Lamulo la nyengo ku Netherlands: Lamulo la nyengo, Pangano la nyengo ndi Urgenda zafotokozedwa

Lamulo la nyengo la ku Netherlands limadalira magawo atatu, ndipo kusakaniza kumeneku ndi komwe chisokonezo chachikulu chimayambira. Lamulo la Nyengo (Klimaatwet) limamanga boma kuti lichepetse mpweya woipa ndi 55% pofika chaka cha 2030 poyerekeza ndi chaka cha 1990 ndi zero pofika chaka cha 2050; silimakakamiza makampani mwachindunji. Pangano la Nyengo (Klimaatakkoord) la 2019 si lamulo, ndipo chigamulo cha 2019 cha Urgenda chinasonyeza kuti ntchito za nyengo za Boma zitha kukakamizidwa kukhothi.

Kodi lamulo la nyengo limakonza chiyani?

Lamulo la Zanyengo limapatsa zolinga za dzikolo udindo wovomerezeka ndipo limakhazikitsa dongosolo ndi malipoti ozungulira iwo. Malinga ndi Nkhani 2 ya lamuloli, boma likufuna kuchepetsa ndi 55% pofika chaka cha 2030 komanso kuchepetsa mpweya woipa pofika chaka cha 2050.

Boma limagwiritsa ntchito dongosolo la nyengo (klimaatplan) lomwe lidzakhale zaka khumi zikubwerazi ndipo lidzasinthidwanso osachepera zaka zisanu zilizonse (Nkhani 4). Chaka chilichonse bungwe la Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL) limafalitsa lipoti la nyengo ndi mphamvu, lomwe limapita ku Nyumba Yamalamulo Lachiwiri lachitatu la mwezi wa Seputembala pamodzi ndi chikalata cha boma cha nyengo (klimaatnota) (Nkhani 6 ndi 7).

Lamuloli limamanga boma, osati makampani kapena nzika payokha. Zolinga zake zalimbikitsidwa kuyambira pomwe lamuloli lidaperekedwa koyamba mu 2019, choncho onani zomwe zili pa wetten.overheid.nl m'malo mwa ndemanga zakale.

Kodi Pangano la Nyengo limagwira ntchito mwalamulo?

Osati yokha. Pangano la Nyengo ndi ndondomeko ya 2019 yomwe inavomerezedwa pakati pa boma, mafakitale, mabungwe ogwirizana ndi mabungwe oteteza chilengedwe, yokhudza magetsi, mafakitale, malo omanga, kuyenda ndi ulimi. Chomwe chimakukakamizani ndi lamulo lomwe linatengedwa kuti likwaniritse izi, monga malamulo omwe ali pansi pa Environment and Planning Act (Omgevingswet).

Kodi Khoti Lalikulu linagamula chiyani pa mlandu wa Urgenda?

Pa 20 Disembala 2019 Khoti Lalikulu (Hoge Raad) linavomereza lamulo lakuti Boma liyenera kuchepetsa mpweya woipa womwe umawononga chilengedwe ndi osachepera 25% pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2020, poyerekeza ndi milingo ya 1990 ( ECLI:NL:HR:2019:2007 ). Maziko ake anali maudindo abwino a Boma motsatira Nkhani 2 ndi 8 za Mgwirizano wa ku Ulaya pa Ufulu wa Anthu, osati malamulo a nyengo aku Netherlands.

Chigamulocho chinatsimikizira kuti ntchito zokhudzana ndi nyengo zitha kutsatiridwa kudzera m'makhothi. Pa mlandu wotsutsana ndi Shell, Khoti Loona za Apilo ku The Hague linagamula pa 12 Novembala 2024 kuti kampani ilinso ndi udindo wothandiza kuthana ndi kusintha koopsa kwa nyengo, koma linakana kupereka cholinga chochepetsa ndi 45% ( ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2024:2099 ).

Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani kwa kampani yanu?

Mabizinesi ambiri amaona dongosolo la nyengo kudzera mu maudindo enieni osati zolinga za dziko. Chitsanzo chomveka bwino ndi udindo wosunga mphamvu (energiebesparingssplicht): malo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi a 50,000 kWh kapena 25,000 m³ ya gasi wachilengedwe (wofanana) kapena kuposerapo pachaka ayenera kutenga njira zonse zosunga mphamvu zomwe zimabwezera mkati mwa zaka zisanu, motsatira Nkhani 5.15 ya Lamulo la Ntchito Zachilengedwe (Bal) ndi Nkhani 3.84 ya Lamulo la Nyumba (Bbl).

Pansi pa udindo wodziwitsa (informatieplicht) mumapereka malipoti a izi ku Netherlands Enterprise Agency (RVO) kamodzi pa zaka zinayi zilizonse. Maudindo ena amachokera ku malonda a utsi wa EU pamakina omwe amagwera mkati mwake, zikhalidwe za chilolezo, malamulo a EU okhudza kukhazikika kwa zinthu komanso zofunikira za obwereketsa ndi anzawo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapitirira malire a lamulo.

Kodi muyenera kuyang'ana chiyani ngati kampani?

• Kaya mphamvu zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito pachaka pamalo aliwonse zimafika pa 50,000 kWh yamagetsi kapena 25,000 m³ ya mpweya.
• Kaya munapereka lipoti la zaka zinayi lopulumutsa mphamvu ku RVO.
• Kaya chilolezo chanu choteteza chilengedwe kapena malamulo onse amaika mikhalidwe yotulutsa mpweya kapena mphamvu pamalo anu.
• Kaya kukhazikitsa kwanu kukutsatira dongosolo la malonda a utsi wa EU.
• Ndi magawo ati a nyengo ndi malipoti omwe mapangano anu a ngongole ndi mapangano ofunikira ali nawo.

Kodi tingakuchitireni chiyani ndi lamulo la nyengo ndi mphamvu?

Maloya athu amagetsi amathandiza makampani ndi maudindo awa, mwachitsanzo:

• Timalemba mndandanda wa maudindo a nyengo ndi mphamvu omwe amagwira ntchito pa tsamba lililonse la malo anu.
• Timafufuza ngati mukukwaniritsa udindo wanu wosunga mphamvu komanso udindo wodziwitsa za RVO.
• Timawunikanso mfundo zokhudzana ndi nyengo ndi kukhazikika kwa zinthu mu mgwirizano wanu wa ndalama ndi zinthu.
• Timayankha m'malo mwanu makalata okakamiza ochokera ku bungwe loona za chilengedwe (omgevingsdienst).
• Timayesa zomwe mabungwe omwe si a boma ndi mabungwe ena amafuna potengera udindo wosamalira nyengo.

Chidule

• Lamulo la Zanyengo limakakamiza boma kuchepetsa ndi 55% pofika chaka cha 2030 ndi zero pofika chaka cha 2050, ndi dongosolo la zaka khumi la nyengo ndi malipoti apachaka.
• Pangano la Nyengo palokha si lamulo; limakhala lokakamiza kudzera m'malamulo omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito.
• Chigamulo cha Urgenda (20 Disembala 2019) chinatsimikizira kuti udindo wa Boma pa nkhani ya nyengo ukhoza kukakamizidwa ndi khoti la ku Netherlands.
• Pa mlandu wa Shell (12 Novembala 2024) Khoti Loona za Apilo linavomereza udindo wa kampani wothandiza kuthana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo, koma linakana kukhazikitsa cholinga chochepetsera.
• Udindo wanu wa tsiku ndi tsiku umachokera ku malamulo osunga mphamvu, chilolezo, malamulo okhudza kugulitsa utsi woipa, ndi malipoti, komanso kuchokera ku mapangano anu.

MAFUNSO OFUNSIDWA KAWIRIKAWIRI