VOF ndi chisudzulo: mumasiyana bwanji ngati okwatirana komanso ogwirizana nawo pabizinesi?

Ngati inu ndi mnzanu muchita mgwirizano wamba ( vennootschap onder firma , VOF) pamodzi, chisudzulo chimathetsa maubwenzi awiri nthawi imodzi: ukwati ndi mgwirizano. Chilichonse chimatsatira malamulo ake, ndipo chosiyana chachikulu ndi kulekana bwino ndi udindo: mnzanu aliyense amakhalabe ndi udindo kwa omwe amabwereketsa ngongole za mgwirizano, chilichonse chomwe mungagwirizane pakati panu pakusudzulana.

Mgwirizanowu umachitidwa motsatira mgwirizano wa mgwirizano ndi lamulo la mgwirizano. Izi zimatsimikiza ngati mnzawo m'modzi angapitirize bizinesiyo yekha, pamaziko omwe winayo wagulidwa, ndi zomwe zimachitika ngati palibe amene akufuna kupitiriza. Popanda mgwirizano, malamulo okhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo amagwira ntchito, ndipo nthawi zambiri samagwirizana ndi zomwe mnzawoyo ankaganiza. VOF si bungwe lovomerezeka. Malinga ndi Nkhani 18 ya Dutch Commercial Code ( Wetboek van Koophandel , WvK), mnzawo aliyense ali ndi udindo wogwirizana komanso payekhapayekha pazoyenera zake. Udindo umenewo sutha ndi chisudzulo: mnzawo amene wachoka amakhalabe ndi udindo pazoyenera zomwe zidachitika pamene anali mnzawo, ndipo amafunika mgwirizano ndi obwereketsa kuti amasulidwe.

Ukwati umachitidwa motsatira lamulo la katundu wa m'banja. Ngati gawo la mgwirizano lili m'gulu la katundu, mtengo wake umagawidwa. Ngati muli ndi mapangano asanakwatirane, zotsatira zake zimadalira zomwe akunena komanso, makamaka, ngati gawo lokhazikika nthawi ndi nthawi linachitidwadi. Malinga ndi Nkhani 1:95a ya Dutch Civil Code (BW), anthu ammudzi nawonso akhoza kukhala ndi ufulu wolandira chipukuta misozi ngati mwamuna kapena mkazi wake adagwira ntchito mu bizinesi yake yachinsinsi popanda malipiro oyenera.

Kuwerengera mtengo ndi komwe zinthu ziwirizi zimakumana, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhala mkangano weniweni: tsiku lowerengera mtengo lomwe limagwira ntchito, ngati ubwino ndi wofunika, komanso momwe mungawerengere mtengo wa bizinesi yomwe imadalira khama la mnzanu m'modzi.

M'machitidwe, zimathandiza kupanga zisankho motere: choyamba kukhazikitsa dongosolo la katundu wanu waukwati ndi mgwirizano, kenako bizinesiyo ikhale yamtengo wapatali, kenako sankhani pakati pa kugula, kugulitsa ndi kuthetsa, kenako ndikulemba zonse mu mgwirizano wothetsa ndikukonzekera kumasulidwa ku mlandu.

Kodi kulekana kwa anthu awiri kumatanthauza chiyani kwa okwatirana omwe ali mu bizinesi?

Mumathetsa ukwati ndi mgwirizano wa bizinesi nthawi imodzi, motsatira malamulo awiri. Chitani zonse ziwiri pamodzi, apo ayi chisankho chokhudza bizinesiyo chingasokoneze mgwirizano wa chisudzulo, kapena mwanjira ina.

Kodi malamulo awiriwa amagwirizana bwanji?

Ndondomeko yanu ya katundu wa m'banja imatsimikizira momwe katundu ndi ngongole zachinsinsi, kuphatikizapo mtengo wa gawo lanu la mgwirizano, zimagawidwira. Pangano la mgwirizano limatsimikizira zomwe zimachitika ku bizinesiyo.

Nthawi yomweyo, pangano lanu la mgwirizano ( vennootschapscontract ) liyenera kufotokoza zomwe zimachitika mnzanu akachoka. Ndi chitsogozo chanu chachikulu cha mbali ya bizinesi: momwe bizinesiyo imayamikiridwa, ngati mnzanuyo angagulidwe ndi momwe mgwirizanowu umathera.

Kodi VOF yanu ndi dongosolo lanu la katundu wa ukwati zimagwirizana bwanji?

Chilichonse chimadalira zinthu ziwiri: kodi VOF ndi chiyani mwalamulo, ndi dongosolo la katundu wa ukwati lomwe limagwira ntchito kwa inu. Khazikitsani zonse ziwiri musanayambe kukambirana.

VOF si bungwe lovomerezeka. Malinga ndi Nkhani 18 ya Malamulo Amalonda, mnzanu aliyense ali ndi udindo wogwirizana komanso payekhapayekha, kotero wobwereketsa akhoza kupempha ngongole yonse ya bizinesi kwa aliyense wa inu. Pakusiyana, mfundo imeneyi yokha imabweretsa mavuto ambiri.

VOF ili ndi katundu wake wolekanitsidwa ( afgescheiden vermogen ). Obwereketsa mgwirizanowu akhoza kubweza ndalama zawo kuchokera ku katundu wa mgwirizanowu kaye, pamaso pa obwereketsa achinsinsi a ogwirizana nawo. Koma ngati katundu wa mgwirizanowu sali okwanira, akhoza kutembenukira ku katundu wachinsinsi wa wogwirizana nawo aliyense.

Kodi pali malamulo ati okhudza chuma cha anthu aku Dutch?

Pali zitatu: mgwirizano wonse wa katundu, mgwirizano wochepa wa katundu ndi mapangano a ukwati. Tsiku lanu la ukwati ndi mapangano aliwonse omwe mudapanga ndi omwe amatsimikizira zomwe zikugwira ntchito.

• Gulu lonse la anthu okhala ndi katundu (algehele gemeenschap van goederen): chosasinthika kwa okwatirana omwe adakwatirana kale 1 January 2018 popanda mapangano a ukwati. Mwachidule, katundu ndi ngongole zonse, kuyambira ukwati usanachitike komanso panthawi ya ukwati, zimagwera mu mphika umodzi wogwirizana, womwe umagawidwa mofanana pakusudzulana. Mphatso ndi cholowa chokhala ndi gawo loletsa ukwati zimakhalabe kunja kwa icho.
• Malo okhala ndi anthu ochepa (beperkte gemeenschap van goederen): chosasinthika kwa okwatirana omwe adakwatirana pambuyo pake kapena pambuyo pake 1 January 2018 popanda mapangano a ukwati (Nkhani 1:94 ya Dutch Civil Code). Katundu ndi ngongole zomwe mudapeza panthawi ya ukwati ndi zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa. Zomwe munali nazo musanakwatirane, komanso mphatso ndi cholowa, kwenikweni zimakhala zachinsinsi. Katundu amene munali naye limodzi musanakwatirane amagwera m'gulu la anthu ammudzi.
• Mapangano a ukwati asanakwatirane (welijkse voorwaarden): pangano, lolembedwa ndi notary wa malamulo aboma, momwe mumadziwira zomwe zili zolumikizana ndi zomwe zili zachinsinsi. Kwa VOF, zomwe mapanganowa akunena ndizomwe zimafunika.

Ngati ukwati wanu uli ndi gawo lapadziko lonse lapansi, choyamba onani lamulo lomwe likugwira ntchito pa katundu wanu wa ukwati. Limenelo likhoza kukhala lamulo lakunja, kutengera dziko lanu, komwe mumakhala mutakwatirana komanso lamulo lililonse lomwe mungasankhe.

Kodi ndondomeko yanu imakhudza bwanji bizinesi yanu?

Mu gulu lonse la katundu, gawo lanu la mgwirizano nthawi zambiri limakhala chuma chogwirizana. Mu gulu laling'ono, zimatengera nthawi yomwe bizinesiyo idayambika; ndi mapangano asanakwatirane, mawu awo komanso ngati munawachita.

Ngati mwakwatirana mu mgwirizano wa katundu, gawo lanu mu VOF nthawi zambiri limakhala chuma chogwirizana, ngakhale mwamuna kapena mkazi wanu sanali kuchita nawo bizinesi ya tsiku ndi tsiku. Ngati nonse ndinu ogwirizana, magawo onse awiri a mgwirizano amagwera m'gulu la anthu.

Pankhaniyi, phindu la bizinesi liyenera kuyesedwa mwaukadaulo, ndipo kwenikweni mwamuna kapena mkazi aliyense ali ndi ufulu wopeza theka la ndalamazo. Mapangano asanakwatirane omwe amachotsa bwino VOF pakugawana kulikonse amabweretsa zotsatira zosiyana komanso nthawi zambiri zosavuta.

Mu gawo lochepa la katundu, gawo mu VOF lomwe mwamuna kapena mkazi anali nalo asanakwatirane kwenikweni limakhala lachinsinsi. Koma anthu ammudzi akhoza kukhala ndi ufulu wolandira chipukuta misozi motsatira Nkhani 1:95a ya Dutch Civil Code ngati mkaziyo adagwira ntchito pa bizinesiyo popanda malipiro oyenera. Phindu lomwe limapezedwa panthawi ya ukwati ndi kuchotsedwa mu bizinesi nthawi zambiri limagwera m'gulu la anthu ammudzi.

Mapangano ambiri asanakwatirane amakhala ndi gawo lokhazikika nthawi ndi nthawi ( periodiek verrekenbeding ): chaka chilichonse okwatirana ayenera kugawana zomwe zatsala kuchokera ku ndalama zawo. Ngati simunatsatire gawo limenelo, Nkhani 1:141(3) ya Dutch Civil Code imati katundu womwe ulipo kumapeto kwa ukwati unapangidwa kuchokera ku ndalama zomwe zikanayenera kugawidwa, pokhapokha ngati pali umboni wosiyana. Zimenezo zingabweretse phindu la bizinesiyo mu mgwirizano.

Kodi malamulo okhudza katundu wa m'banja amakhudza bwanji VOF pakusudzulana?

Tebuloli limapereka chithunzithunzi chachidule. Zotsatira zake nthawi zonse zimadalira zenizeni, kuphatikizapo nthawi yomwe bizinesiyo idayambika komanso zomwe mudagwirizana.

Komanso onani tsiku lofotokozera. Mu mgwirizano wa katundu, gulu la anthu m'deralo limakhazikitsidwa pa tsiku lomwe pempho la chisudzulo limaperekedwa (Nkhani 1:99 ya Dutch Civil Code). Mtengo umatsimikiziridwa panthawi yogawa, pokhapokha ngati mutavomereza zina. Kwa bizinesi yomwe mtengo wake umasintha mwachangu, kusiyana kumeneko kungakhale kwakukulu.

Ndi zopinga ziti zachuma zomwe zimabuka pogawa VOF?

Mfundo zitatu zachuma zimatsimikizira zotsatira zake: mtengo wa bizinesiyo, ngongole zake ndi zotsatira za msonkho. Chitani chilichonse mwa izo momveka bwino.

Kodi mgwirizanowu umayamikiridwa bwanji?

Onetsetsani kuti bizinesiyo yayamikiridwa ndi katswiri wodziyimira pawokha, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera bizinesiyo. Kuwerengera mtengo kumakhala maziko a kugula, kugulitsa kapena kugawa kulikonse.

Pali njira zingapo zodziwika bwino zowerengera mtengo wa VOF:

• Kuwerengera mtengo kutengera chuma: Njira yosavuta. Mumaphatikiza mtengo wa katundu yense wa bizinesi (ndalama, zida, katundu, masheya) ndikuchotsa ngongole zonse (ngongole, maakaunti olipira). Imayankha funso lakuti: 'Kodi tingakhale ndi chiyani ngati titagulitsa chilichonse ndikulipira ngongole zonse lero?'
• Kuwerengera ndalama pogwiritsa ntchito phindu: Njira iyi imayang'ana kuthekera kwa bizinesi kupanga phindu lamtsogolo. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zikupezeka kapena zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa, monga EBITDA (ndalama zomwe zisanabwere chiwongola dzanja, misonkho, kuchepa kwa mtengo ndi kubweza ngongole). Izi ndizothandiza kwa mabizinesi opindulitsa komanso okhazikika.
• Kuwerengera mtengo kutengera msika: Njira iyi imayerekeza VOF yanu ndi mabizinesi ofanana omwe adagulitsidwa posachedwapa. Ndi njira yowunikira zenizeni kutengera zomwe msika umalipira pa bizinesi yofanana.

Ubwino nthawi zambiri umatsutsidwa. Ngati phindu limadalira kwambiri luso la munthu ndi ubale wa mnzanu m'modzi, gawo la ubwino ndi la munthu payekha ndipo silingasamutsidwe mosavuta. Makhothi amaganizira zimenezo akamayesa zomwe bizinesiyo ili ndi phindu kwa mnzanu amene akupitiriza nayo. Sankhani njirayo mothandizidwa ndi katswiri woona za kuwerengera ndalama ndipo, makamaka, gwirizanani ndi munthu m'modzi wodziyimira pawokha m'malo mongoyambitsa lipoti lanu.

N’chifukwa chiyani udindo wa ngongole umapitirira pambuyo pa chisudzulo?

Chifukwa mnzanu aliyense ali ndi udindo wogwirizana komanso wosiyana kwa omwe ali ndi ngongole, ndipo mgwirizano wanu wosudzulana suwamanga. Mumamasulidwa pokhapokha ngati wobwereketsayo avomereza kapena ngongoleyo yalipidwa.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zovuta kwambiri pa VOF ndi udindo wogwirizana ndi angapo . Malinga ndi Nkhani 18 ya Dutch Commercial Code, mnzanu aliyense ali ndi udindo wolipira ngongole zonse za mgwirizanowu , mosasamala kanthu kuti ndani adazitenga. Chisankho chanu cha chisudzulo sichithetsa udindo umenewo.

Ngakhale pangano lanu lothetsa ngongole litakhala kuti mnzanu wakale adzalipira ngongole inayake ya bizinesi, wobwereketsayo akhozabe kupempha ndalama zonse kwa inu ngati mnzanu wakale sanalipire. Katundu wanu wachinsinsi amakhalabe pachiwopsezo mpaka ngongole iliyonse ya bizinesi italipidwa kapena wobwereketsayo atakumasulani mwalamulo.

Anthu ambiri amanyalanyaza izi. Mapangano omwe mumapanga ndi mnzanu ndi osiyana ndi mapangano omwe VOF ili nawo ndi mabanki ndi ogulitsa ake. Lumikizanani ndi omwe akubwereketsa ndalama nthawi yoyenera ndikuwapempha kuti akumasuleni, mwachitsanzo posinthana ndi chitetezo chatsopano kuchokera kwa mnzanu amene akupitiriza. Gwirizanani ndi mnzanu wakale kuti adzakulipirani ngati wobwereketsa akadali ndi mlandu.

Komanso lembani kutuluka kwanu kapena kuthetsedwa kwa VOF mu Kaundula Wamalonda wa KVK popanda kuchedwa. Bola ngati kaundula akukuwonetsanibe ngati mnzanu, anthu ena angadalire zimenezo, ndipo mukhoza kukhala ndi mlandu pa maudindo atsopano omwe mwalowa mutachoka.

Kodi zotsatira za msonkho ndi chitetezo cha anthu ndi ziti?

Kusiya kapena kutseka bizinesi nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa msonkho pa ndalama zobisika ndi zabwino: phindu losiya bizinesi. Pemphani mlangizi wa misonkho kuti awerengere izi musanagwirizane pa mtengo.

Lingaliro lofunika kwambiri ndi phindu losiya kugulitsidwa ( stakingswinst ) : kusiyana pakati pa mtengo wa gawo lanu muzinthu za bizinesi ndi mtengo wake wamsika panthawi yosamutsa, kuphatikizapo zabwino. Phindu ili limakhomeredwa msonkho ngati ndalama kuchokera ku bizinesi mu bokosi 1, zomwe zingayambitse bilu yayikulu ya msonkho. Pazifukwa zina, mpumulo kapena kuperekedwa kwa mnzanu amene akupitiriza bizinesiyo n'kotheka.

Kusintha kwa umwini wa bizinesi kapena ndalama kungakhudzenso zopereka zokhudzana ndi ndalama ndi ndalama zothandizira, monga zopereka zokhudzana ndi ndalama motsatira Health Insurance Act ( Zorgverzekeringswet , Zvw). Kukonza bwino kulekanitsa kumathandiza kuchepetsa mavuto azachuma. Sitikulangizani za kapangidwe ka misonkho; pa mfundo izi tikukutumizirani kwa mlangizi wa misonkho.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za momwe katundu amagawidwira, werengani nkhani yathu yokhudza malamulo a mabanja ndi gawo la katundu ku Netherlands.

Ndi njira iti yomwe muyenera kusankha: kugula, kugulitsa kapena kusokoneza?

Pali njira zitatu: mnzanu m'modzi amapitiliza ndikugula wina, bizinesiyo imagulitsidwa kwa wina, kapena VOF imathetsedwa ndikutha. Kusankha kumadalira thanzi la bizinesiyo, ndalama zomwe mukufuna komanso zomwe aliyense wa inu akufuna.

Njira 1: Kodi mgwirizano wa mnzawo m'modzi umathandiza bwanji?

Mwamuna kapena mkazi mmodzi amapitiriza bizinesiyo ndipo amalipira winayo gawo lake. Zimenezi zimagwira ntchito ngati bizinesiyo ikupeza phindu ndipo mnzake wopitirizayo angathe kulipira mtengo wake.

Mukapeza mtengo, mumalemba mgwirizano wolembedwa. Umafotokoza nthawi yolipira, kusamutsa gawo ndi katundu wa bizinesi, ndi tsiku lomwe kusamutsaku kumayamba kugwira ntchito. Uyeneranso kufotokoza momwe mnzanu wochokayo amasulidwira ku ngongole zomwe zikupitilira komanso yemwe ali ndi zotsatirapo za msonkho.

Ngati pangano lanu la mgwirizano lili ndi gawo lopitiliza ( voortzettingsbeding ), lingapereke ufulu kwa mnzanu m'modzi kupitiriza bizinesiyo wina akachoka, ndi mgwirizano wa mnzanu wochoka (Nkhani 7A:1688 ya Dutch Civil Code). Onani ngati gawolo likukhudzanso kuchoka chifukwa cha chisudzulo.

Ndalama nthawi zambiri zimakhala chopinga chachikulu. Ngati mwasankha njira iyi, lankhulani ndi banki yanu msanga za ndalama zogulira, ndipo ganizirani zolipira pang'onopang'ono ndi chitetezo cha mnzanu wochoka.

Njira yachiwiri: Kodi muyenera kugulitsa bizinesiyo kwa munthu wina liti?

Ngati palibe aliyense wa inu amene angathe kapena akufuna kupitiriza, kugulitsa kwa wogula wakunja kumapereka mpumulo wabwino. Mumagawa ndalama zonse zomwe mwapeza malinga ndi mapangano anu komanso dongosolo la katundu wanu waukwati.

Kugulitsa kumakupatsani mwayi wozindikira phindu lomwe mudamanga ndikupitiliza. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kupeza wogula woyenera, zomwe zingatenge nthawi. Muyenera kutsatsa bizinesiyo, kuwunika ogula omwe angakhalepo ndikukambirana mtengo. Nthawi zambiri wogula amatenga katundu wa bizinesiyo; VOF yokha imatha. Ndalama zonse zomwe zapezeka, mutalipira ngongole ndi misonkho, zimagawidwa malinga ndi mgwirizano wanu waubwenzi komanso dongosolo la katundu wanu waukwati.

Vuto lalikulu ndi msika. Kupeza wogula woyenera pamtengo woyenera sikutsimikizika, ndipo njira yayitali yogulitsira imawonjezera mgwirizano wa zachuma wa chisudzulo chanu. Gwirizanani pasadakhale pamtengo wocheperako komanso zomwe zingachitike ngati palibe wogula amene wapezeka mkati mwa nthawi yoikika.

Njira 3: kodi mumathetsa bwanji VOF kwathunthu?

Mumathetsa mgwirizano, mumathetsa bizinesiyo ndikugawa zomwe zatsala. Iyi ndi njira yomwe nthawi zambiri imachitika ngati bizinesiyo siipindula kapena kugula kapena kugulitsa sikungatheke.

Mgwirizano wa nthawi yosatha ukhoza kuthetsedwa ndi chidziwitso chochokera kwa mnzanu m'modzi, choperekedwa mwachikhulupiriro (Nkhani 7A: 1683 ndi 7A: 1686 za Dutch Civil Code). Mnzakeyo akhozanso kupempha khothi kuti lithetse mgwirizanowu pazifukwa zazikulu (Nkhani 7A: 1684). Pambuyo pa kuthetsedwa, bizinesiyo iyenera kuthetsedwa (kuthetsedwa).

Masitepewo ndi okonzedwa mwadongosolo:

1. Ntchito zoyimitsa: kuthetsa zochitika zonse za bizinesi, kupatula zomwe zimafunika kuti ntchitoyo ithe.
2. Dziwani zinthu zomwe zili mu chuma: kugulitsa katundu wa bizinesi, masheya ndi zida.
3. Lipirani ngongole: Gwiritsani ntchito ndalama zomwe zapezeka kulipira obwereketsa onse ndi misonkho yomwe yatsala.
4. Gawani ndalama zomwe zilipo: Gawani zomwe zatsala pakati pa ogwirizana malinga ndi mgwirizano wa mgwirizano.
5. Chotsani kulembetsa: kuthetsedwa kwa VOF kulembetsedwa ndi KVK.

Ngakhale izi zikuwoneka bwino, nthawi zina sizimakhala zosavuta. Ngati ndalama zomwe zapezeka sizikwanira kulipira ngongole zonse, obwereketsa amathabe kupita kwa mnzanu aliyense kuti akapeze ndalama zonse zotsala. Sungani zolemba zoyenera za kutha kwa ngongoleyo, chifukwa mafunso ochokera kwa obwereketsa kapena akuluakulu amisonkho angabwere pambuyo pake.

Mavuto omwewo amabuka kwa ogwirizana nawo amalonda omwe sanakwatirane, mwachitsanzo okwatirana osakwatirana omwe amayendetsa VOF limodzi. Sali ndi njira yosudzulana, koma ayenerabe kuthetsa mgwirizano ndi katundu aliyense wogwirizana, monga nyumba.

Kodi ntchito ya mgwirizano wanu ndi ukhala pakati panu ndi chiyani?

Pangano labwino la mgwirizano limakupatsani malamulo omwe mwagwirizana kale okhudza kuwerengera mtengo, kugula ndi kuthetsa mgwirizano. Kuthetsa mgwirizano kumakuthandizani kupanga zisankho zotsala pamodzi, m'malo molola khoti kuti lisankhe.

Nchifukwa chiyani mgwirizano wanu wa mgwirizano ndi njira yanu?

Chifukwa chakuti, kuyambira nthawi ya bata, imalemba zomwe zimachitika mnzanu akachoka. Pamene ikukhala yathunthu, zisankho zochepa zomwe muyenera kupanga mukapanikizika zimakhala zochepa.

Pangano lanu la mgwirizano ( vennootschapscontract ) ndi lofanana ndi mapangano a ukwati. Mwaganiza kuti mwapanga, nthawi yamtendere, kuti mukhazikitse malamulo a ubale wanu wantchito. Mukasiyana, limakhala dongosolo lanu lalikulu, ndi malangizo omwe mwagwirizana kale pankhaniyi.

Ziyenera kuphatikizapo:

• Zigawo zothetsa mgwirizano: njira zoti achite ngati mgwirizanowu wathetsedwa, kuyambira kudziwitsa obwereketsa ndi kupeza katundu mpaka kugawa zomwe zatsala.
• Zigawo zowerengera mtengo: njira yodziwira mtengo wa gawo, mwachitsanzo njira yovomerezeka kapena wowerengera ndalama wodziyimira pawokha, kuti apewe mikangano.
• Zigawo zopitilira ndi zogulira: mfundo zomwe mnzawo m'modzi angapitilize bizinesiyo ndikugula wina, kuphatikizapo ufulu uliwonse wokana koyamba, mfundo zolipira ndi nthawi yake.
• Zochitika zotuluka: kaya kusudzulana pakati pa okwatirana ndi chochitika chomwe chimayambitsa zigawo izi.

Bwanji kusankha mkhalapakati m'malo mwa milandu?

Kuthetsa mkangano kumakupatsani mwayi wothetsa nkhani ndi chisudzulo m'makambirano amodzi ogwirizana, nthawi zambiri mwachangu komanso motsika mtengo kuposa milandu ya kukhoti. Mkhalapakati sasankha; inuyo ndiye amene mumasankha.

Werengani zambiri za njira iyi munkhani yathu yokhudza kusudzulana kudzera mu mgwirizano . Ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito mkhalapakati, funsani loya wanu kuti afufuze zotsatira zake musanasaine, ndipo kumbukirani kuti loya ayenera kupereka pempho la kusudzulana.

Kodi muyenera kutsimikizira chiyani ngati mnzanu amene akupitiriza bizinesi yanu?

Mumatenga bizinesiyo, komanso zoopsa zake komanso ndalama zogulira. Onani mfundo izi musanasayine:

• Onani ngati mgwirizano wa mgwirizano uli ndi gawo lopitiliza (Article 7A: 1688 ya Dutch Civil Code) lomwe limakhudzanso chisudzulo.
• Gwirizanani pa munthu mmodzi wodziyimira pawokha komanso tsiku lowerengera mtengo musanakambirane za mtengo.
• Kambiranani ndi banki yanu za ndalama zogulira katundu wanu msanga, kapena gwirizanani kuti mupereke ndalama pang'onopang'ono.
• Khalani ndi mlangizi wa misonkho kuti awerengere phindu losiya ntchito ndi ndalama zilizonse zomwe zaperekedwa musanakhazikitsidwe mtengo.
• Lembani kusintha kwa mgwirizano mu KVK Kaundula wa Zamalonda nthawi yomweyo mutasamutsa.

Kodi muyenera kutsimikizira chiyani ngati mnzanu amene wachoka?

Udindo wanu kwa omwe ali ndi ngongole motsatira Nkhani 18 ya Malamulo Amalonda sutha ndi chisudzulo. Chongani mfundo izi kuti muchepetse izi:

• Lembani ngongole zonse za bizinesi, ngongole ndi zitsimikizo zomwe mudasaina, ndipo funsani wobwereketsa aliyense kuti akumasulireni.
• Phatikizanipo chindapusa kuchokera kwa mnzanu wakale mu mgwirizano wothetsa ngongole zomwe zatsala m'dzina lanu.
• Lembani kuti kutuluka kwanu kulembetsedwe ndi KVK popanda kuchedwa, kotero simudzakhala ndi udindo pa maudindo atsopano.
• Chongani ngati gawo losagwira ntchito la periodic set-off clause (Article 1:141(3) ya Dutch Civil Code) likukupatsani chiwongola dzanja pa mtengo wa bizinesiyo.
• Pemphani chitetezo, monga ufulu wolonjeza kapena chitsimikizo cha banki, ngati mtengo wogulira waperekedwa pang'onopang'ono.

Kodi tingakuchitireni chiyani ndi VOF ndi kusudzulana?

Maloya athu osudzulana amasamalira chisudzulo ndi kulekanitsa bizinesiyo mu fayilo imodzi yogwirizana:

• Timawunikanso mapangano anu asanakwatirane komanso mgwirizano wanu ndipo tafotokoza ndondomeko ndi zigawo zomwe zikugwira ntchito.
• Timawerengera zomwe mwapempha pakati panu, kuphatikizapo kulipira ngongole ndi kulipidwa motsatira Nkhani 1:95a ndi 1:141 za Dutch Civil Code.
• Timalemba mgwirizano wogwirizana ndi mgwirizano wosiyana pa kugula, kugulitsa kapena kuthetsa VOF.
• Timalemba chindapusa ndikupempha kuti mabanki ndi obwereketsa ena atulutse ngongole.
• Timatumiza pempho la chisudzulo kukhothi ndipo timakuyimirani ngati gawo la bizinesi likutsutsidwa.

Chidule

• Kusudzulana pakati pa okwatirana omwe amayendetsa VOF kumathetsa maubwenzi awiri, aliyense pansi pa malamulo ake: lamulo la katundu wa ukwati ndi lamulo la mgwirizano.
• Ndondomeko yanu ya katundu wa m'banja imatsimikizira ngati mtengo wa gawo lanu la mgwirizano wagawidwa; ndi mapangano a ukwati, gawo losakwaniritsidwa lingathe kubweretsabe mgwirizanowu (Nkhani 1:141(3) ya Dutch Civil Code).
• Mnzanu aliyense amakhalabe ndi udindo wolipira ngongole za mgwirizano (Nkhani 18 ya Malamulo Amalonda); pangano lanu la chisudzulo silimangirira omwe ali ndi ngongole.
• Sankhani pakati pa kugula, kugulitsa ndi kuthetsedwa kwa bizinesi mutagula mtengo wodziyimira pawokha, ndipo lembani kutuluka kwanu kulembetsa ku KVK mosazengereza.
• Kuchoka mu bizinesi nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa msonkho pa phindu losiya ntchito; funsani mlangizi wa misonkho kuti awerengere musanavomereze mtengo.

MAFUNSO OFUNSIDWA KAWIRIKAWIRI