Bungwe la Supervisory Board (pambuyo pake 'SB') ndi bungwe la BV ndi NV lomwe liri ndi ntchito yoyang'anira ndondomeko ya bungwe loyang'anira ndi zochitika zonse za kampaniyo ndi mabungwe ake ogwirizana (Ndime 2: 140/250 ndime 2 ya Dutch Civil Code ('DCC')). Cholinga cha nkhaniyi ndikupereka kufotokozera mwachidule za bungweli.
Choyamba, zimafotokozedwa pamene SB ndiyovomerezeka komanso momwe imapangidwira. Kachiwiri, ntchito zazikulu za SB zimayankhidwa. Kenako, mphamvu zamalamulo za SB zikufotokozedwa. Mphamvu zowonjezera za SB mu kampani yamagulu awiri amakambidwa. Pomaliza, nkhaniyi ikumaliza ndi chidule chachidule monga chomaliza.
Kukhazikitsa kosankha ndi zofunika zake
Mwachidule, kusankhidwa kwa SB sikofunikira kwa ma NV ndi ma BV. Izi ndizosiyana pankhani ya kampani yokakamiza yokhala ndi magulu awiri (onaninso pansipa). Ikhozanso kukhala udindo wotsatira malamulo angapo a magawo (monga mabanki ndi makampani a inshuwaransi motsatira nkhani 3:19 ya Financial Supervision Act). Oyang'anira oyang'anira amatha kusankhidwa pokhapokha ngati pali maziko okhazikika ochitira izi.
Komabe, Bungwe la Enterprise Chamber lingasankhe director woyang'anira ngati gawo lapadera komanso lomaliza mu njira yofufuzira , lomwe maziko otere safunikira. Ngati munthu asankha bungwe losankha la SB, ayenera kuphatikiza bungweli mu zolemba za mgwirizano (pakukhazikitsidwa kwa kampani kapena pambuyo pake posintha zolemba za mgwirizano).
Izi zitha kuchitika, mwachitsanzo, popanga bungwe molunjika muzolemba za mayanjano kapena kulipangitsa kuti likhale lodalira chigamulo chabungwe lamakampani monga msonkhano waukulu wa omwe ali ndi masheya ('GMS'). Ndizothekanso kupangitsa bungwe kudalira nthawi (mwachitsanzo, chaka chimodzi pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa kampani) pambuyo pake chisankho china sichifunikira. Mosiyana ndi bungwe, sizingatheke kusankha anthu ovomerezeka ngati oyang'anira oyang'anira.
Oyang'anira oyang'anira motsutsana ndi omwe samayang'anira
Kupatula SB mumagulu awiri, ndizothekanso kusankha gulu la gulu limodzi. Zikatero komitiyi imakhala ndi mitundu iwiri ya otsogolera, omwe ndi otsogolera akuluakulu ndi omwe si a Executive. Ntchito za oyang'anira omwe si akulu akulu ndi zofanana ndi za oyang'anira oyang'anira mu SB.
Choncho, nkhaniyi ikugwiranso ntchito kwa otsogolera omwe si akuluakulu. Nthawi zina amatsutsidwa kuti chifukwa oyang'anira akuluakulu ndi omwe sali akuluakulu amakhala m'bungwe lomwelo, pali malire ochepa a udindo wa otsogolera omwe si akuluakulu chifukwa cha kuthekera kwabwino kwa chidziwitso. Komabe, malingaliro amagawanika pa izi ndipo, kuwonjezera apo, zimadalira kwambiri zochitika za mlanduwo. Sizingatheke kukhala ndi otsogolera omwe si akuluakulu ndi SB (nkhani 2: 140 / 250 ndime 1 ya DCC).
Ntchito za Supervisory Board
Ntchito zalamulo za SB zimangokhala ntchito yoyang'anira ndi upangiri mokhudzana ndi komiti yoyang'anira ndi zochitika zonse pakampani (nkhani 2: 140/250 ndime 2 ya DCC). Kuphatikiza apo, SB ilinso ndi ntchito ngati olemba anzawo board, chifukwa imasankha kapena ili ndi gawo lalikulu pakusankha, (kukonzanso) kuyimitsidwa, kuchotsedwa ntchito, kulipidwa, kugawana ntchito ndikukula kwa mamembala a komiti yoyang'anira . Komabe, palibe ubale pakati pa oyang'anira ndi SB. Iwo ndi mabungwe awiri osiyana, lirilonse liri ndi ntchito zawo ndi mphamvu zawo. Ntchito zazikulu za SB zimafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane pansipa.
Ntchito yoyang'anira
Ntchito yoyang'anira ikutanthauza kuti SB imayang'anira kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake ndi zochitika zonse. Izi zikuphatikiza, mwachitsanzo, kagwiridwe ka kasamalidwe, kayendetsedwe ka kampani, momwe ndalama zilili komanso malipoti okhudzana nawo, zoopsa zakampani, kutsatira ndi mfundo zachitukuko. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyang'aniridwa kwa SB mu kampani ya makolo kumafikiranso ku mfundo zamagulu. Kuphatikiza apo, sizongoyang'anira kokha pambuyo poti zichitike, komanso pakuwunika mfundo (za nthawi yayitali) zomwe zikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito (mwachitsanzo, ndalama kapena mapulani amachitidwe) moyenera pamalire oyendetsera kayendetsedwe kake. Palinso kuyang'anira kwa oyang'anira moyang'anizana.
Udindo walangizo
Kuphatikiza apo, pali ntchito yolangiza ya SB, yomwe imakhudzanso njira zingapo za kasamalidwe. Izi sizitanthauza kuti upangiri umafunika pachisankho chilichonse chomwe akutsogolera. Kupatula apo, kupanga zisankho pakampani tsiku ndi tsiku ndi gawo limodzi laudindo wa manejala. Komabe, SB ikhoza kupereka upangiri wofunsidwa komanso wosapemphedwa. Malangizowa sayenera kutsatiridwa chifukwa komiti, monga tanenera, ndiyodziyimira pawokha pazisankho zake. Komabe, upangiri wa SB uyenera kutsatiridwa mozama potengera kulemera komwe SB imalumikiza upangiriwo.
Ntchito za SB siziphatikizapo mphamvu zoyimira. Mwachidule, SB kapena mamembala ake onse ali ndi ufulu woyimira BV kapena NV (kupatulapo zochepa zomwe zaperekedwa ndi lamulo). Chifukwa chake, izi sizingaphatikizidwe mu zolemba za mgwirizano, pokhapokha ngati zikutsatira lamulo.
Mphamvu Za Bungwe La Oyang'anira
Kuphatikiza apo, SB ili ndi mphamvu zingapo kutsatira malinga ndi malamulo kapena zolemba. Awa ndi ena mwamalamulo ofunikira a SB:
- Kuyimitsidwa kwa owongolera, pokhapokha atafotokozedwera munkhani zoyanjana (Article 2: 147/257 DCC): kuyimitsidwa kwakanthawi kwa director pamaudindo ake ndi mphamvu zake, monga kutenga nawo mbali popanga zisankho ndikuyimira.
- Kupanga zisankho pakakhala zotsutsana ndi mamembala a komiti yoyang'anira (Article 2: 129/239 gawo 6 DCC).
- Kuvomerezeka ndi kusaina kwa pempho la kasamalidwe kophatikizana kapena demerger (nkhani 2: 312 / 334f sub 4 DCC).
- Kuvomerezeka kwamaakaunti apachaka (nkhani 2: 101/210 gawo 1 DCC).
- Pankhani ya kampani yomwe yatchulidwa: kutsatira, kusunga ndikuwulula kayendetsedwe ka kampani.
Bungwe loyang'anira m'makampani ovomerezeka awiri
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ndikukakamizidwa kukhazikitsa SB pakampani yovomerezeka ya magawo awiri. Kuphatikiza apo, bungweli limakhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezera, motengera ulamuliro wa General Meeting of Shareholders. Pansi pa board-tier board system, SB ili ndi mphamvu zovomereza zisankho zofunika kasamalidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, pansi pa dongosolo lonse lamagulu awiri a SB ali ndi mphamvu zosankha ndikuchotsa mamembala a board (nkhani 2: 162/272 DCC), pomwe pakampani yanthawi zonse kapena yocheperako iyi ndi mphamvu ya GMS (nkhani 2: 155/265 DCC).
Pomaliza, mu kampani yovomerezeka ya magawo awiri a SB amasankhidwanso ndi Msonkhano Waukulu wa Ogawana nawo, koma SB ili ndi ufulu wosankha oyang'anira oyang'anira kuti asankhidwe (ndime 2:158/268(4) DCC). Ngakhale kuti GMS ndi Works Council akhoza kupanga malingaliro, SB sichimangika ndi izi, kupatulapo kusankhidwa kwa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a SB ndi WC. GMS ikhoza kukana kusankhidwa ndi mavoti ambiri ndipo ngati izi zikuyimira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a likulu.
Kutsiliza
Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi yakupatsani lingaliro labwino la SB. Kufotokozera mwachidule, pokhapokha ngati udindo ukutsatira malamulo enieni kapena pamene dongosolo lamagulu awiri likugwira ntchito, kusankhidwa kwa SB sikuli kovomerezeka. Kodi mukufuna kutero? Ngati ndi choncho, izi zikhoza kuphatikizidwa m’nkhani za mayanjano m’njira zosiyanasiyana. M'malo mwa SB, gulu la gulu limodzi lingasankhidwenso. Ntchito zazikulu za SB ndi kuyang'anira ndi upangiri, koma kuwonjezera apo SB imatha kuwonedwanso ngati olemba ntchito oyang'anira.
Mphamvu zambiri zimatsatiridwa ndi lamulo ndipo zimatha kutsatira kuchokera kuzinthu zamagulu, zofunika kwambiri zomwe tazilemba pansipa. Pomaliza, tawonetsa kuti pakampani yamagulu awiri, mphamvu zingapo zimaperekedwa ndi GMS ku SB ndi zomwe zikuphatikiza.
Kodi mudakali ndi mafunso mukawerenga nkhaniyi yokhudza komiti yoyang'anira (ntchito zake ndi mphamvu zake), kukhazikitsa komiti yoyang'anira, gulu limodzi komanso magawo awiri kapena kampani yovomerezeka yamagulu awiri? Mutha kulumikizana Law & More pa mafunso anu onse pamutuwu, komanso enanso ambiri. Maloya athu amadziwika bwino pakati, mwa ena, malamulo amakampani ndipo amakhala okonzeka kukuthandizani.
