Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June 2026, mkangano unabuka pa kusankhidwa kwa Donald Pols, yemwe kale anali director wa Milieudefensie, ku Tata Steel. Malinga ndi malipoti a NRC (2 June 2026), Pols adayamba sabata imeneyo ngati Chief Sustainability Officer komanso Director of Communications, koma Executive Board ya Tata Steel Netherland idaganiza kuti isapitirize naye ntchito. Chifukwa chake chinali mbiri yake yaku South Africa: malinga ndi NRC, panthawi yomwe anali wophunzira, Pols anali mtsogoleri mu gulu la ophunzira akumanja kwambiri. M'mawu ake atolankhani a pa 2 June 2026, Tata Steel Nederland idalengeza kuti ikuthetsa mgwirizano nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa si zonse zofunika ku Executive Board zomwe zidaperekedwa panthawi yosankhidwa. Malinga ndi malipotiwo, Pols mwiniwake wadzipatula ku zakale zimenezo. Kumvetsetsa nthawi yoyesedwa ndikofunikira musanasankhe zochita zanu zotsatira.
Nkhaniyi ikubweretsa funso lakale la malamulo okhudza ntchito yochotsedwa ntchito pa nthawi yoyesedwa: kodi udindo wa wantchito (woyembekezera) umafika pati poulula mfundo zachinsinsi kuchokera m'mbuyomu mwakufuna kwawo, ndipo udindo umenewo umakhudzana bwanji ndi kuletsa kusiyanitsa chifukwa cha ndale? Pansipa, ndikufotokoza malamulo. Chenjezo limodzi lokhudza mfundo zomwe zachitika pasadakhale: magwero a anthu akuwonetsa kuchotsedwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo, koma osati ngati gawo la kuyesedwa linavomerezedwa kapena ngati ichi chinali chidziwitso cha kuchotsedwa ntchito panthawi yoyesedwa. Zotsatirazi zikukambirana za vutoli ponena kuti panali gawo lovomerezeka la kuyesedwa. Dongosolo la malamulo likhoza kuwonedwa kudzera pa tsamba lovomerezeka la malamulo aku Dutch.
Kuchotsedwa ntchito panthawi yoyesedwa: kutha popanda zochitika zambiri
Ngati nthawi yoyeserera yavomerezedwa, gulu lililonse lili ndi ufulu, malinga ngati nthawiyo ilipo, kuthetsa pangano la ntchito nthawi yomweyo (Nkhani 7:676 ya Dutch Civil Code, BW). Chitetezo chachizolowezi chochotsa ntchito - kuwunikanso koteteza ndi UWV kapena khoti lachigawo, nthawi zodziwitsa, ndi zifukwa zovomerezeka zochotsera ntchito - sizigwira ntchito. Komabe, mkhalidwe ndi wakuti nthawi yoyeserera ndi yovomerezeka: iyenera kuti idavomerezedwa polemba ndipo singapitirire nthawi yayitali yovomerezeka ndi lamulo (Nkhani 7:652 BW). Bwana sayenera kupereka chifukwa chake yekha, koma ayenera kuchilemba popempha wantchito.
Komabe, mphamvu yaikulu imeneyo si yopanda malire. Kuchotsedwa ntchito mwachisawawa sikungakhale kusiyana koletsedwa. Milandu yaposachedwa imatsimikizira izi: Khoti Lalikulu la The Hague (ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2025:19487) ndi Khoti Lalikulu la North Holland (ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2025:11085) linagamula kuti wantchito sangachotsedwe ntchito panthawi yachisawawa chifukwa cha chipembedzo chake kapena chikhulupiriro chake. Ponena za ndale, malamulo ndi ofanana, ngakhale kuti chigamulo pa mfundo yeniyeniyo sichikupezekabe. Ngati munthu wachotsedwa ntchito chifukwa cha zifukwa zotetezedwa zotere, chidziwitso chochotsa ntchito chingakhale chosaloledwa kapena chotseguka kuti chitsutsidwe ngakhale panthawi yachisawawa.
Funso ndilakuti kodi nkhaniyi ikukhudza mlanduwo, kapena china chake. Malinga ndi zomwe atolankhani adalengeza, Tata Steel sikudalira maganizo a Pols, koma chifukwa chakuti si zonse zomwe zafotokozedwa zomwe zidagawidwa panthawi yosankhidwa. Izi zimasintha pakati pa nkhani yokhudza tsankho ndikupita ku funso loti ngati kubisa chidziwitso chimenecho kungathandizire kuthetsa vutoli paokha.
Kuletsa tsankho: AWGB, osati "tsankho" mwachisawawa
Pa ubale wa ntchito, chomwe chili chofunikira si "kuletsa tsankho" koma kuletsa kwapadera pansi pa Dutch Equal Treatment Act (Algemene wet gelijke behandeling, AWGB). Kugwirizana ndi ndale ndi malo otetezedwa pamenepo, m'kusiyanitsa mwachindunji komanso mwanjira ina (Article 1 AWGB). Kusiyanitsa ndikoletsedwa, pakati pa zinthu zina, popereka udindo komanso polowa ndi kuthetsa ubale wa ntchito, malinga ndi zomwe malamulo amalola (Article 5(1) AWGB).
Lamulo lotsimikizira ndi lofunikanso: ngati wantchito apereka mfundo zomwe zingapangitse kuti munthu aganize kuti pali kusiyana, ndiye kuti bwanayo ayenera kutsimikizira kuti sanachite zinthu zosemphana ndi lamulo (Article 10(1) AWGB). Kwa bwana amene amadalira china chake kupatula chigamulocho - mwachitsanzo, pobisa chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi ntchito - izi zikutanthauza kuti ayeneranso kukhala ndi mphamvu yotsimikizira kuti mfundo imeneyo ndi yomveka bwino.
Udindo woulula, zachinsinsi, ndi malire ake
Apa ndiye pali mfundo yaikulu, ndipo apa ndiye poyenera kudziletsa. Palibe lamulo lalikulu loti wofunsira ntchito ayenera kuulula, mwakufuna kwake, mbali iliyonse yakale yomwe imakhudza mbiri yake. Poyambira ndi kuti mafunso a olemba ntchito ayenera kukhala okhudzana ndi ntchito ndipo kuti chidziwitso chosagwirizana ndi chimenecho - makamaka deta yobisika - chili m'manja mwa wofunsirayo. Malingaliro andale ndi magulu apadera a deta yaumwini: kusanthula kwawo ndikoletsedwa (Nkhani 9 GDPR ndi Nkhani 22 ya Dutch GDPR Implementation Act, UAVG), malinga ndi zosiyana kwathunthu. Makamaka pa malingaliro andale, kupatula kochepa kokha komwe kumagwira ntchito (Nkhani 26 UAVG). Chifukwa chake, olemba ntchito sangangofunsa za deta yotere kapena kuigwiritsa ntchito.
Kumbali ina, kupereka chidziwitso cholakwika kapena chosakwanira chokhudza mfundo zofunika pa udindowu kungakhale kovuta kwambiri mu lamulo la ntchito - makamaka pamene pakhala funso lomveka bwino lokhudza izi, kapena pamene udindowo umapereka zofunikira zinazake zokhutiritsa kapena zoyenera. Maziko ake si "udindo wodzifunira woulula", koma kuphatikiza chiphunzitso cha cholakwika (Nkhani 6:228 BW), kufunika kwa chidziwitsocho pantchito, ndi miyambo yotseguka ya machitidwe abwino a olemba ntchito ndi antchito.
Lamulo la mlandu likuwonetsa kulemera kwake. Mu ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2026:2453, kulephera — pambuyo pa mafunso omveka bwino — kuulula vuto lalikulu ndi ngongole kunali kokwanira kuganiza kuti pali chifukwa chofulumira chochotsera ntchito; khoti lachigawo linagamulanso kuti kuletsa ntchito popanda chifukwa chifukwa cha kulakwitsa kapena chinyengo kukanakhala kovomerezeka. Mu ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2026:1077, kuchotsedwa ntchito kwa nthawi yoyesedwa kunatsimikiziridwa pambuyo poti chidziwitso chatsopano chokhudza bizinesi ya wantchitoyo chadziwika: olemba ntchito anali ndi ufulu woganiziranso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito ntchitoyo komanso kuyenerera kwake pamaziko amenewo. Zigamulo zimenezo zimatsimikizira kuti nkhani za mbiri ndi umphumphu zingakhale zofunikira, koma osati kuti udindo wodziyimira pawokha woulula ulipo nthawi zonse.
Kugwiritsa ntchito pankhaniyi: Apolisi adasankhidwa kukhala mtsogoleri wa kampani yokhazikika komanso yolumikizana ndi anthu nthawi zonse, komwe kudalirika ndi mbiri ndizofunikira kwambiri paudindowu. Ngati mbiri yakale yobisika ili ndi mphamvu zokwanira pazochitika zimenezo kuti ithandizire kuchotsedwa ntchito kumadalira mfundo zenizeni: zomwe zidafunsidwa, momwe chidziwitsocho chinali chogwirizana ndi ntchito, ndi zomwe olemba ntchitowo ankadziwa kapena akanatha kudziwa.
Mbali ina: udindo wa olemba ntchito kufufuza
Udindo wa wantchito wopereka chidziwitso ndi udindo wa bwana kufufuza. Munthu amene walephera kufufuza bwino pambuyo pake adzavutika kudalira cholakwika: cholakwika chomwe chimabwera chifukwa cha kusasamala kwake chimakhalabe ndi ndalama za bwanayo (Nkhani 6:228(2) BW). Pa nthawi yoikidwa paudindo pamlingo uwu, kufufuza ndi kufufuza mbiri yake — mkati mwa malire a GDPR ndi kufanana kwake — tsopano zakhala zofala.
Komabe kusafufuza sikumasula wantchitoyo pa udindo wake. Mfundo ikamveka bwino ikakhudzana ndi ntchito ndipo anthu akafunsa za ntchitoyo, ndiye kuti kuletsa kwake ntchitoyo kumavuta kwambiri - ngakhale olemba ntchitowo akanatha kuyang'anitsitsa.
Mapeto ndi mfundo zofunika kuziganizira
Nkhaniyi ikusonyeza kuti mafunso awiri ayenera kukhala osiyana kwambiri, ndipo zotsatira zake zimadalira zenizeni.
Funso loyamba ndi lakuti kodi pali kusiyana koletsedwa pazifukwa zandale? Ngati ndi choncho, AWGB imapereka chitetezo, kuphatikizapo nthawi yoyesedwa, ndipo bwana ali ndi udindo waukulu wotsimikizira. Funso lachiwiri ndi lakuti kodi bwana angadalire bwanji kubisa chidziwitso chofunikira pa udindowo. Zimenezo, nthawi zina, zingapereke chifukwa chochotsera ntchito kapena kuletsa chifukwa cha kulakwitsa kapena chinyengo, koma pokhapokha ngati mafunso enieni, kufunika kwa ntchito, ndi udindo wa bwana zikuthandizira.
Kwa antchito, izi zikutanthauza kuti: simuyenera kuuza ena chilichonse, koma pamene mukudziwa kuti mfundo yochokera m'mbuyomu ndi yofunika kwambiri pa udindo weniweniwo - makamaka pamene yafunsidwa mwachindunji - chete chingakuwonongereni ndalama zambiri.
Kwa olemba ntchito, izi zikutanthauza: kukhulupirika kwa dzina ndi mbiri zimawopseza mwachindunji pakulemba anthu ntchito, kufunsa mafunso olunjika, ndikulemba zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri pakusankhidwa. Kudalira kwambiri kusunga ndalama kumakhala kolimba mwalamulo, m'pamene olemba ntchito amawonekera bwino pasadakhale zomwe akufuna kudziwa.
MAFUNSO OFUNSIDWA KAWIRIKAWIRI
Kodi olemba ntchito angandichotse ntchito panthawi yoyeserera?
Ngati nthawi yovomerezeka yoyeserera yavomerezedwa polemba (Nkhani 7:652 BW), pangano la ntchito lingathe kuthetsedwa nthawi yomweyo malinga ngati nthawiyo itatha, popanda nthawi yodziwitsa komanso popanda kuunikanso ndi UWV kapena khoti (Nkhani 7:676 BW). Chifukwa chake sichiyenera kuperekedwa mwa kufuna kwa olemba ntchito okha, koma chiyenera kudziwitsidwa kwa inu mwa kulemba ngati mwapempha. Kuchotsedwa ntchito komwe kuli ngati kusiyana koletsedwa sikuloledwanso panthawi yoyesedwa.
Kodi ndiyenera kuuza bwana watsopano za moyo wanga wakale ndekha?
Osati pa chilichonse. Poyambira ndichakuti chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi ntchito chokhacho chomwe chiyenera kufufuzidwa, ndipo chidziwitso chachinsinsi chimagwera m'malo mwanu achinsinsi. Komabe, kupereka chidziwitso cholakwika kapena chosakwanira chokhudza mfundo zofunika paudindowu kungakhale kovuta kwambiri, makamaka ngati pakhala funso lomveka bwino lokhudza izi kapena pomwe udindowo umapereka zofunikira zinazake za umphumphu kapena zoyenera.
Kodi olemba ntchito angandikane kapena kundichotsa ntchito chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro changa cha ndale?
Kugwirizana ndi ndale ndi malo otetezedwa pansi pa Dutch Equal Treatment Act. Kusiyanitsa n'koletsedwa, pakati pa zinthu zina, kupereka udindo ndi kulowa ndi kuthetsa ubale wantchito (Article 5 AWGB), malinga ndi malamulo ena. Ngati mupereka mfundo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana, olemba ntchito ayenera kutsimikizira kuti sanachite mosemphana ndi lamulo (Article 10 AWGB).
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa udindo woulula ndi udindo wofufuza?
Udindo woulula uli pa wopempha ntchito, udindo wofufuza uli pa bwana. Bwana amene walephera kufufuza bwino adzavutika kudalira cholakwika (Nkhani 6:228(2) BW). Komabe udindo wa wantchito sumangotha: chifukwa mfundo yofunikira pantchito, ndithudi pambuyo pa mafunso ofunikira, kuletsa ntchitoyo kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.
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