Malo obwereketsa nyumba za anthu ochokera kunja, ogwira ntchito kumayiko ena, ndi okhala kwakanthawi akupitilizabe kutchuka kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, malamulo okhudza mtundu uwu wa malo obwereketsa nyumba akhala okhwima kwambiri. Zomwe zinali zovuta pakati pa malo obwereketsa alendo, malo ogona a nthawi yochepa, ndi malo obwereketsa nyumba nthawi zonse, pofika chaka cha 2026, zafotokozedwa bwino ndi malamulo aposachedwa komanso milandu.
Kwa eni nyumba ndi mabungwe a eni nyumba (HOAs), izi zachititsa kuti pakhale mikangano yambiri. Eni nyumba nthawi zambiri amaona nyumba zogona nthawi yochepa ngati njira yopezera ndalama, pomwe nyumba zogona nthawi yochepa zimakhala ndi mavuto, kuwonongeka kwakukulu, komanso zoopsa za inshuwaransi. Chifukwa chake mafunso ofunikira amakhalabe omwewo: kodi nyumba zogona nthawi yochepa zingaletse nyumba zogona nthawi yochepa, ndipo pansi pa mikhalidwe yotani? Ndipo kodi zomwe zachitika posachedwapa pankhani ya malamulo zikutanthauza chiyani?
Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chimaonedwa kuti ndi "kukhala kwakanthawi kochepa" mu 2026?
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri ndi kufotokozedwa bwino kwa lingaliro la kukhala kwakanthawi. Ngakhale kuti lendi ya kanthawi ya miyezi ingapo kale inkaonedwa ngati njira ya "nyumba yokhazikika", tanthauzo limenelo lasiyidwa kwambiri.
Mu 2026, malamulo ndi milandu zimasiyanitsa magulu atatu. Malo obwereka alendo kapena malo otchuthi nthawi zambiri amakhudza nthawi yochepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri mpaka masiku makumi atatu, nthawi zambiri amakhudza alendo osinthana. Kukhala kwakanthawi kumatanthauza malo obwereka kwakanthawi kochepa, nthawi zambiri pakati pa mwezi umodzi ndi isanu ndi umodzi, kwa magulu enaake monga anthu ochokera kunja, ophunzira kapena ogwira ntchito kwakanthawi. Malo obwereka nthawi zonse amakhala okhudza kukhala nthawi yayitali yokhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira cha obwereka komanso nyumba yokhazikika.
Kusiyana kumeneku n'kofunika kwambiri, chifukwa nyumba zobwereka zokhala nthawi yochepa zikuonedwa kuti ndi nyumba yosakanikirana yokhala ndi malonda, osati nyumba wamba.
Chikalata chogawa: maziko ovomerezeka mkati mwa HOA
Pafupifupi mkangano uliwonse wokhudza kubwereka nyumba za nyumba za anthu afupiafupi, chikalata chimodzi chimakhala chofunikira kwambiri: chikalata chogawa nyumba. Chikalatachi chimapanga maziko a malamulo achinsinsi a HOA ndipo chili ndi udindo wapamwamba mwalamulo kuposa malamulo a nyumba kapena zigamulo za msonkhano waukulu.
Malamulo ambiri ogawa nyumba ali ndi gawo loti nyumbayo ipite, mwachitsanzo, kuti nyumba yachinsinsi “yasankhidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ngati nyumba”. Funso lofunika kwambiri palamulo ndilakuti lingaliro la “kugwiritsa ntchito ngati nyumba” liyenera kutanthauziridwa bwanji. Khoti Lalikulu la ku Netherlands ndi Makhoti angapo a Apilo apereka malangizo ofunikira pankhaniyi m'zaka zaposachedwa.
Lamulo lokhazikika pamilandu ndilakuti "kugwiritsa ntchito ngati nyumba" nthawi zambiri kumatanthauza kukhala kolimba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti wokhalamo amakhala ndi nyumba yake yayikulu m'nyumbamo ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumasonyeza kuti ndi kosatha. Pamene nyumbayo imabwerekedwa mobwerezabwereza kwa anthu osiyanasiyana, makamaka pamitengo yamalonda komanso ndi ntchito zina, makhoti amaona kuti izi ndi zongogwiritsa ntchito bizinesi. M'mikhalidwe yotereyi, kugwiritsa ntchito sikumaonedwanso ngati nyumba yokhalamo, koma kumafanana ndi kuyendetsa hotelo kapena nyumba yogona.
Zoletsa kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika malonda ndi malamulo a chitsanzo
Kuwonjezera pa gawo lopita, zikalata zambiri zogawa kapena malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito chitsanzo ali ndi mfundo zoletsa kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika malonda. Malamulo a Chitsanzo cha 2017, makamaka, amachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pankhaniyi. Poyesa kutsata malamulo, makhothi samayang'ana kokha mawu a malamulowo, komanso momwe kubwereka kumachitikira m'njira yeniyeni.
Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zikuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa anthu obwereka nyumba, kuchuluka kwa ntchito zina zomwe zimaperekedwa, monga ntchito zoyeretsa kapena za nsalu, ndi momwe nyumbayo imagulitsidwira. Pamene nyumbayo ikuoneka ngati yogwiritsidwa ntchito mwaukadaulo, zimakhala zosavuta kuti ionedwe kuti sikugwirizana ndi dzina la nyumbayo.
Kukwera kwa VAT ndi mtundu wamalonda wa lendi zogona nthawi yochepa
Chinthu china chomwe chili ndi mphamvu yowonjezera mu 2026 ndi kukwera kwa VAT pa lendi ya nthawi yochepa kufika pa 21 peresenti. Kusintha kwachuma kumeneku sikungowonjezera ndalama kwa eni nyumba. Kumalimbitsa maganizo a wopanga malamulo kuti lendi ya nthawi yochepa ndi ntchito yamalonda osati lendi wamba.
Pa mikangano pakati pa nyumba za HOA ndi eni nyumba, chiyeneretso cha VAT ichi chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochirikiza mfundo yakuti kukhala nthawi yochepa sikuloledwa kukhala m'nyumba mwachizolowezi. Ngakhale kuti malamulo amisonkho ndi malamulo aboma ndi osiyana mwalamulo, magulu awo akugwirizana kwambiri.
Zindapusa ndi kukakamiza mkati mwa HOA
Ma HOA ambiri amafuna kukakamiza kuti chikalata chogawa chitsatire malamulo a nyumba chitsatire malamulo a nyumba. Mfundo yofunika kwambiri pankhaniyi ndi yakuti malamulo a nyumba sangabweretse ziletso zatsopano zomwe sizili kale ndi maziko a chikalata chogawa.
Chindapusa cha lendi ya nthawi yochepa chimagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati chikalata chogawa kapena malamulo oyenera ali kale ndi chiletso pakugwiritsa ntchito malonda kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mosiyana ndi zomwe zili m'nyumba. Malamulo a nyumba angatchulenso chiletso choterocho, koma sangachiwonjezere. Kusiyana kumeneku ndikofunikira ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhala chinsinsi cha milandu.
Udindo wa boma poyerekeza ndi udindo wa HOA
Maganizo olakwika ambiri ndi akuti chilolezo cha boma chokhala ndi nyumba yaufupi kapena yoyendera alendo chimapatsa mwini nyumbayo ufulu wobwereka nyumbayo. Izi sizolondola. Maboma amayesa kutsatira malamulo aboma, makamaka malamulo okhudza nyumba ndi malamulo am'deralo. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ma HOA amagwira ntchito mkati mwa malamulo achinsinsi, makamaka potengera chikalata chogawa nyumba ndi malamulo.
Machitidwe amenewa alipo pamodzi. Chifukwa chake n'zotheka kuti mwini nyumba akhale ndi zilolezo zonse zofunika za boma, koma khoti likapempha HOA, limulamula kuti asiye kubwereka nyumba kwakanthawi kochepa ndikulipira zilango zazikulu. Mwachidule, kusiyana kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumakhala kodabwitsa kwa eni nyumba.
Zoopsa kwa eni nyumba
Kubwereka nyumba mophwanya malamulo a HOA kumabweretsa zoopsa zazikulu. Ma HOA akuyamba kuyambitsa njira zochepetsera nthawi yomweyo kuti aletse kubwereka nyumba zaufupi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimalipira ndalama zambiri patsiku.
Muzochitika zapadera, makamaka pamene pali vuto lalikulu komanso lopitirira, mwini nyumba angalandidwe ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito nyumba yake kwakanthawi. Kuphatikiza apo, nkhani za inshuwaransi zimakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Ma inshuwaransi ambiri omanga omwe ali ndi HOAs sapereka chithandizo cha kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kugwiriridwa ntchito kwa malonda. Ngati moto kapena kuwonongeka kwa madzi kwachitika, izi zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu zachuma, osati kwa mwini nyumba yekha, komanso kwa HOA yonse.
Kutsiliza
Pofika chaka cha 2026, mwayi wobwereka nyumba zokhala ndi anthu ochepa mkati mwa dongosolo la HOA wakhala wochepa kwambiri. Malamulo, milandu, ndi chitukuko cha zachuma zonse zikusonyeza mbali imodzi: nyumba zokhala ndi anthu ochepa zimaonedwa ngati njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndalama zamalonda zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi malo okhala.
Kwa a HOA, ndikofunikira kusunga malamulo awo aposachedwa, kukhazikitsa mfundo zomveka bwino zotsatirira malamulo komanso kuchita zinthu mosasinthasintha. Kwa eni nyumba, kuyika ndalama m'nyumba zobwereka nyumba zazifupi popanda kuwunika koyambirira kwa malamulo kumakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu.
Kodi mukukangana pankhani yokhudza lendi ya nyumba zogona nthawi yochepa mkati mwa HOA yanu, kapena mukufuna kuwunika pasadakhale ngati nyumba yanu yogona nthawi yochepa ikuloledwa? Law & More amalangiza onse a HOA ndi eni nyumba za nyumba pa ufulu wawo, maudindo awo, ndi njira zawo zanzeru.
FAQ
Kodi HOA ingaletse kwathunthu kubwereka nyumba kwa anthu okhala nthawi yochepa?
Inde, HOA ikhoza kuletsa kubwereka nyumba zokhala ndi nyumba zazifupi ngati izi zikuchokera ku chikalata chogawa nyumba. Ngati chikalatacho chikunena kuti nyumba zokhala ndi nyumba zokha ndi zoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito m'mabizinesi, makhothi amavomereza kuti kubwereka nyumba zokhala ndi nyumba zazifupi mobwerezabwereza sikuloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba.
Kodi nthawi yochepa yogona nthawi zonse imayenerera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalonda?
Osati zokha, koma nthawi zambiri zimachitika. Makhothi amawunika zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa anthu obwereka nyumba, nthawi yomwe amakhala, gulu lomwe akufuna komanso ngati pali ntchito zina zomwe zimaperekedwa. Ngati nyumba yobwereka ikufanana ndi malo ogona akatswiri, ndiye kuti imaonedwa ngati yogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri.
Nanga bwanji ngati wobwereka nyumbayo akhalabe kwa miyezi ingapo?
Kukhala nthawi yayitali sikutanthauza kuti munthu azikhala m'nyumba imodzi yokha. Ngakhale nyumba yobwereka ya miyezi ingapo ikhoza kukhala nthawi yochepa ngati nyumbayo ikubwerekedwa mobwerezabwereza kwa anthu osiyanasiyana omwe alibe nyumba yokhazikika.
Kodi malamulo a nyumba okha ndi omwe angaletse kubwereka nyumba kwa kanthawi kochepa?
Ayi. Malamulo a Nyumba ya Malamulo sangabweretse ziletso zatsopano zomwe sizinakhazikitsidwe kale mu chikalata chogawa kapena malamulo oyenera. Angangotchulanso zoletsa zomwe zilipo kale.
Kodi chilolezo cha boma chimaposa ziletso za HOA?
Ayi. Chilolezo cha boma chimakhudza kutsatira malamulo a boma okha. Zoletsa za HOA zimachokera ku malamulo achinsinsi ndipo zimakakamizika kugwira ntchito mokwanira, ngakhale zilolezo zonse za boma zilipo.
Kodi HOA ingapereke chindapusa kwa anthu okhala m'nyumba nthawi yochepa?
Inde, bola ngati chindapusacho chikuchokera pa chiletso chovomerezeka mu chikalata chogawa kapena malamulo. Makhothi amafufuza mosamala ngati chindapusacho chili chofanana komanso chokhazikika.
Kodi eni nyumba amakumana ndi zoopsa zotani ngati apitiliza kubwereka nyumba kwa kanthawi kochepa ngakhale kuti pali ena omwe akutsutsa?
Eni nyumba angakumane ndi ziletso za khoti, malipiro akuluakulu a chilango, kutayika kwakanthawi kwa kugwiritsa ntchito nyumbayo komanso mavuto akuluakulu a inshuwaransi.
Kodi kukhala nthawi yochepa kungakhale kosavuta mtsogolomu?
Zochitika pakali pano za malamulo, zamilandu ndi zachuma zikusonyeza zosiyana. Kukhala m'nyumba za nyumba zogona anthu ochepa kukuyembekezeka kuyang'aniridwa kwambiri m'malo mopumula.
