Kodi Ufulu Wanu Ndi Chiyani?
Wobwereka aliyense ali ndi ufulu ali ndi ufulu wofunikira iwiri: ufulu wokhala ndi moyo komanso ufulu wobwereka chitetezo. Komwe tidakambirana ufulu woyamba wa lendi yokhudzana ndi udindo wa mwininyumba, ufulu wachiwiri wa wokhala nawo udabwera mu blog yapadera yokhudza chitetezo cha renti.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake funso lina losangalatsa lidzakambidwa mubulogu iyi: Ndi maufulu ena ati omwe wobwereka ali nawo? Ufulu wosangalala ndi kukhala ndi ufulu wotetezedwa ndi lendi si maufulu okhawo omwe mwininyumba ali nawo motsutsana ndi eni nyumba. Mwachitsanzo, wobwereketsa alinso ndi ufulu angapo pa nkhani kusamutsa katundu amene sadutsa lendi ndi subletting. Ufulu wonsewo ukukambidwa motsatizana mubulogu iyi.
Kusamutsa malo sikudutsa renti
Ndime 1 ya Article 7: 226 ya Dutch Civil Code, yomwe imagwira ntchito kwa omwe amakhala ndi malo okhala, ikuti:
"Kusamutsa malo omwe mgwirizano wamgwirizano umakhudzana (…) ndi mwininyumba amasamutsa ufulu ndi udindo wa mwininyumbayo kuchokera ku mgwirizano wokhala ndi wolandila. "
Kwa wobwereka, nkhaniyi ikutanthauza choyamba kuti kusamutsidwa kwa umwini wa malo obwereka, mwachitsanzo kupyolera mwa kugulitsidwa ndi mwininyumba kupita kwa wina, sikuthetsa mgwirizano wobwereketsa. Kuonjezera apo, wobwereketsayo atha kutsutsa wolowa m'malo mwa eni nyumbayo, popeza wolowa m'malo mwalamuloyu atenga ufulu ndi udindo wa eni nyumba. Pankhani ya zomwe mwininyumbayo ali nazo, ndikofunikira kutsimikizira kaye kuti ndi ufulu ndi zomwe mwini nyumbayo angapereke kwa wolowa m'malo mwake mwalamulo.
Malinga ndi ndime 3 ya Ndime 7: 226 ya Civil Code, awa makamaka ufulu ndi udindo wa mwini nyumba zomwe zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malo obwereketsa kuti aziganiziridwa kuti azilipidwa ndi lendi, mwachitsanzo, lendi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zonena zomwe mwininyumbayo anganene motsutsana ndi wolowa m'malo mwa eni nyumba mwalamulo, kwenikweni, zimakhudzana ndi maufulu ake awiri ofunika kwambiri: ufulu wokhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso ufulu wotetezedwa.
Komabe, nthawi zambiri, wobwereketsa ndi mwininyumba amapanganso mapangano ena mumgwirizano wa renti malinga ndi zina zomwe zili mkati ndikulemba izi m'magawo. Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino ndi chiganizo chonena za ufulu wa wobwereketsa. Ngakhale kuti sizipereka chilolezo kwa mwini nyumbayo kubweretsa katundu, zikutanthawuza udindo wa mwini nyumba kuti apereke: mwini nyumbayo ayenera kupereka kaye malo obwereka kuti agulitse kwa mwiniwakeyo asanagulitsidwe kwa wolowa m'malo mwalamulo.
Kodi mwininyumba wotsatira adzamangidwanso ndi gawo ili kwa wobwereka? Chifukwa cha mlanduwo chilamulo, sizili choncho. Izi zikutanthawuza kuti ufulu wachibadwidwe wa mwiniwakeyo sunagwirizane mwachindunji ndi lendi, kotero kuti chigamulo chokhudza ufulu wogula malo obwereka sichidutsa kwa wolowa m'malo mwalamulo wa mwini nyumbayo. Izi ndizosiyana ngati zikukhudza njira yogulira kuchokera kwa wobwereketsa ndipo ndalama zomwe zimalipidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kwa eni nyumba zimaphatikizansopo chipukuta misozi pakupeza komaliza.
Kutumiza
Kuphatikiza apo, Article 7: 227 ya Civil Code imanena izi pokhudzana ndi ufulu wa wobwereketsa:
"Wobwereketsayo ndi wololedwa kupatsa munthu wina renti kugwiritsidwa ntchito, yonse kapena gawo lina, pokhapokha ngati angaganize kuti wobwereketsa angatsutse zoti mnzakeyo agwiritsa ntchito."
Nthawi zambiri, zikuwonekeratu kuchokera m'nkhaniyi kuti wobwereketsa ali ndi ufulu wotsitsa zonse kapena gawo la nyumbayo kwa munthu wina. Poganizira gawo lachiwiri la Gawo 7: 227 la Civil Code, wobwereketsa sangathe, komabe, apitirize kuvomereza ngati ali ndi zifukwa zokayikira kuti mwini nyumbayo angatsutse izi. Nthawi zina, kutsutsa kwa eni nyumba kumawonekera, mwachitsanzo ngati chiletso cha subletting chikuphatikizidwa mu mgwirizano wa renti. Zikatero, subletting ndi wobwereketsa sikuloledwa.
Ngati mwininyumbayo achita izi, pangakhale chindapusa chobwezera. Chilichonsechi chiyenera kulumikizidwa ndi kuletsa kwa subletting mumgwirizano wa renti ndikumangirira ndalama zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kusintha kwa chipinda kuchokera ku Air B&B kungakhale koletsedwa mu lendi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala choncho.
M'nkhaniyi, ndime 7: 244 ya Civil Code ndiyofunikanso kuti pakhale malo okhalamo, omwe amati wobwereka saloledwa kubwereka malo onse okhalamo. Izi sizikugwira ntchito ku gawo la malo okhala, monga chipinda. M'mawu ena, wobwereketsayo ali ndi ufulu wopereka malo okhala kwa wina.
M'malo mwake, wobwereketsa alinso ndi ufulu wokhala m'malo obwereka. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito ngati wobwereka akuyenera kuchoka yekha pamalo obwereka. Kupatula apo, Ndime 7: 269 ya Dutch Civil Code imapereka kuti mwininyumbayo apitilizabe kuwongolera mwalamulo, ngakhale mgwirizano waukulu wobwereka utatha. Komabe, zotsatirazi ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa pazolinga za nkhaniyi:
- Malo okhala pawokha. Mwanjira ina, malo okhala okhala ndi mwayi wake wokha komanso zofunikira zake, monga khitchini ndi bafa. Chipinda chokha sichiwoneka ngati malo okhala palokha.
- Chigwirizano cha Sublease. Kukhala mgwirizano pakati pa wobwereketsa ndi wobwereketsa womwe umakwaniritsa zofunikira pamgwirizano wobwereketsa, monga tafotokozera mu Article 7: 201 ya Civil Code.
- Pangano la renti limakhudza kubwereka kwa malo okhala. Mwanjira ina, mgwirizano waukulu wobwereketsa pakati pa wobwereka ndi mwininyumbayo uyenera kukhudzana ndi renti ndi kubwereketsa malo omwe malo okhala movomerezeka amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ngati zomwe tafotokozazi sizikutsatiridwa, wobwerekedwayo alibe ufulu kapena dzina loti angalandire kwa mwininyumbayo ufulu wokhala m'galimoto pambuyo poti mgwirizano waukulu pakati pa wobwereketsa ndi mwininyumba wathetsedwa, kotero kuti kuchotsedwanso mosapeweka kwa iye. Ngati wogonthayo akwaniritsa zofunikirazi, ayenera kukumbukira kuti mwininyumbayo atha kuyambitsa milandu yotsutsana ndi banjali patadutsa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuti athetse kusamutsidwa ndikuchotsedwa kwa let.
Mofanana ndi malo okhala, malo ogulitsa amathanso kusinthidwa ndi wobwereketsa. Koma kodi wobwerekayo akugwirizana bwanji ndi mwininyumbayo pankhaniyi, ngati wobwerekayo sanaloledwe kutero kapena akuyenera kuchoka panyumbayo? Mu 2003 panali kusiyana koonekeratu: mwininyumbayo analibe chochita ndi wobwereketsayo chifukwa wobwereketsayo anali ndi ubale walamulo ndi mwininyumbayo. Chotsatira chake, wobwereketsayo analibenso ufulu ndipo motero amatsutsa mwini nyumbayo.
Kuyambira pamenepo, lamulo lasintha pa mfundo iyi ndipo likunena kuti ngati mgwirizano waukulu wobwereketsa pakati pa obwereketsa ndi eni nyumba utha, wobwereketsayo ayenera kusamalira zokonda ndi udindo wa subtenant, mwachitsanzo, kujowina wocheperako pazokambirana ndi eni nyumba. Koma ngati mgwirizano waukulu wobwereketsa ukathetsedwa pambuyo pa nkhani, ufulu wa wobwereketsa udzatha.
Kodi ndinu a lendi ndipo muli ndi mafunso aliwonse okhudza blog iyi? Ndiye kukhudzana Law & More. Maloya athu ndi akatswiri pankhani zalamulo ndipo ali okondwa kukupatsani upangiri. Akhozanso kukuthandizani mwalamulo ngati mkangano wanu wobwereketsa ungachitike.
