufuna, koma winayo sakuvomereza? Muzochitika zovuta kwambiri izi, eni ake a servient estate atha kupempha khothi kuti chiwongola dzanjacho chichotsedwe. Woweruza sangayankhe pempho lamtunduwu popanda chifukwa chomveka.

Dutch Civil Code ikufotokoza zifukwa zenizeni zomwe khoti likhoza kulamula kuthetsa ufulu wa njira.

Pansi pa lamulo, woweruza akhoza kuthetsa chiwongoladzanja ngati kupitirizabe kukhalapo sikupereka phindu lililonse (redelijk belang) kwa mwiniwake wa malo aakulu, ndipo n’zosamveka kuti phindu limeneli lidzabweranso m’tsogolo.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti khoti lidzayang'ana mozama zenizeni zenizeni. Mwachitsanzo, ngati katundu wamkulu tsopano ali ndi njira yakeyake yolowera pamsewu wa anthu onse, kulungamitsidwa koyambirira kwa njira yoyenera mwina kwasowa. Khothi liyenera kutsimikiza kuti wogwiritsa ntchito sakufunikanso njirayo.

Khoti lingathenso kuthetsa ufulu wa njira ngati kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kwakhala kosatheka kapena ngati zochitika zosayembekezereka zipangitsa kuti kupitiriza kwake kusakhale koyenera. Nthawi zina, pofuna kulinganiza zofuna za mbali zonse ziwiri mwachilungamo, woweruza akhoza kulamula mwiniwake wa servient estate kuti alipire chipukuta misozi chandalama kwa mnzakeyo chifukwa cha kutaya ufulu wawo.

Mafunso Anu Apamwamba Panjira Yabwino, Yayankhidwa

Pamene mukulimbana ndi a recht van overpad, malamulo ovomerezeka ndi chinthu chimodzi, koma momwe amachitira zinthu zenizeni ndi zina. Tiyeni tikambirane ena mwa mafunso ofala kwambiri omwe amadza kwa eni nyumba, ndikuwulula momwe maufulu anu ndi maudindo anu amawonekera pansi.

Kodi Njira Ingatsekedwe ndi Chipata?

Iyi ndi mfundo yachikale ya kukangana. Kodi mwiniwake wa malo omwe akuwoloka angayike chipata kapena mpanda? Yankho lalifupi ndi inde, koma pali chachikulu "koma" chophatikizidwa.

Mwini wa dienend erf (katundu wa antchito) ali mwangwiro mkati mwa ufulu wawo woteteza malo awo, ndipo izi zikuphatikizapo kukhazikitsa chipata. Chovuta kwambiri, komabe, ndikuti chipata ichi sichingalepheretse mwayi wa eni nyumba wamkulu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti iwo iyenera kupereka njira yosavuta komanso yosalekeza yodutsamo. Ganizirani kiyi, chakutali, kapena kachidindo.

Ngati kutsegula chipata kumakhala vuto lalikulu kapena kuchedwetsa kwambiri kulowa, kungawonedwe mwalamulo ngati cholepheretsa chosaloledwa. Lamulo likuyesera kuchita bwino pano: mwiniwake wantchito amapeza chitetezo, ndipo mwiniwake wamkulu amapeza mwayi wosavuta womwe adatsimikiziridwa.

Ndani Ali ndi Udindo Wosunga Njirayi?

Magwero ena obwera kaŵirikaŵiri a mikangano ya mnansi ndiwo kusunga bwino. Ndani amalipira bilu yokonza? Pokhapokha ngati chikalata cha notarial chikulongosola njira ina, udindo wosamalira umakhala wa mwini wake chuma chachikulu-ndiye munthu amene amagwiritsa ntchito njirayo.

Izi sikuti zimangopangitsa kuti njirayo iwoneke bwino. Wogwiritsa ntchito ali ndi udindo woyang'anira njira pamalo pomwe sizikuwononga katundu wake. Mwachitsanzo, ngati njirayo ikukokoloka ndikuyamba kuyambitsa madzi kusefukira m'munda wa mnansi, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amakhala pa mbedza kuti akonze.

Inde, ngati eni nyumba onse amagwiritsa ntchito njirayo nthawi zonse, ndizomveka kugawana ndalama zokonzera. Njira yabwino yothetsera mikangano pamzerewu ndikupangitsa kuti ntchito zokonza izi zifotokozedwe momveka bwino muzolemba za notarial kuyambira pachiyambi pomwe.

Kodi Ndi Ntchito Yanji Yololedwa?

Ufulu wanjira siufulu-kwa-zonse; kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake kumachepa ndi momwe idakhazikitsidwa koyamba. Cholinga choyambirira chofotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'chikalatacho ndicho ulamuliro womaliza.

• Ngati chikalatacho chikufotokoza a msewu wapansi (njira), ndi kuyenda basi. Zosavuta monga choncho.
• Ngati imatchula a kutali (njira kapena njira), zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magalimoto ngati magalimoto.
• Ngati ufulu unapangidwira zaulimi, ndi bwino kuganiza kuti ukhoza kugwira mathirakitala ndi zipangizo zina zaulimi.

Chofunikira kwambiri ndichakuti wogwiritsa ntchito sangangosankha kusintha momwe amagwiritsira ntchito njirayo kapena kukulitsa mphamvu. Ufulu wokonzekera ulendo wopita ku kanyumba kakang'ono ka tchuthi sungagwiritsidwe ntchito mwadzidzidzi kupanga magalimoto olemera omanga nyumba yatsopano. Kusintha kwakukulu koteroko ndi katundu yemwe mwiniwake wa katundu wantchito angatsutse mwalamulo.

Lingaliro lalikulu ndilakuti katundu pa katundu wantchito sayenera kuonjezeredwa kupyola zomwe zinalingaliridwa poyamba kapena kuvomerezedwa pamene njira yolondola idapangidwa. Kusintha kulikonse kuyenera kukhala koyenera komanso kogwirizana ndi cholinga choyambirira.

Kodi Chimachitika N'chiyani Katundu Akagulitsidwa?

Nayi imodzi mwazinthu zamphamvu kwambiri za a recht van overpad:ndi a zakelijk recht, kapena "ufulu weniweni." Izi zikutanthauza kuti ufuluwo umagwirizana ndi malowo, osati mwini wake. Ichi ndi tsatanetsatane wofunikira pamene katundu asintha manja.

Ufulu wa njira umangosamutsa ndi katundu.

• ngati katundu wantchito wagulitsidwa, mwiniwake watsopanoyo wakhazikika mwalamulo. Ayenera kulemekeza njira yomwe ilipo ndipo sangangoyichotsa.
• ngati katundu wamkulu ikagulitsidwa, mwiniwake watsopano amapeza phindu la njira yoyenera ndipo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito monga momwe mwiniwake adachitira.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake kulembetsa mwalamulo chikalata cha notarial ndi Kadaster ndikofunikira kwambiri. Zimapangitsa njira yolondola kukhala yapagulu, yofufuzidwa, kuyika wogula aliyense wa malo onsewa. Zimatsekereza chitetezo chanthawi yayitali ndipo chimathetsa chisokonezo chilichonse umwini ukasintha. Popanda kulembetsa ku boma, mgwirizanowo ukhoza kuwonedwa ngati lonjezo laumwini lomwe limatha pamene malowo agulitsidwa.